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[[West Africa]] > [[Senegal]] > [[Niokolo-Koba National Park]]

[[West Africa]] > [[Senegal]] > [[Niokolo-Koba National Park]]

= Summary =  <!-- An overview of the site, with a one sentence overview of each of the following sections. can include a site map -->

= Summary =  <!-- An overview of the site, with a one sentence overview of each of the following sections. can include a site map -->

 

* Western chimpanzees ([https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15935/17989872 ''Pan troglodytes verus'']) are present in Niokolo-Koba National Park.  

* Western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus'') are present in Niokolo-Koba National Park.  

* It has been estimated that 23 individuals occur at the site.  

* It has been estimated that 23 individuals occur at the site.  

* The chimpanzee population trend is estimated to be stable.  

* The chimpanzee population trend is estimated to be stable.  

* Key threats to chimpanzees are illegal bushmeat hunting and mining activities.  

* Key threats to chimpanzees are illegal bushmeat hunting and mining activities.  

* The park management implements anti-poaching patrols, roadblocks and supports communities around the park.

* The park management implements anti-poaching patrols, roadblocks and supports communities around the park.

* Niokolo-Koba National Park is contiguous with Badiar National Park in Guinea.

* Niokolo-Koba National Park is contiguous with [[Badiar National Park]] in Guinea.

 

= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->

= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->

PNNK features a rich biodiversity with more than 70 mammal species, 329 bird species, 36 reptile species reptiles, 20 amphibian species and many species of invertebrates (BirdLife International 2019). Some of the present mammal species include lion (''Panthera leo''), leopard (''Panthera pardus''), African civet (''Civettictis civetta''), spotted hyena (''Crocuta crocuta''), roan antelope (''Hippotragus equinus''), African buffalo (''Syncerus caffer''), and African elephant (''Loxodonta africana'', Henschel et al. 2014, McGrew et al. 2014, Lindshield et al. 2019). In addition to western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus''), the presence of several primate species has been confirmed, including green monkey (''Chlorocebus sabaeus''), patas monkey (''Erythrocebus patas''), lesser bushbaby (''Galago senegalensis''), and Guinea baboon (''Papio papio'', Lindshield et al. 2019). There are also more than 1500 plant species (BirdLife International 2019).

PNNK features a rich biodiversity with more than 70 mammal species, 329 bird species, 36 reptile species reptiles, 20 amphibian species and many species of invertebrates (BirdLife International 2019). Some of the present mammal species include lion (''Panthera leo''), leopard (''Panthera pardus''), African civet (''Civettictis civetta''), spotted hyena (''Crocuta crocuta''), roan antelope (''Hippotragus equinus''), African buffalo (''Syncerus caffer''), and African elephant (''Loxodonta africana'', Henschel et al. 2014, McGrew et al. 2014, Lindshield et al. 2019). In addition to western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus''), the presence of several primate species has been confirmed, including green monkey (''Chlorocebus sabaeus''), patas monkey (''Erythrocebus patas''), lesser bushbaby (''Galago senegalensis''), and Guinea baboon (''Papio papio'', Lindshield et al. 2019). There are also more than 1500 plant species (BirdLife International 2019).

 

'''Table 1. Basic site information for Niokolo-Koba National Park'''

'''Table 1: Basic site information for Niokolo-Koba National Park'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"

|Area            <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha    -->

|Area            <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha    -->

|-

|-

|Coordinates

|Coordinates

|13.02 N, 13.03 W

|13.031594 N, -13.068463 W

|-

|-

|Designation      <!-- National Park, Nature Reserve, etc.  -->

|Designation      <!-- National Park, Nature Reserve, etc.  -->

In 1967, De Bournonville confirmed the presence of chimpanzees in Niokolo-Koba National Park (De Bournonville 1967). McGrew et al. (1981) estimated the chimpanzee population size to be around 24 individuals based on studying unhabituated chimpanzees around Mt. Assirik. Similarly, Pruetz et al. (2002) estimated a population size of 23 individuals based on nest count surveys.

In 1967, De Bournonville confirmed the presence of chimpanzees in Niokolo-Koba National Park (De Bournonville 1967). McGrew et al. (1981) estimated the chimpanzee population size to be around 24 individuals based on studying unhabituated chimpanzees around Mt. Assirik. Similarly, Pruetz et al. (2002) estimated a population size of 23 individuals based on nest count surveys.

