Difference between revisions of "Bu Gia Map National Park"

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[[Asia]] > [[Vietnam]] > [[Bu Gia Map National Park]]
  
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[[Region]] > [[Country]] > [[Site]]
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<div style="float: right">{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap|12.141419, 107.185768~[[Bu Gia Map National Park]]~'Nomascus gabriellae''}}</div>
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* Southern yellow-cheeked gibbons (''Nomascus gabriellae'') are present in Bu Gia Map National Park.
 +
* It has been estimated that 124 (95% CI: 122-132) groups occur in the site.
 +
* The gibbon population trend is unknown.
 +
* The site has a total size of 260 km².
 +
* Key threats to gibbons include logging, agricultural encroachment, hunting, and illegal pet trade.
 +
* Conservation activities have focused on environmental education, species threat assessments, and training of park staff in survey methods.
  
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= Summary =  <!-- An overview of the site, with a one sentence overview of each of the following sections. can include a site map -->
 
  
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* Ape taxa present
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= Site characteristics =
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* Ape population size
 
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* Ape population trend
 
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* This site has a total size of XX km².
 
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* Key threats to apes are ...
 
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* Additional information
 
  
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Bu Gia Map National Park is located in southern Vietnam. Together with Cat Tien National Park, the parks hold the largest population of southern yellow-cheeked gibbons in the country (Rawson et al. 2011).
  
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= Site characteristics =
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'''Table 1. Basic site information for Bu Gia Map National Park'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table"
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|Species
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This section includes a paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, a brief history of the site and on animals and plants that are known to occur at the site.
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|'Nomascus gabriellae''
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+
|-
−
 
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|Area
−
 
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|260 km²
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'''Table 1: Basic site information for XXXX'''
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|-
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"
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|Coordinates
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| Area             <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha    -->
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|Lat: 12.141419 , Lon: 107.185768
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Coordinates
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|Type of site
−
|
+
|Protected area (National Park)
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Designation      <!-- National Park, Nature Reserve, etc.  -->
+
|Habitat types
−
|
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|Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Habitat types    <!-- List IUCN Habitat Classification 3.0 categories present (Without number), see link below -->
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|Type of governance
 
|
 
|
 
|}
 
|}
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[http://www.unitar.org/hiroshima/sites/unitar.org.hiroshima/files/Annex%201%20-%20IUCN%20Classification%20Schemes.pdf IUCN habitat categories]  [[Site designations]]
 
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<br>
 
  
 +
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/habitat-classification-scheme IUCN habitat categories] [[Site designations]]
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= Ape status =
  
 +
At Bu Gia Map National Park, gibbon populations are partly contiguous with those in other Vietnamese sites as well as Seima Protected Forest in Cambodia (Rawson et al. 2011). Cat Tien and Bu Gia Map National Parks are key sites for the conservation of N. gabriellae in Vietnam; Bu Gia Map National Park supports one of the largest known populations (Rawson et al. 2011). In 2010, a population census over an area of 16,500 ha using 36 listening posts estimated 0.54 groups/km2 (95% CI: 0.51-0.58) (Rawson et al. 2011). Based on a total suitable habitat of 22,800 ha, the total number of groups inside the national park is estimated to be 124 (95% CI: 122-132). In 2007, at least 200 individuals were estimated to occur in the park (Luu Hong Truong et al. 2007).
  
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= Ape status =  <!-- a text overview of ape status (population sizes, trends etc), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->
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'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Bu Gia Map National Park'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Ape_status-table"
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!Species
−
 
+
!Year
−
This section includes a brief summary of the survey history, the most recent abundance estimate, date of the estimate, and, if available, the population trend (if explicitely stated in a report/paper).
+
!Total number indiv. (95% CI)
−
 
+
!Total number groups (95% CI)
−
 
+
!Density ​​[groups/km²​] (95% CI)
−
 
+
!Area
−
'''Table 2: Ape population estimates in XXXX'''
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!Method
−
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"
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!Source
−
! Species
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!Comments
−
! Year
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!A.P.E.S. database ID
−
! Abundance estimate (95% confidence interval)
+
!NA
−
! Density estimate (per km²)
+
!NA
−
! Encounter rate (nests/km)
 
−
! Area
 
−
! Method
 
−
! Source
 
−
! Comments
 
−
! A.P.E.S. database ID
 
 
|-
 
|-
 +
|''Nomascus gabriellae''
 +
|2010
 
|
 
|
 +
|0.54 (0.51-0.58)
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|16,500 ha
 +
|Fixed point triangulation
 
|
 
|
−
|
+
|Rawson et al. 2011
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|}
 
|}
  
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= Threats =     <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats -->
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= Threats =
  
 +
Gibbons are commonly held as pets in hotels and private zoos in southern Vietnam; most of these individuals are likely sourced from the wild. In 2010, hunting with guns was frequently observed in the commune and nearby Bu Gia Map National Park. Additionally, agricultural encroachment, illegal logging, exploitation of non-timber forest products and infrastructure development are key threats to biodiversity in this park (Rawson et al. 2011).
  
