View source for Krahn-Bassa Proposed Protected Area

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[[File: Map_LBR_KrahnBassa_PPA_WGS84.png | 400px | thumb| right | Krahn-Bassa Proposed Protected Area (Liberia) © A.P.E.S. Wiki Team]]
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[[West Africa]] > [[Liberia]] > [[Krahn-Bassa Proposed Protected Area]]

= Summary =  <!-- An overview of the site, with a one sentence overview of each of the following sections. can include a site map -->
<div style="float: right">
{{#display_map: height=200px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap
|5.768000, -8.680139~[[Krahn-Bassa Proposed Protected Area]]~Western Chimpanzee
}}
</div>

* Western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus'') are present in Krahn-Bassa Proposed Protected Area. 
* It has been estimated that 531 (CI: 321-1,028) individuals are present in the area. 
* The chimpanzee population trend is unknown. 
* This site has a total size of 2,901 km².
* Key threats to chimpanzees are poaching and habitat disturbance due to logging, mining, and farming activities. 
* As a means to endorse the creation of the protected area, the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation has collected survey data on the critically endangered western chimpanzee and other large mammal species.

= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->

Situated to the northwest of ([http://panafwiki-n.eva.mpg.de/index.php/Sapo_National_Park Sapo National Park]), Krahn-Bassa Proposed Protected Area (KBPPA) is part of the Taï-Grebo-Sapo forest complex. The Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (WCF) have collected nearly 3,000 observations of wildlife at the site; in addition to the critically endangered western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus''), pygmy hippos (''Hexaprotodon liberiensis''), pangolins (''Smutsia gigantea''), and forest elephants (''Loxodonta africana'') inhabit the area (WCF 2018). 

'''Table 1. Basic site information for Krahn-Bassa Proposed Protected Area'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"
|Area             <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha    -->
|2,901 km²
|-
|Coordinates
|5.768000, -8.680139
|-
|Designation      <!-- National Park, Nature Reserve, etc.   -->
|Proposed Protected Area
|-
|Habitat types    <!-- List IUCN Habitat Classification 3.0 categories present (Without number), see link below -->
|Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland Forest
|}
[http://www.unitar.org/hiroshima/sites/unitar.org.hiroshima/files/Annex%201%20-%20IUCN%20Classification%20Schemes.pdf IUCN habitat categories]   [[Site designations]]

= Ape status =  <!-- a text overview of ape status (population sizes, trends etc), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->

Based on a transect survey in 2017, the estimated chimpanzee population is approximately 531 (WCF 2018). No other systematic surveys have been conducted in the area, thus, the population trend is unknown.

'''Table 2. Great ape population estimates in Krahn-Bassa Proposed Protected Area'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"
! Species
! Year
! Abundance estimate (95% CI)
! Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
! Encounter rate (nests/km)
! Area
! Method
! Source
! Comments
! A.P.E.S. database ID
|-
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
|2017
|531 (321-1028)
|0.151
|0.95
|Krahn-Bassa Proposed Protected Area
|Line transects (Distance)
|WCF 2018
|
|
|}

= Threats =     <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats -->

The WCF surveyed 455 households in the proposed protected area in 2017. This socioeconomic survey showed that communities in the area have very limited access to public services, vital resources and infrastructure (WCF 2018). Bushmeat hunting and trade are primary activities in the surveyed communities. Anthropogenic pressure is high in and around the area, due to logging, mining, and farming activities. In addition, WCF’s survey revealed some chimpanzees kept as pets in the communities, and one chimpanzee was confiscated by the Forestry Development Authority (WCF2018).

'''Table 3. Threats to great apes in Krahn-Bassa Proposed Protected Area'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"
!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->
!Specific threats    <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the list linked below -->
!Threat level        <!-- For threat level, please use keywords: unknown, low, high -->
!Quantified severity <!-- e.g., encounter rate, number of miners etc. (with reference)-->
!Description         <!-- You can add descriptive information here -->
!Year of threat      <!-- if ongoing or unknown add year of reference in brackets-->
|-
|1. Residential & commercial development
|
|Absent
|
|
|
|-
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
|2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops
|High
|
|A survey by the WCF reported that approximately 82% of surveyed households are farming in and around the site (WCF 2018)
|Ongoing (2018)
|-
|3. Energy production & mining
|3.2 Mining & quarrying
|High
|
|Former artisanal gold mining pits are present at the site (Rödel & Glos 2019). The WCF has also reported the presence of mining activities (WCF 2018)
|Ongoing (2019)
|-
|4. Transportation & service corridors
|
|Absent
|
|
|
|-
|5. Biological resource use
|5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals
|High
|
|Two surveys in the area have recorded a large number of poaching signs (Rödel & Glos 2019, WCF 2018)
|Ongoing (2019)
|-
|
|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
|Present
|
|Logging in the area (WCF 2018)
|Ongoing (2018)
|-
|6. Human intrusions & disturbance
|
|Absent
|
|
|
|-
|7. Natural system modifications
|
|Absent
|
|
|
|-
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|-
|9. Pollution
|
|Absent
|
|
|
|-
|10. Geological Events
|
|Absent
|
|
|
|-
| 11. Climate change & severe weather
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|-
|12. Other options
|12.1 Other threat
|Present
|
|Pet trade, a survey by the WCF revealed chimpanzees kept as pets in some of the communities (WCF 2018)
|Ongoing (2018)
|-
|}
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list]

= Conservation activities =       <!-- a text overview of conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->

Together with Liberia’s Forestry Development Authority (FDA), the WCF has surveyed the proposed protected area to provide knowledge on the abundance and distribution of threatened and endemic species, and thereby endorse the creation of a new protected area (WCF 2018).

'''Table 4. Conservation activities in Krahn-Bassa Proposed Protected Area'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"
!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->
!Specific activity    <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the list linked below -->
!Description         <!-- You can add descriptive information here -->
!Year of activity         <!-- if ongoing or unknown add year of reference in brackets -->
|-
|1. Residential & commercial development
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|3. Energy production & mining
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|4. Transportation & service corridors
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|5. Biological resource use
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|6. Human intrusions & disturbance
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|7. Natural system modifications
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|9. Pollution
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|10. Education & Awareness 
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|11. Habitat Protection
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|12. Species Management
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives 
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|}
[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]

= Challenges = <!-- Overview of impediments to ape conservation -->

'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Krahn-Bassa Proposed Protected Area'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="challenges-table"
!align="left"|Challenge  <!-- Do not change categories -->
!Source   <!-- source for impediment mentioned -->
|-
|Not reported
|
|}

= Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities -->

No information on research activities has been documented.

===Documented behaviours===   <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->

'''Table 6. Great ape behaviors reported for Krahn-Bassa Proposed Protected Area'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"
!align="left"|Behavior  <!-- Do not change categories -->
!Source   <!-- source for behavior -->
|-
|Not reported
|
|}

= References =
Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (WCF). 2018. Activities of the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation for improved conservation of chimpanzees and their habitat in West Africa. Annual report 2017.<br>
Rödel M-O, Glos J. 2019. Herpetological surveys in two proposed protected areas in Liberia, West Africa. Zoosystematics and Evolution 95(1): 15-35. https://doi.org/10.3897/zse.95.31726<br>


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'''Page completed by:''' A.P.E.S. Wiki Team '''Date:''' 30/08/2019  <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->
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