Difference between revisions of "Testseite2"

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[[West Africa]] > [[Mali]] > [[Testseite]]
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<!-- INSTRUCTIONS FOR UPLOADING SITE INFORMATION
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= Summary XXX=
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- Wiki pages contain information in paragraphs, tables, lists, and images.
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- Text and images are not restricted, and their formats can be chosen as desired.  
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{{#display_map: height=240px | width=320px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=7 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap|12.90, -10.58~[[Bafing]]~Western Chimpanzee}}
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- Tables and lists are extracted as data, so the following restrictions apply to them:
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  1) Table structure cannot be changed.
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* Western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus'') are present in Bafing.
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  2) List format should not change, i.e. they are comma separated lists, not bullet points or numbered lists.  
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* It has been estimated that between 417-1,408 individuals occurred in the site in 1993.
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  3) To make information comparable across wiki pages, keywords must be taken from the list of permitted words, or added to the list of permitted keywords. This is why we use official lists, e.g., IUCN classification lists, in our tables.
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* The chimpanzee population trend is unknown.  
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-->
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* This site has a total size of 5000  km².  
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[[East Africa]] > [[Tanzania]] > [[Southern Tanganyika]]
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* Key threats to chimpanzees is habitat degradation due to subsistence farming.  
 
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* No conservation activities were reported for Bafing.
 
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* Hottest and driest place in which western chimpanzees exist. Chimpanzees do not seem to be restricted to riverine forest, but are spread widely through woodland.
 
  
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= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with one sentence for each section. May include a site map -->
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* Eastern chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii'') are present in Southern Tanganyika.
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* It has been estimated that approximately 100 chimpanzees are found in the site.
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* The population trend is unknown.
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* Key threats to chimpanzees are logging, fires, and agricultural expansion.
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* Conservation activities have focused on monitoring the population.
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* The area holds the most southerly wild chimpanzee population in Africa.
  
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= Site characteristics =
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= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->
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[[File:MLI_Bafing_1.jpg|400px|thumb|right|Bafing (Mali) © E.Terrade]]
 