−
This sections describes threats at the site, particularly those relevant for apes and thereby provides context for the threats listed in the table below.
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'''Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Bu Gia Map National Park'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Threats-table"
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!Category
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'''Table 3: Threats to apes in XXXX'''
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!Specific threats
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"
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!Threat level
−
!align="left"|Category <!-- Do not change threat categories -->
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!Description
−
!Specific threats   <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the list linked below -->
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!Year of threat
−
!Threat level       <!-- For threat level, please use keywords: unknown, low, high -->
 
−
!Quantified severity <!-- e.g., encounter rate, number of miners etc. (with reference)-->
 
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!Description         <!-- You can add descriptive information here -->
 
−
!Year of threat     <!-- if ongoing or unknown add year of reference in brackets-->
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|1. Residential & commercial development
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|10 Geological events
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Absent
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
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|2 Agriculture & aquaculture
−
|
+
|2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops
−
|
+
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
−
|
+
|Agricultural encroachment (Rawson et al. 2011).
−
|
+
|Ongoing (2011)
−
|
+
|-
 +
|4 Transportation & service corridors
 +
|4.1 Roads & railroads
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|High (more than 70% of population affected)
 +
|The construction of a road in Quang Truc Commune has probably increased hunting access to the park and has also partly isolated the populations in the park and in Quang Truc Commune from populations in Cambodia (Rawson et al. 2011).
 +
|Ongoing (2011)
 +
|-
 +
|5 Biological resource use
 +
|5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals
 +
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
 +
|Hunting with guns (Rawson et al. 2011).
 +
|Ongoing (2011)
 
|-
 
|-
−
|3. Energy production & mining
+
|5 Biological resource use
−
|
+
|5.2 Gathering terrestrial plants
−
|
+
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
−
|
+
|Exploitation of non-timber forest products (Rawson et al. 2011).
−
|
+
|Ongoing (2011)
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|4. Transportation & service corridors
+
|5 Biological resource use
−
|
+
|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
−
|
+
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
−
|
+
|Illegal logging (Rawson et al. 2011).
−
|
+
|Ongoing (2011)
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|5. Biological resource use
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|12 Other threat
−
|
+
|12.1 Other threat
−
|
+
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
−
|
+
|Capture of gibbons for illegal pet trade. Gibbons are caught by shooting mothers who fall clutching their infants. If they survive the fall, the infants are taken (Rawson et al. 2011).
−
|
+
|Ongoing (2011)
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|6. Human intrusions & disturbance
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|1 Residential & commercial development
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Unknown
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|7. Natural system modifications
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|3 Energy production & mining
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Unknown
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
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|6 Human intrusions & disturbance
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Unknown
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|9. Pollution
+
|7 Natural system modifications
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Unknown
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|10. Geological Events
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|8 Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseases
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Unknown
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|11. Climate change & severe weather
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|9 Pollution
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Unknown
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|12. Other options
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|11 Climate change & severe weather
 
|
 
|
 +
|Unknown
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
 
|}
 
|}
−
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list]
 
  
 +
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list]
 +
= Conservation activities =
  
 +
Species threat assessments, environmental education activities and training of park staff in gibbon survey techniques is implemented at the park (Rawson et al. 2011).
  
−
= Conservation activities =       <!-- a text overview of conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->
+
'''Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Bu Gia Map National Park'''
 +
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Conservation_activities-table"
 +
!Category
 +
!Specific activity
 +
!Description
 +
!Implementing organization(s)
 +
!Year of activity
 +
|-
 +
|5 Protection & restoration
 +
|5.2 Legally protect ape habitat
 +
|The site is a National Park.
 +
|
 +
|Ongoing (2022)
 +
|}
  
 +
[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]
 +
= Challenges =
  
−
This sections describes conservation interventions implemented at the site, including information on which organizations are implementing them and thereby provides context for the conservation activities listed in the table below.
 
