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Semenggoh Nature Reserve (view source)
Revision as of 14:09, 14 September 2023
, 14:09, 14 September 2023no edit summary
* Conservation activities have focused on orangutan rehabilitation, ecotourism, raising awareness and education.
* Conservation activities have focused on orangutan rehabilitation, ecotourism, raising awareness and education.
* Semi-wild orangutans inhabit the site.
* Semi-wild orangutans inhabit the site.
<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;">[[File: Orangutan_eating_Semenggoh.JPG | 300px | thumb| right | © Isabel Ordaz-Nemeth]]
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File: Orangutan_Semenggoh.JPG | 300px | thumb| right | © Isabel Ordaz-Nemeth]]
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File: Orangutan2_Semenggoh.JPG | 300px | thumb| right | © Isabel Ordaz-Nemeth]]
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File: road_Semenggoh.JPG | 300px | thumb| right | © Isabel Ordaz-Nemeth]]
</ul></div>
= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->
= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->
The nature reserve is located in the Malaysian state of Sarawak, in the northwest of Borneo. The site was first designated as a Forest Reserve in 1920 and subsequently used as a botanical research plot ([https://semenggoh.my/about-us/ SFC n.d.]). In 1975 the Semenggoh Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre was established as part of the reserve, with the aim of rehabilitating orangutans and other wildlife species in Sarawak (SFC n.d.). Semenggoh Forest Reserve was declared as Semenggoh Nature Reserve in 2000. In the same year, the Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre was renamed as the Semenggoh Wildlife Centre. The name is derived from the Semenggoh river, which runs through the reserve. Semi-wild orangutans inhabit the site; they spend most of the time roaming freely in the forest, but occasionally visit feeding platforms that are provisioned daily (SFC n.d.). In addition to orangutans, the site is also home to giant squirrels, pygmy squirrels, gibbons and a wide variety of birds (SFC n.d.).
The nature reserve is located in the Malaysian state of Sarawak, in the northwest of Borneo. The site was first designated as a Forest Reserve in 1920 and subsequently used as a botanical research plot ([https://semenggoh.my/about-us/ SFC]). In 1975 the Semenggoh Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre was established as part of the reserve, with the aim of rehabilitating orangutans and other wildlife species in Sarawak ([https://semenggoh.my/about-us/ SFC]). Semenggoh Forest Reserve was declared as Semenggoh Nature Reserve in 2000. In the same year, the Wildlife Rehabilitation Centre was renamed as the Semenggoh Wildlife Centre. The name is derived from the Semenggoh river, which runs through the reserve. Semi-wild orangutans inhabit the site; they spend most of the time roaming freely in the forest, but occasionally visit feeding platforms that are provisioned daily. In addition to orangutans, the site is also home to giant squirrels, pygmy squirrels, gibbons and a wide variety of birds ([https://semenggoh.my/about-us/ SFC]).
'''Table 1. Basic site information for Semenggoh Nature Reserve'''
'''Table 1. Basic site information for Semenggoh Nature Reserve'''
|-
|-
|Coordinates
|Coordinates
|1.392031 N, 110.299506 E
|1.392031, 110.299506
|-
|-
|Designation
|Designation
|Full count
|Full count
|Tisen & Silang 2016
|Tisen & Silang 2016
|
|
|-
|''Pongo pygmaeus pygmaeus''
|2023
|29
|
|
|Semenggoh Nature Reserve
|Full count
|Azizi Bin Ahmad Zaini pers. comm. 2023
|
|
|
|
|Present, but threat severity unknown
|Present, but threat severity unknown
|
|
|Risk of infection due to human presence, including Covid-19 (Ali 2021).
|Risk of infection due to human presence, including Covid-19 (Ali 2021), and pulmonary diseases (Azizi Bin Ahmad Zaini pers. comm. 2023).
|Ongoing (Ali 2021)
|Ongoing (2023)
|-
|-
|9. Pollution
|9. Pollution
= Conservation activities = <!-- A summary of the conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->
= Conservation activities = <!-- A summary of the conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->
<div><ul>
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File: Main_platform_Semenggoh.JPG | 300px | thumb| right | © Isabel Ordaz-Nemeth]]
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File: Tourists_Semenggoh.JPG | 300px | thumb| right | © Isabel Ordaz-Nemeth]]
<li style="display: inline-block;"> [[File: visitor_center_Semenggoh.JPG | 300px | thumb| right |© Isabel Ordaz-Nemeth]]
</ul></div>
A rehabilitation program for orangutans was created at the site in 1975. By 1990 there was a growing population of semi-wild orangutans. Due to the small size of the site, the rehabilitation program was moved to Matang Wildlife Centre in 1998. Since the year 2000, Semenggoh Wildlife Centre has been used for the quarantine and transit of wildlife before being sent to Matang. The wildlife centre is still active in conservation awareness and education for schools and the public (Tisen & Silang 2016).
