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Line 1: − + − + − + − + − - Wiki site pages contain information in paragraphs of text, tables, keyword lists, and images+ − + − + − − − − to the relevant table or keyword list. This ensures that the same keyword always refers to the same concept, e.g. Everybody uses "Industrial mining", − rather than several keywords such as "Industrial mining", "Large-scale mining", and "Mining". + − [[Region]] > [[Country]] > [[Site]]+ − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + + + + − = Site characteristics = + − + − This section includes a paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, a brief history of the site and on animals and plants that are known to occur at the site. − − − − − + − + − + − + − + − |+ − + − + − + − <br> − − − + + − + − This section includes a brief summary of the survey history, the most recent abundance estimate, date of the estimate, and, if available, the population trend (if explicitely stated in a report/paper). − − − − − + − + − + Line 72:
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Line 73: + − This sections describes threats at the site, particularly those relevant for apes and thereby provides context for the threats listed in the table below.+ − − − − + − + − + − + − + − + − + Line 107:
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Line 178: + + − = Conservation activities = <!-- a text overview of conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->+ − − − This sections describes conservation interventions implemented at the site, including information on which organizations are implementing them and thereby provides context for the conservation activities listed in the table below. − − − − − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + − + + − + − | − + − + − + − + Line 270:
Line 257: + − + − = Impediments = <!-- Overview of impediments to ape conservation -->+ − + − + − Description of impediments that may hamper conservation activities. − − − − − − − + − − − − − Short description of past and ongoing research activities at the site. − − + − + − + − + − + − − [http://apesportal.eva.mpg.de/database/archiveMap A.P.E.S Portal] − − <br> − − + + − + − − <i>Please consider whether any information you would like to add is sensitive and could be misused to harm apes. Please do not add such information. If unsure, you can contact the Wiki manager (contact details on start page) for clarification.</i> − <br><br>
no edit summary
<!-- INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING SITE INFORMATION
<!-- INSTRUCTIONS FOR UPLOADING SITE INFORMATION
- Wiki pages contain information in paragraphs, tables, lists, and images.
- Please consider whether any information you would like to add is sensitive and could be misused to harm apes. Please do not add such information. If unsure, you can contact the Wiki manager (contact details on start page) for clarification.
- Text and images are not restricted, and their formats can be chosen as desired.
- Tables and lists are extracted as data, so the following restrictions apply to them:
1) Table structure cannot be changed.
- Text paragraphs and images are not restricted, so text format and images can be chosen as desired.
2) List format should not change, i.e. they are comma separated lists, not bullet points or numbered lists.
- Tables and keyword lists are extracted as data, and so have the following restrictions:
3) To make information comparable across wiki pages, keywords must be taken from the list of permitted words, or added to the list of permitted keywords. This is why we use official lists, e.g., IUCN classification lists, in our tables.
1) Table structure cannot be changed
2) Keyword format should not change, i.e. they are comma separated lists, not bullet points or numbered lists.
3) Keywords must be taken from the list of permitted words, or added to the list of permitted keywords. A link to the keyword list page is found adjacent
-->
-->
[[Asia]] > [[Vietnam]] > [[Dong Nai Nature Reserve]]
= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with one sentence for each section. May include a site map -->
<div style="float: right">
= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with a one sentence overview of each of the following sections. can include a site map -->
{{#display_map: height=200px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap
|11.405678, 107.232591~[[Dong Nai Nature Reserve]]~Yellow-cheeked gibbons
* Ape taxa present
}}
* Ape population size
</div>
* Ape population trend
* Yellow-cheeked gibbons (''Nomascus gabriellae'') are present in Dong Nai Nature Reserve.
* This site has a total size of XX km².
* A minimum of 17 groups were estimated to inhabit the site in 2010.
* Key threats to apes are ...
* The gibbon population trend is unknown.
* Additional information
* The site has a total size of 100,303 hectares (including 32,400 ha of Tri An Reservoir).
* Key threats to gibbons are hunting, logging, roads and agricultural encroachment.
* Conservation activities include a trial for establishing another gibbon population in the reserve.
= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->
Dong Nai Nature Reserve is located in the Dong Nai Province, Vietnam. Dong Nai Nature Reserve is one of the most important conservation areas in Vietnam as the site contains a high biodiversity richness. The landscape of the nature reserve is dominated by lowland semi evergreen forest, and the elevation ranges from 100 to 340 m above sea level. The reserve is one of the most important strategic watershed forests of the Dong Nai River and Tri An hydropower dam which provides drinking water for the second most populated and industrial area of Vietnam (Nguyen Manh Ha et al. 2010).
