View source for UFA 10-011 ZICGC1

[[Central Africa]] > [[Cameroon]] > [[UFA 10-011_ZICGC1]]

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__TOC__
= Summary =

<div style="float: right">{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap|2.394262, 15.586090~[[UFA 10-011_ZICGC1]]~'Pan troglodytes troglodytes'', ''Gorilla gorilla gorilla''}}</div>
* Central chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes troglodytes'') & western lowland gorillas (''Gorilla gorilla gorilla'') are present in UFA 10-011_ZICGC1.
* In 2018, it was estimated that 177 chimpanzees and 1,051 gorillas inhabit the site.
* The population trends are unknown.


= Site characteristics =

UFA 10-011_ZICGC1, is part of the TNS (Tri-National de la Sangha) landscape, a UNESCO World Heritage site known for its exceptional biodiversity. It hosts a range of endangered and endemic species, including the western lowland gorilla and chimpanzee, both of which are critical species in conservation efforts. The area’s ecological importance lies in its dense tropical forests, which act as a significant carbon sink and support high levels of biodiversity. The site is rich in cultural value, with local communities relying on the forest for sustainable resources, though conservation efforts aim to reduce pressure from hunting and land encroachment. Special designations include its role as part of a larger transboundary conservation initiative, promoting cross-border cooperation between Cameroon, Congo, and the Central African Republic.

'''Table 1. Basic site information for UFA 10-011_ZICGC1'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table"
|Species
|'Pan troglodytes troglodytes'', ''Gorilla gorilla gorilla''
|-
|Area
|553.09 km²
|-
|Coordinates
|Lat: 2.394262 , Lon:  15.586090
|-
|Type of site
|Logging concession and community managed hunting interest zone
|-
|Habitat types
|Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest
|-
|Type of governance
|Governance by indigenous peoples and local communities
|}

[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/habitat-classification-scheme IUCN habitat categories] [[Site designations]] 
= Ape status =



'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for UFA 10-011_ZICGC1'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Ape_status-table"
!Species
!Year
!Occurrence
!Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day)
!Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
!Abundance estimate (95% CI)
!Survey area
!Sampling method
!Analytical framework
!Source
!Comments
!A.P.E.S. database ID
|-
|'Pan troglodytes troglodytes''
|2018
|
|0.65
|0.32 (0.22-0.43]
|177 (125-238)
|UFA 10-011/ZICGC1 (553.09 km²)
|Line transects & recces
|Distance sampling with survey specific decay time
|WWF
|Results are adjusted for observed nest degradation rates and construction rates derived from other study regions.
|
|-
|'Gorilla gorilla gorilla''
|2018
|
|1.88
|1.90 (1.5-2.4)
|1051 (829-1329)
|UFA 10-011/ZICGC1 (553.09 km²)
|Line transects & recces
|Distance sampling with survey specific decay time
|WWF
|These results are derived from the large-scale faunal inventory conducted by WWF in the TNS-Cameroon region, highlighting ZICGC1 as a critical habitat for both chimpanzees and gorillas.
|
|}

= Threats =



'''Table 3. Threats to apes reported for UFA 10-011_ZICGC1'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Threats-table"
!Category
!Specific threats
!Threat level
!Description
!Year of threat
|-
|5 Biological resource use
|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
|Logging activities in the concession areas lead to habitat degradation and fragmentation, increasing access for hunters.
|2010-Ongoing (2018)
|-
|5 Biological resource use
|5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
|Increased poaching for bushmeat and incidental targeting of apes, exacerbated by the availability of firearms.
|2005-Ongoing (2018)
|-
|4 Transportation & service corridors
|4.1 Roads & railroads
|Medium (30-70% of population affected)
|Presence of logging roads facilitates access for illegal hunters and expands human activities in the forest.
|2010-Ongoing (2018)
|-
|9 Pollution
|9.3 Agricultural & forestry effluents
|Present (unknown severity)
|Expansion of agricultural activities by local communities near the forest edges leads to encroachment into ape habitats.
|2010-Ongoing (2018
|-
|3 Energy production & mining
|3.2 Mining & quarrying
|Present (unknown severity)
|Artisanal mining activities cause localized habitat degradation and disturbance to wildlife, including apes.
|2015-Ongoing (2018)
|}

[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list] 
= Conservation activities =