  
  
−
 
+
'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Bu Gia Map National Park'''
−
'''Table 4: Conservation activities in XXXX'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Challenges-table"
−
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"
+
!Challenges
−
!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->
+
!Specific challenges
−
!Specific activity    <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the list linked below -->
+
!Source
−
!Description        <!-- You can add descriptive information here -->
+
!Year(s)
−
!Year of activity        <!-- if ongoing or unknown add year of reference in brackets -->
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|1. Residential & commercial development
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|3. Energy production & mining
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|4. Transportation & service corridors
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|5. Biological resource use
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|6. Human intrusions & disturbance
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|7. Natural system modifications
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Not reported
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|}
 +
 +
= Enablers =
 +
 +
 +
 +
'''Table 6. Enablers reported for Bu Gia Map National Park'''
 +
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="enabler-table"
 +
!Enablers
 +
!Specific enablers
 +
!Source
 +
!Year(s)
 
|-
 
|-
−
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
+
|1 Site management
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|9. Pollution
+
|2 Resources and capacity
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|10. Education & Awareness
+
|3 Engaged community
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|11. Habitat Protection
+
|4 Institutional support
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|12. Species Management
+
|5 Ecological context
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives
+
|6 Safety and stability
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
|-
 
 
|}
 
|}
−
[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]
 
  
 +
= Research activities =
  
  
−
= Impediments = <!-- Overview of impediments to ape conservation -->
 
  
 +
= Documented behaviours =
  
−
Description of impediments that may hamper conservation activities.
 
  
  
−
'''Table 5: Impediments reported for XXXX'''
+
'''Table 7. Behaviours documented for Bu Gia Map National Park'''
−
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="impediments-table"
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviours-table"
−
!align="left"|Impediment  <!-- Do not change categories -->
+
!Behavior
−
!Source   <!-- source for impediment mentioned -->
+
!Source
 
|-
 
|-
 +
|Not reported
 
|
 
|
−
|
 
−
|-
 
 
|}
 
|}
  
 +
= Exposure to climate change impacts =
  
  
−
= Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities -->
 
  
 +
= External links =
  
−
Short description of past and ongoing research activities at the site.
 
  
  
−
===Documented behaviours===  <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->
+
= Relevant datasets =
  
−
'''Table 6: Ape behaviors reported for XXXX'''
 
−
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"
 
−
!align="left"|Behavior  <!-- Do not change categories -->
 
−
!Source  <!-- source for behavior -->
 
−
|-
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|}
 
  
  
−
===Relevant datasets===
+
= References =
−
[http://apesportal.eva.mpg.de/database/archiveMap A.P.E.S Portal]
 
  
−
<br>
+
Rawson, B. M, Insua-Cao, P., Nguyen Manh Ha, Van Ngoc Thinh, Hoang Minh Duc, Mahood, S., Geissmann, T. and Roos, C. (2011). The Conservation Status of Gibbons in Vietnam. Fauna & Flora International/Conservation International, Hanoi, Vietnam
  
−
 
+
Luu Hong Truong, Hoang Minh Duc, Nguyen Tran Vy, Ly Ngoc Sam, Dang Van Son, Nguyen Ngoc Sang, and Nguyen Quoc Dat. (2007). [Biodiversity assessment of Bu Gia Map National Park]. Center for Biodiversity and Development, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. In Vietnamese.
−
= References =
 
  
  
−
<br>
 
−
'''Page completed by:'''XXXX '''    Date:''' DD/MM/YY  <br>
 
  
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<i>Please consider whether any information you would like to add is sensitive and could be misused to harm apes. Please do not add such information. If unsure, you can contact the Wiki manager (contact details on start page) for clarification.</i>
+
'''Page created by: '''A.P.E.S. Wiki team''' Date:''' NA
−
<br><br>
 

Latest revision as of 09:10, 18 March 2025

Asia > Vietnam > Bu Gia Map National Park

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Summary

Loading map...
  • Southern yellow-cheeked gibbons (Nomascus gabriellae) are present in Bu Gia Map National Park.
  • It has been estimated that 124 (95% CI: 122-132) groups occur in the site.
  • The gibbon population trend is unknown.
  • The site has a total size of 260 km².
  • Key threats to gibbons include logging, agricultural encroachment, hunting, and illegal pet trade.
  • Conservation activities have focused on environmental education, species threat assessments, and training of park staff in survey methods.