A rehabilitation program for orangutans was created at the site in 1975. By 1990 there was a growing population of semi-wild orangutans. Due to the small size of the site, the rehabilitation program was moved to Matang Wildlife Centre in 1998. Since the year 2000, Semenggoh Wildlife Centre has been used for the quarantine and transit of wildlife before being sent to Matang. The wildlife centre is still active in conservation awareness and education for schools and the public (Tisen & Silang 2016).
|5. Biological resource use
|5. Biological resource use
|5.6. Conduct regular anti-poaching patrols
|5.6. Conduct regular anti-poaching patrols
|Every month, rangers spend entire nights in the reserve to ward off poachers. Sometimes, they also use drones to help them patrol the area (Ali 2021).
|Regular patrols to monitor orangutans, secure the reserve from trespassing and poaching (Azizi Bin Ahmad Zaini pers. comm. 2023).
|Ongoing (2021)
|Ongoing (2023)
|-
|-
|6. Human intrusion & disturbance
|6. Human intrusion & disturbance
|-
|-
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
|Not reported
|8.9. Limit time that researchers/tourists are allowed to spend with habituated animals
|
|
|Tourists are only allowed to watch orangutans twice a day for two hours each time (Azizi Bin Ahmad Zaini pers. comm. 2023).
|Ongoing (2023)
|-
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
|8.16. Treat sick/injured animals
| In case of illness/injury, a veterinarian is available (Azizi Bin Ahmad Zaini pers. comm. 2023).
|Ongoing (2023)
|-
|-
|9. Pollution
|9. Pollution
|10. Education & Awareness
|10. Education & Awareness
|10.1. Educate local communities about primates and sustainable use
|10.1. Educate local communities about primates and sustainable use
|The wildlife centre is active in nature and wildlife awareness programs for schools and the public ([https://semenggoh.my/about-us/ SFC n.d.]).
|The wildlife centre is active in nature and wildlife awareness programs for schools and the public ([https://semenggoh.my/about-us/ SFC]).
|Ongoing
|Ongoing
|-
|-
|11. Habitat Protection
|11. Habitat Protection
|Not reported
|11.2. Legally protect primate habitat
|
|The site is a nature reserve.
|
|Ongoing (2023)
|-
|-
|12. Species Management
|12. Species Management
|12.24. Rehabilitate injured/orphaned primates
|12.24. Rehabilitate injured/orphaned primates
|Care of orangutans that have been injured in the forests, orphaned or kept illegally as pets. After rehabilitation, the animals would eventually be released back into the wild ([https://semenggoh.my/about-us/ SFC n.d.]).
|Care of orangutans that have been injured in the forests, orphaned or kept illegally as pets. After rehabilitation, the animals would eventually be released back into the wild ([https://semenggoh.my/about-us/ SFC]).
|1975-2000
|1975-2000
|-
|12. Species Management
|Other
|Planting of fruit trees for orangutans (Azizi Bin Ahmad Zaini pers. comm. 2023).
|Ongoing (2023)
|-
|
|12.6. Regularly and continuously provide supplementary food to primates
|Supplementary food is provided everyday twice a day (Azizi Bin Ahmad Zaini pers. comm. 2023).
|Ongoing (2023)
|-
|-
|13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives
|13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives
|13.4. Run tourist projects and ensure permanent human presence at site
|13.4. Run tourist projects and ensure permanent human presence at site
|The site is open to tourists and offers ecotourism activities ([https://semenggoh.my/about-us/ SFC n.d.]).
|The site is open to tourists and offers ecotourism activities ([https://semenggoh.my/about-us/ SFC]).
|Ongoing
|Ongoing (2023)
|-
|-
|}
|}
= Challenges = <!-- Overview of challenges in ape conservation -->
= Challenges = <!-- Overview of challenges in ape conservation -->
[File: feeding_platform_Semenggoh.JPG | 300px | thumb| right |© Isabel Ordaz-Nemeth]
Ecotourism at the site brings both benefits and challenges; the main challenge is to ensure large numbers of tourists stay at the permitted distance from orangutans in the occasions when orangutans appear by the road in the reserve and not on the feeding platforms (Azizi Bin Ahmad Zaini pers. comm. 2023).
'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Semenggoh Nature Reserve'''
'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Semenggoh Nature Reserve'''
!Source <!-- Source for challenge mentioned -->
!Source <!-- Source for challenge mentioned -->
|-
|-
|Not reported
|Ensure tourists follow the rules when visiting.
|
|(Azizi Bin Ahmad Zaini pers. comm. 2023).
|-
|-
|}
|}
[https://semenggoh.my/ Semenggoh Nature Reserve]]
[https://semenggoh.my/ Semenggoh Nature Reserve]]
= References =
= References =
<br>
<br>
'''Page completed by: '''A.P.E.S. Wiki team''' Date:''' 29/10/2021 <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->
'''Page completed by: '''A.P.E.S. Wiki team''' Date:''' 14/09/2023 <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->