 

'''Table 2. Great ape population estimates in Niokolo-Koba National Park'''

'''Table 2: Great ape population estimates in Niokolo-Koba National Park'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"

! Species

! Species

! Year

! Year

! Abundance estimate (95% confidence interval)

! Abundance estimate (95% CI)

! Density estimate (per km²)

! Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)

! Encounter rate (nests/km)

! Encounter rate (nests/km)

! Area

! Area

There are plans to construct a dam 930 km upstream from the mouth of the Gambia River. While contributing to development by providing energy and irrigation opportunities, there are fears of environmental and social risks, especially for downstream wetlands and indirect impacts caused by population resettlement (BirdLife International 2019).

There are plans to construct a dam 930 km upstream from the mouth of the Gambia River. While contributing to development by providing energy and irrigation opportunities, there are fears of environmental and social risks, especially for downstream wetlands and indirect impacts caused by population resettlement (BirdLife International 2019).

 

'''Table 3. Threats to great apes in Niokolo-Koba National Park'''

'''Table 3: Threats to great apes in Niokolo-Koba National Park'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"

!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->

!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->

Niokolo-Koba National Park is managed by Direction des Parcs Nationaux (DPN). Conservation activities include anti-poaching patrols and road checkpoints (BirdLife International 2019, Lindshield at al. 20019). Park agents also engage with communities living close to the park to discourage illegal behavior, for example by supporting tourist guides, fishermen groups and providing veterinary assistance (BirdLife International 2019, Lindshield at al. 20019). The management plan from 2000 has expired and a request has been submitted to UNESCO to reniew the management plan (BirdLife International 2019, UNESCO 2019b).

Niokolo-Koba National Park is managed by Direction des Parcs Nationaux (DPN). Conservation activities include anti-poaching patrols and road checkpoints (BirdLife International 2019, Lindshield at al. 20019). Park agents also engage with communities living close to the park to discourage illegal behavior, for example by supporting tourist guides, fishermen groups and providing veterinary assistance (BirdLife International 2019, Lindshield at al. 20019). The management plan from 2000 has expired and a request has been submitted to UNESCO to reniew the management plan (BirdLife International 2019, UNESCO 2019b).

 

'''Table 4. Conservation activities in Niokolo-Koba National Park'''

'''Table 4: Conservation activities in Niokolo-Koba National Park'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"

!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->

!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->

[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]

[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]

= Impediments = <!-- Overview of impediments to ape conservation -->

= Challenges = <!-- Overview of impediments to ape conservation -->

No impediments have been reported.

No challenges have been reported.

'''Table 5: Impediments reported for Niokolo-Koba National Park'''

'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Niokolo-Koba National Park'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="impediments-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="impediments-table"

!align="left"|Impediment  <!-- Do not change categories -->

!align="left"|Impediment  <!-- Do not change categories -->

Research on chimpanzees in Niokolo-Koba National Park has been ongoing intermittently since the 1970s. A research site was established near Mt. Assirik by the Stirling African Primate Project (coordinated by William McGrew and Caroline Tutin) in 1976 to study the local chimpanzee community (Carter et al. 2003). Since then a wide variety of studies has been implemented on the ecology and social organization of chimpanzees, including diet, tool use and nesting behavior.

Research on chimpanzees in Niokolo-Koba National Park has been ongoing intermittently since the 1970s. A research site was established near Mt. Assirik by the Stirling African Primate Project (coordinated by William McGrew and Caroline Tutin) in 1976 to study the local chimpanzee community (Carter et al. 2003). Since then a wide variety of studies has been implemented on the ecology and social organization of chimpanzees, including diet, tool use and nesting behavior.

===Documented behaviours===  <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->

===Documented behaviours===  <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->

 

'''Table 6. Great ape behaviors reported for Niokolo-Koba National Park'''

'''Table 6: Great ape behaviors reported for Niokolo-Koba National Park'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"

!align="left"|Behavior  <!-- Do not change categories -->

!align="left"|Behavior  <!-- Do not change categories -->

|McGrew et al. 2003

|McGrew et al. 2003

|}

|}

= References =

= References =

UNESCO. 2019b. State of Conservation - Niokolo-Koba National Park. Online: [https://whc.unesco.org/en/soc/3851  whc.unesco.org/soc]<br>

UNESCO. 2019b. State of Conservation - Niokolo-Koba National Park. Online: [https://whc.unesco.org/en/soc/3851  whc.unesco.org/soc]<br>

'''Page completed by:''' A.P.E.S. Wiki Team '''Date:''' 21/11/2019  <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->

'''Page completed by:''' A.P.E.S. Wiki Team '''Date:''' 21/11/2019  <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->

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