'''Table 1. Basic site information for Dong Nai Nature Reserve'''
'''Table 1: Basic site information for XXXX'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"
| Area <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha -->
| Area <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha -->
|
|100 km²
|-
|-
| Coordinates
|Coordinates
|
|11.405678, 107.232591
|-
|-
| Designation <!-- National Park, Nature Reserve, etc. -->
|Designation
|Nature Reserve
|-
|-
|Habitat types <!-- List IUCN Habitat Classification 3.0 categories present (Without number), see link below -->
|Habitat types <!-- List IUCN Habitat Classification 3.0 categories present (without number), see link below -->
|
|Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest
|}
|}
[http://www.unitar.org/hiroshima/sites/unitar.org.hiroshima/files/Annex%201%20-%20IUCN%20Classification%20Schemes.pdf IUCN habitat categories] [[Site designations]]
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/habitat-classification-scheme IUCN habitat categories] [[Site designations]]
= Ape status = <!-- a text overview of ape status (population sizes, trends etc), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->
= Ape status = <!--An overview of ape population status (population sizes, trends, etc.), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->
Surveys in 2010 recorded 15 groups of ''N. gabriellae'' with at least 31 individuals, including 13 males, 10 females and 8 juveniles, identified by their distinctive calls (Nguyen Manh Ha et al. 2010). In total, 69 survey days were spent surveying 34 listening posts and 34 transects. Gibbons have been extirpated in some parts of the reserve, probably due to intensive hunting and logging over the past few decades. Most gibbons persist in areas close to Cat Tien National Park, and this is probably due to better habitat and protection spill-over from the park (Nguyen Manh Ha et al. 2010).
'''Table 2. Ape population estimates in Dong Nai Nature Reserve'''
'''Table 2: Ape population estimates in XXXX'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"
! Species
! Species
! Year
! Year
! Abundance estimate (95% confidence interval)
! Total number indiv. (95% CI)
! Density estimate (per km²)
! Total number groups (95% CI)
! Encounter rate (nests/km)
! Density [groups/km²] (95% CI)
! Area
! Area
! Method
! Method
! A.P.E.S. database ID
! A.P.E.S. database ID
|-
|-
|''Nomascus gabriellae''
|2010
|31
|15
|
|
|
|Vinh An area, Ma Da sector, Hieu Liem sector of the reserve, approx. 200 km2
|
|Fixed-point triangulation, Line transects (Distance), interview survey
|
|Nguyen Manh Ha et al. 2010
|
|Minimum of 17 groups and 31 individuals.
|
|
|}
|}
= Threats = <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats -->
= Threats = <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats -->
Hunting and logging are the key threats to ''N. gabriellae'' in this reserve; gibbons are still often sourced for the wildlife trade from this location, with an estimated minimum of five animals traded per year (Rawson et al. 2011). Forest quality is poor in areas previously logged. Several roads bisect the site and agricultural encroachment is occurring along these (Nguyen Manh Ha et al. 2010).
'''Table 3. Threats to apes in Dong Nai Nature Reserve'''
'''Table 3: Threats to apes in XXXX'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"
!align="left"|Category <!-- Do not change threat categories -->
!align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE THREAT CATEGORIES -->
!Specific threats <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the list linked below -->
!Specific threats <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the IUCN list linked below -->
!Threat level <!-- For threat level, please use keywords: unknown, low, high -->
!Threat level <!-- For threat level, please use keywords: low, medium, high, present, absent, unknown-->
!Quantified severity <!-- e.g., encounter rate, number of miners etc. (with reference)-->
!Quantified severity <!-- Enter any available quantification of the threat, e.g., the proportion of the area affected by the threat, hunting sign encounter rates-->
!Description <!-- You can add descriptive information here -->
!Description <!-- Add descriptive information -->
!Year of threat <!-- if ongoing or unknown add year of reference in brackets-->
!Year of threat <!-- Enter specific year(s), “ongoing”, or “unknown”. If the threat is ongoing, please add the year of reference in parentheses -->
|-
|-
|1. Residential & commercial development
|1. Residential & commercial development
|
|
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
|2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops
|High
|
|
|
|Agricultural encroachment (Rawson et al. 2011).
|
|Ongoing (2011)
|-
|-
|3. Energy production & mining
|3. Energy production & mining
|
|
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|4. Transportation & service corridors
|4. Transportation & service corridors
|4.1 Roads & railroads
|High
|
|
|
|Several roads bisect the site, driving further habitat destruction (Nguyen Manh Ha et al. 2010).