  
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{| class="basic-information"
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The site is located in western Tanzania, along the southern shores of Lake Tanganyika. The chimpanzee population in this area represents the most southerly wild chimpanzee population in Africa (TAWIRI 2018). The region contains large tracts of intact woodland characterised by Brachystegia sp. and Julbernardia spp. that provide high-quality habitat for a variety of species, including chimpanzees, savanna elephants and zebras (TAWIRI 2018).
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! Kopf 1
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! Kopf 2
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'''Table 1. Basic site information for Southern Tanganyika'''
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! Kopf 3
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"
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| Area <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha -->
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|
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|-
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|Coordinates
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| -7.937187 S, 30.970704 E
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|-
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|Designation
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|Unclassified
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|-
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|Habitat types <!-- List IUCN Habitat Classification 3.0 categories present (without number), see link below -->
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|Subtropical/tropical dry forest, subtropical/tropical dry grassland
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|}
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[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/habitat-classification-scheme IUCN habitat categories] [[Site designations]]
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= Ape status = <!--An overview of ape population status (population sizes, trends, etc.), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->
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Approximately 100 chimpanzees survive in the area, which spans from the south of Kipili to the north of Kalambo Falls, across two protected areas i.e., Lwafi Game Reserve and Loasi Forest Reserve. However, most of them are found outside protected areas (TAWIRI 2018).
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'''Table 2. Ape population estimates in Southern Tanganyika'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"
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! Species
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! Year
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! Abundance estimate (95% CI)
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! Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
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! Encounter rate (nests/km)
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! Area
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! Method
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! Source
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! Comments
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! A.P.E.S. database ID
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|-
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|''Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii''
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|}
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= Threats =    <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats -->
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Chimpanzees in the area are highly threatened by habitat loss. Destruction and degradation of their habitat, especially loss of riparian forest, comes from the expansion of agricultural activities and logging for timber and charcoal production (TAWIRI 2018).
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'''Table 3. Threats to apes in Southern Tanganyika'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"
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!align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE THREAT CATEGORIES -->
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!Specific threats <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the IUCN list linked below -->
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!Threat level <!-- For threat level, please use keywords: low, medium, high, present, absent, unknown-->
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!Quantified severity <!-- Enter any available quantification of the threat, e.g., the proportion of the area affected by the threat, hunting sign encounter rates-->
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!Description <!-- Add descriptive information -->
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!Year of threat <!--  Enter specific year(s), “ongoing”, or “unknown”. If the threat is ongoing, please add the year of reference in parentheses -->
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|-
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|1. Residential & commercial development
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|
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|Unknown
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|
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|
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|
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|-
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|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
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|2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops
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|High
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|
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|Forests and grasslands are cleared for commercial agriculture (WCS n.d., TAWIRI 2018).
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|Ongoing (2018)
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|-
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|3. Energy production & mining
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|
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|Unknown
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|
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|
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|
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|-
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|4. Transportation & service corridors
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|Unknown
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|
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|-
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|5. Biological resource use
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|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
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|High
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|
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|Logging related to charcoal and timber production (WCS n.d., TAWIRI 2018).
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|Ongoing (2018)
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|-
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|6. Human intrusion & disturbance
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|
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|Unknown
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|
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|
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|
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|-
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|7. Natural system modifications
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|7.1 Fire & fire suppression
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|Present, but threat severity unknown
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|
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|Uncontrolled fires (WCS n.d.).
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|Ongoing
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|-
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|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
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|
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|Unknown
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|
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|
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|-
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|9. Pollution
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|
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|Unknown
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|
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|
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|
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|-
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|10. Geological Events
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|
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|Absent
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|
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|
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|-
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| 11. Climate change & severe weather
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|
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|Unknown
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|-
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|12. Other options
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|
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|Absent
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|-
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|}
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[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list]
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= Conservation activities =      <!-- A summary of the conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->
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The area is included in WCS' Southern Highlands Conservation Program, which was set up in 2000 to conserve key upland habitats and endangered species across southwest Tanzania (WCS n.d.). Chimpanzees are the focus of research and monitoring along the southern shores of Lake Tanganyika, and the first nationwide census and assessment of their habitat has been performed (WCS n.d.). The IUCN's "Eastern Chimpanzee Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan 2010–2020" and the "Tanzania Chimpanzee Conservation Action Plan 2018-2023" identified southern Tanganyka as an important target for conservation actions (TAWIRI 2018, Plumptre et al. 2010).
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'''Table 4. Conservation activities in Southern Tanganyika'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"
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!align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE CATEGORIES -->
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!Specific activity <!-- For specific threats, please use list from the list linked below, OR enter “Not reported” -->
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!Description <!-- Add descriptive information -->
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!Year of activity <!-- Add descriptive information -->
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|-
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|1. Residential & commercial development
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|Not reported
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|
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|
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|-
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|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
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|Not reported
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|
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|
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|-
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|3. Energy production & mining
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|Not reported
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|
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|
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|-
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|4. Transportation & service corridors
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|Not reported
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|
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|
 
|-
 
|-
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| Zeile 1, Spalte 1
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|5. Biological resource use
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| Zeile 1, Spalte 2
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|Not reported
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| Zeile 1, Spalte 3
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|
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|
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|-
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|6. Human intrusion & disturbance
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|Not reported
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|
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|
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|-
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|7. Natural system modifications
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|Not reported
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|
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|
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|-
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|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
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|Not reported
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|
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|
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|-
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|9. Pollution
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|Not reported
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|
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|
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|-
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|10. Education & Awareness
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|Not reported
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|
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|
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|-
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|11. Habitat Protection
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|Not reported
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|
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|
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|-
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|12. Species Management
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|Not reported
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|
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|
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|-
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|13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives
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|Not reported
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|-
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| Zeile 2, Spalte 1
 