'''Table 4. Conservation activities reported for UFA 10-011_ZICGC1'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Conservation_activities-table"
!Category
!Specific activity
!Description
!Implementing organization(s)
!Year of activity
|-
|2 Counter-wildlife crime
|2.3 Conduct regular anti-poaching patrols
|Regular patrols conducted by eco-guards and local trackers to reduce illegal hunting and poaching activities in the area.
|WWF Jengi-TNS Program
|2005-Ongoing (2018)
|-
|2 Counter-wildlife crime
|2.13 Provide sustainable alternative livelihoods; establish fish- or domestic meat farms
|Development of income-generating micro-projects, including alternative protein sources, to reduce dependence on bushmeat and mitigate habitat destruction.
|WWF, local development agencies
|2015-Ongoing (2018)
|-
|2 Counter-wildlife crime
|2.11 Implement monitoring surveillance strategies (e.g., SMART) or use monitoring data to improve effectiveness of patrols
|Periodic ecological surveys, including population monitoring of great apes and other key species, to inform conservation strategies and track progress.
|WWF, TNS research teams
|2010-Ongoing (2018)
|-
|2 Counter-wildlife crime
|2.8 Provide training to anti-poaching ranger patrols
|Training programs for eco-guards to improve efficiency and enhance the operational capacity of surveillance teams.
|WWF, Cameroon Ministry of Forestry
|2014-Ongoing (2018)
|-
|4 Education & awareness
|4.2 Involve local community in ape research and conservation management
|Engagement with local communities to promote sustainable wildlife management practices, including hunting regulation and monitoring of faunal populations.
|Local authorities, WWF
|2007-Ongoing (2018)
|-
|4 Education & awareness
|4.1 Educate local communities about apes and sustainable use
|Awareness campaigns and training sessions aimed at educating local communities on biodiversity conservation and sustainable resource use.
|WWF, local NGOs
|2010-Ongoing (2018)
|}

[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]] 
= Challenges =



'''Table 5. Challenges reported for UFA 10-011_ZICGC1'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Challenges-table"
!Challenges
!Specific challenges
!Source
!Year(s)
|-
|2 Resources and capacity
|2.2 Lack of staff
|Beukou et al. 2019
|2005-Ongoing (2018)
|-
|2 Resources and capacity
|2.4 Lack of continuous/long-term funding
|Beukou et al. 2019
|2010-Ongoing (2018)
|-
|4 Institutional support
|4.1 Lack of law enforcement
|Beukou et al. 2019
|2015-Ongoing (2018)
|-
|5 Ecological context
|5.1 Ecological constraints (e.g., susceptibility to climate change, difficult terrain)
|Beukou et al. 2019
|2010-Ongoing (2018)
|-
|6 Safety and stability
|6.2 Insecurity
|Beukou et al. 2019
|2015-Ongoing (2018)
|}

= Enablers =



'''Table 6. Enablers reported for UFA 10-011_ZICGC1'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="enabler-table"
!Enablers
!Specific enablers
!Source
!Year(s)
|-
|1 Site management
|1.1 Effective leadership
|Beukou et al. 2019
|2005-Ongoing (2018)
|-
|1 Site management
|1.3 Adaptive management practices
|Beukou et al. 2019
|2010-Ongoing (2018)
|-
|2 Resources and capacity
|2.6 External partnerships that add expertise or resources
|Beukou et al. 2019
|2005-Ongoing (2018)
|-
|3 Engaged community
|3.6 Local community engagement and support
|Beukou et al. 2019
|2007-Ongoing (2018)
|-
|4 Institutional support
|4.1 Effective legislation and law enforcement
|Beukou et al. 2019
|2010-Ongoing (2018)
|}

= Research activities =

The primary focus of research at the site includes ecological monitoring, biodiversity assessments, and the monitoring of key species including gorillas and chimpanzees. These activities are part of larger efforts to track population dynamics, habitat health, and threats to wildlife, such as poaching and habitat destruction.

The research is primarily driven by WWF, with support from various academic and conservation partners. Field surveys, including distance sampling and habitat surveys, are regularly conducted to gather data on species density and distribution. Additionally, long-term monitoring is implemented to track the effectiveness of conservation strategies and to adapt management practices accordingly. WWF's Jengi-TNS program is heavily involved in these efforts, with collaboration from local institutions and international research teams.


The research activities are crucial for informing adaptive management strategies and ensuring the effectiveness of conservation interventions. The scientific references in the document, such as Beuko et al. (2019), highlight the ongoing efforts to monitor and assess biodiversity within the area and provide evidence for the development of more effective conservation policies.

= Documented behaviours =



'''Table 7. Behaviours documented for UFA 10-011_ZICGC1'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviours-table"
!Behavior
!Source
|-
|Nut cracking, for Chimpanzees
|Beukou et al. 2019
|-
|Nest building for Gorillas
|Beukou et al. 2019
|}

= Exposure to climate change impacts =



= External links =



= Relevant datasets =



= References =

Beukou, B., Sombambo, M., Nzoo, Z., N'Goran, K. P., Hessana, D., Sebogo, L., & Mengamenya, A. (2019). Faunal Inventory and Monitoring in the Tri-National de la Sangha Landscape: 2018 Survey Results. WWF Cameroon Country Programme Office.



'''Page created by: '''Onella Mundi''' Date:''' 2024-11-27 14:35:00