|
|Ongoing (2010)
|-
|-
|5. Biological resource use
|5. Biological resource use
|5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals
|High
|
|
|Illegal hunting with guns (Rawson et al. 2011).
|Ongoing (2011)
|-
|
|
|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
|High
|
|
|
|Illegal logging (Rawson et al. 2011).
|
|Ongoing (2011)
|-
|-
|6. Human intrusions & disturbance
|6. Human intrusion & disturbance
|
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|
|7. Natural system modifications
|7. Natural system modifications
|
|
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
|
|
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|
|9. Pollution
|9. Pollution
|
|
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|
|10. Geological Events
|10. Geological Events
|
|
|
|Absent
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|11. Climate change & severe weather
| 11. Climate change & severe weather
|
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|
|12. Other options
|12. Other options
|
|
|
|Absent
|
|
|
|
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list]
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list]
= Conservation activities = <!-- A summary of the conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->
In August 2011, two groups of gibbons were released into this reserve and monitored to assess whether more gibbons could be introduced here from the Dao Tien Rescue Centre with the aim of establishing another gibbon population (Rawson et al. 2011).
'''Table 4. Conservation activities in Dong Nai Nature Reserve'''
'''Table 4: Conservation activities in XXXX'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"
!align="left"|Category <!-- Do not change threat categories -->
!align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE CATEGORIES -->
!Specific activity <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the list linked below -->
!Specific activity <!-- For specific threats, please use list from the list linked below, OR enter “Not reported” -->
!Description <!-- You can add descriptive information here -->
!Description <!-- Add descriptive information -->
!Year of activity <!-- if ongoing or unknown add year of reference in brackets -->
!Year of activity <!-- Add descriptive information -->
|-
|-
|1. Residential & commercial development
|1. Residential & commercial development
|
|Not reported
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
|
|Not reported
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|3. Energy production & mining
|3. Energy production & mining
|
|Not reported
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|4. Transportation & service corridors
|4. Transportation & service corridors
|
|Not reported
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|5. Biological resource use
|5. Biological resource use
|
|Not reported
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|6. Human intrusions & disturbance
|6. Human intrusion & disturbance
|
|Not reported
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|7. Natural system modifications
|7. Natural system modifications
|
|Not reported
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
|
|Not reported
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|9. Pollution
|9. Pollution
|
|Not reported
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|10. Education & Awareness
|10. Education & Awareness
|
|Not reported
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|11. Habitat Protection
|11. Habitat Protection
|11.2. Legally protect primate habitat
|
|
|
|Ongoing (2023)
|-
|-
|12. Species Management
|12. Species Management
|
|12.15. Reintroduce primates in groups
|
|Two gibbons groups introduced into the reserve (Rawson et al. 2011).
|
|2011
|-
|-
|13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives
|13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives
|
|Not reported
|
|
|
|
[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]
[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]
= Challenges = <!-- Overview of challenges in ape conservation -->
'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Dong Nai Nature Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="challenges-table"
!align="left"|Challenge <!-- Do not change categories -->
!Source <!-- Source for challenge mentioned -->
'''Table 5: Impediments reported for XXXX'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="impediments-table"
!align="left"|Impediment <!-- Do not change categories -->
!Source <!-- source for impediment mentioned -->
|-
|-
|
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|-
|}
|}
= Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities -->
= Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities -->
===Documented behaviours=== <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->
===Documented behaviours=== <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->
'''Table 6: Ape behaviors reported for XXXX'''
'''Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Dong Nai Nature Reserve'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"
!align="left"|Behavior <!-- Do not change categories -->
!align="left"|Behavior
!Source <!-- source for behavior -->
!Source
|-
|-
|
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|-
|}
|}
=External links=
===Relevant datasets===
= References =
= References =
Nguyen Manh Ha, Nguyen Hoang Hao, Tran Duc Dung, Nguyen Manh Diep, Pham Van Nong, Report of yellow-cheeked crested gibbon (Nomascus gabriellae) survey in Dong Nai Nature Reserve, Dong Nai province, Vietnam. Fauna & Flora International/Conservation International, Hanoi, Vietnam. <br>
Rawson, B. M, Insua-Cao, P., Nguyen Manh Ha, Van Ngoc Thinh, Hoang Minh Duc, Mahood, S., Geissmann, T. and Roos, C. (2011). The Conservation Status of Gibbons in Vietnam. Fauna & Flora International/Conservation International, Hanoi, Vietnam. <br>
<br>
<br>
'''Page completed by:'''XXXX ''' Date:''' DD/MM/YY <br>
'''Page completed by: '''A.P.E.S. Wiki team''' Date:''' 03/04/2023 <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->