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| Zeile 2, Spalte 2
 
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| Zeile 2, Spalte 3
 
 
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|}
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[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]
  
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[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/habitat-classification-scheme IUCN habitat categories] [[Site designations]]
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= Challenges = <!-- Overview of challenges in ape conservation -->
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'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Southern Tanganyika'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="challenges-table"
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!align="left"|Challenge <!-- Do not change categories -->
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!Source <!-- Source for challenge mentioned -->
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|-
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|Not reported
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|
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|-
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|}
  
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= Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities -->
  
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'''Tabelle2'''
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===Documented behaviours===  <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->
  
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{| border=1 cellpadding=5 cellspacing=0 class="basic-information"  
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'''Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Southern Tanganyika'''
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|Area
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"
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|5000 km²
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!align="left"|Behavior
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!Source
 
|-
 
|-
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|Coordinates
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|Not reported
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|12.90, -10.58
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|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
  
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= External links =
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[https://tanzania.wcs.org/Landscapes/Southern-Highlands.aspx WCS - Southern Highlands]
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=== Relevant datasets ===
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[http://apesportal.eva.mpg.de/database/archiveMap A.P.E.S Portal]
  
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[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list]
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= References =
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TAWIRI. (2018). Tanzania Chimpanzee Conservation Action Plan 2018-2023. TAWIRI Contact: info@tawiri.or.tz <br>
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WCS (n.d.). Landscapes: The Southern Highlands. https://tanzania.wcs.org/Landscapes/Southern-Highlands.aspx <br>
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Plumptre, A.J., Rose, R., Nangendo, G., Williamson, E.A., Didier, K., Hart, J., Mulindahabi, F., Hicks, C., Griffin, B., Ogawa, H., Nixon, S., Pintea, L., Vosper, A., McClennan, M., Amsini, F., McNeilage, A., Makana, J.R., Kanamori, M., Hernandez, A., Piel, A., Stewart, F., Moore, J., Zamma, K., Nakamura, M., Kamenya, S., Idani, G., Sakamaki, T., Yoshikawa, M., Greer, D., Tranquilli, S., Beyers, R., Furuichi, T., Hashimoto, C. and Bennett, E. (2010). Eastern Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii): Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan 2010–2020. IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group, Gland, Switzerland. 52pp. <br>
 +
 
 +
<br>
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'''Page completed by: '''A.P.E.S. Wiki team''' Date:''' 14/11/2021 <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->

Latest revision as of 12:35, 9 October 2024

East Africa > Tanzania > Southern Tanganyika

Summary

  • Eastern chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) are present in Southern Tanganyika.
  • It has been estimated that approximately 100 chimpanzees are found in the site.
  • The population trend is unknown.
  • Key threats to chimpanzees are logging, fires, and agricultural expansion.
  • Conservation activities have focused on monitoring the population.
  • The area holds the most southerly wild chimpanzee population in Africa.

Site characteristics

The site is located in western Tanzania, along the southern shores of Lake Tanganyika. The chimpanzee population in this area represents the most southerly wild chimpanzee population in Africa (TAWIRI 2018). The region contains large tracts of intact woodland characterised by Brachystegia sp. and Julbernardia spp. that provide high-quality habitat for a variety of species, including chimpanzees, savanna elephants and zebras (TAWIRI 2018).

Table 1. Basic site information for Southern Tanganyika

Area
Coordinates -7.937187 S, 30.970704 E
Designation Unclassified
Habitat types Subtropical/tropical dry forest, subtropical/tropical dry grassland

IUCN habitat categories Site designations

Ape status

Approximately 100 chimpanzees survive in the area, which spans from the south of Kipili to the north of Kalambo Falls, across two protected areas i.e., Lwafi Game Reserve and Loasi Forest Reserve. However, most of them are found outside protected areas (TAWIRI 2018).

Table 2. Ape population estimates in Southern Tanganyika

Species Year Abundance estimate (95% CI) Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI) Encounter rate (nests/km) Area Method Source Comments A.P.E.S. database ID
Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii

Threats

Chimpanzees in the area are highly threatened by habitat loss. Destruction and degradation of their habitat, especially loss of riparian forest, comes from the expansion of agricultural activities and logging for timber and charcoal production (TAWIRI 2018).

Table 3. Threats to apes in Southern Tanganyika

Category Specific threats Threat level Quantified severity Description Year of threat
1. Residential & commercial development Unknown
2. Agriculture & aquaculture 2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops High Forests and grasslands are cleared for commercial agriculture (WCS n.d., TAWIRI 2018). Ongoing (2018)
3. Energy production & mining Unknown
4. Transportation & service corridors Unknown
5. Biological resource use 5.3 Logging & wood harvesting High Logging related to charcoal and timber production (WCS n.d., TAWIRI 2018). Ongoing (2018)
6. Human intrusion & disturbance Unknown
7. Natural system modifications 7.1 Fire & fire suppression Present, but threat severity unknown Uncontrolled fires (WCS n.d.). Ongoing
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases Unknown
9. Pollution Unknown
10. Geological Events Absent
11. Climate change & severe weather Unknown
12. Other options Absent

IUCN Threats list

Conservation activities

The area is included in WCS' Southern Highlands Conservation Program, which was set up in 2000 to conserve key upland habitats and endangered species across southwest Tanzania (WCS n.d.). Chimpanzees are the focus of research and monitoring along the southern shores of Lake Tanganyika, and the first nationwide census and assessment of their habitat has been performed (WCS n.d.). The IUCN's "Eastern Chimpanzee Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan 2010–2020" and the "Tanzania Chimpanzee Conservation Action Plan 2018-2023" identified southern Tanganyka as an important target for conservation actions (TAWIRI 2018, Plumptre et al. 2010).

Table 4. Conservation activities in Southern Tanganyika

Category Specific activity Description Year of activity
1. Residential & commercial development Not reported
2. Agriculture & aquaculture Not reported
3. Energy production & mining Not reported
4. Transportation & service corridors Not reported
5. Biological resource use Not reported
6. Human intrusion & disturbance Not reported
7. Natural system modifications Not reported
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases Not reported
9. Pollution Not reported
10. Education & Awareness Not reported
11. Habitat Protection Not reported
12. Species Management Not reported
13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives Not reported

Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)

Challenges

Table 5. Challenges reported for Southern Tanganyika

Challenge Source
Not reported

Research activities

Documented behaviours

Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Southern Tanganyika

Behavior Source
Not reported

External links

WCS - Southern Highlands

Relevant datasets

A.P.E.S Portal

References

TAWIRI. (2018). Tanzania Chimpanzee Conservation Action Plan 2018-2023. TAWIRI Contact: info@tawiri.or.tz
WCS (n.d.). Landscapes: The Southern Highlands. https://tanzania.wcs.org/Landscapes/Southern-Highlands.aspx
Plumptre, A.J., Rose, R., Nangendo, G., Williamson, E.A., Didier, K., Hart, J., Mulindahabi, F., Hicks, C., Griffin, B., Ogawa, H., Nixon, S., Pintea, L., Vosper, A., McClennan, M., Amsini, F., McNeilage, A., Makana, J.R., Kanamori, M., Hernandez, A., Piel, A., Stewart, F., Moore, J., Zamma, K., Nakamura, M., Kamenya, S., Idani, G., Sakamaki, T., Yoshikawa, M., Greer, D., Tranquilli, S., Beyers, R., Furuichi, T., Hashimoto, C. and Bennett, E. (2010). Eastern Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii): Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan 2010–2020. IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group, Gland, Switzerland. 52pp.


Page completed by: A.P.E.S. Wiki team Date: 14/11/2021

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