Site characteristics

Bu Gia Map National Park is located in southern Vietnam. Together with Cat Tien National Park, the parks hold the largest population of southern yellow-cheeked gibbons in the country (Rawson et al. 2011).

Table 1. Basic site information for Bu Gia Map National Park

Species 'Nomascus gabriellae
Area 260 km²
Coordinates Lat: 12.141419 , Lon: 107.185768
Type of site Protected area (National Park)
Habitat types Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest
Type of governance

IUCN habitat categories Site designations

Ape status

At Bu Gia Map National Park, gibbon populations are partly contiguous with those in other Vietnamese sites as well as Seima Protected Forest in Cambodia (Rawson et al. 2011). Cat Tien and Bu Gia Map National Parks are key sites for the conservation of N. gabriellae in Vietnam; Bu Gia Map National Park supports one of the largest known populations (Rawson et al. 2011). In 2010, a population census over an area of 16,500 ha using 36 listening posts estimated 0.54 groups/km2 (95% CI: 0.51-0.58) (Rawson et al. 2011). Based on a total suitable habitat of 22,800 ha, the total number of groups inside the national park is estimated to be 124 (95% CI: 122-132). In 2007, at least 200 individuals were estimated to occur in the park (Luu Hong Truong et al. 2007).

Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Bu Gia Map National Park

Species Year Total number indiv. (95% CI) Total number groups (95% CI) Density ​​[groups/km²​] (95% CI) Area Method Source Comments A.P.E.S. database ID NA NA
Nomascus gabriellae 2010 0.54 (0.51-0.58) 16,500 ha Fixed point triangulation Rawson et al. 2011

Threats

Gibbons are commonly held as pets in hotels and private zoos in southern Vietnam; most of these individuals are likely sourced from the wild. In 2010, hunting with guns was frequently observed in the commune and nearby Bu Gia Map National Park. Additionally, agricultural encroachment, illegal logging, exploitation of non-timber forest products and infrastructure development are key threats to biodiversity in this park (Rawson et al. 2011).

Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Bu Gia Map National Park

Category Specific threats Threat level Description Year of threat
10 Geological events Absent
2 Agriculture & aquaculture 2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops High (more than 70% of population affected) Agricultural encroachment (Rawson et al. 2011). Ongoing (2011)
4 Transportation & service corridors 4.1 Roads & railroads High (more than 70% of population affected) The construction of a road in Quang Truc Commune has probably increased hunting access to the park and has also partly isolated the populations in the park and in Quang Truc Commune from populations in Cambodia (Rawson et al. 2011). Ongoing (2011)
5 Biological resource use 5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals High (more than 70% of population affected) Hunting with guns (Rawson et al. 2011). Ongoing (2011)
5 Biological resource use 5.2 Gathering terrestrial plants High (more than 70% of population affected) Exploitation of non-timber forest products (Rawson et al. 2011). Ongoing (2011)
5 Biological resource use 5.3 Logging & wood harvesting High (more than 70% of population affected) Illegal logging (Rawson et al. 2011). Ongoing (2011)
12 Other threat 12.1 Other threat High (more than 70% of population affected) Capture of gibbons for illegal pet trade. Gibbons are caught by shooting mothers who fall clutching their infants. If they survive the fall, the infants are taken (Rawson et al. 2011). Ongoing (2011)
1 Residential & commercial development Unknown
3 Energy production & mining Unknown
6 Human intrusions & disturbance Unknown
7 Natural system modifications Unknown
8 Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseases Unknown
9 Pollution Unknown
11 Climate change & severe weather Unknown

IUCN Threats list

Conservation activities

Species threat assessments, environmental education activities and training of park staff in gibbon survey techniques is implemented at the park (Rawson et al. 2011).

Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Bu Gia Map National Park

Category Specific activity Description Implementing organization(s) Year of activity
5 Protection & restoration 5.2 Legally protect ape habitat The site is a National Park. Ongoing (2022)

Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)

Challenges

Table 5. Challenges reported for Bu Gia Map National Park

Challenges Specific challenges Source Year(s)
Not reported

Enablers

Table 6. Enablers reported for Bu Gia Map National Park

Enablers Specific enablers Source Year(s)
1 Site management
2 Resources and capacity
3 Engaged community
4 Institutional support
5 Ecological context
6 Safety and stability

Research activities

Documented behaviours

Table 7. Behaviours documented for Bu Gia Map National Park

Behavior Source
Not reported

Exposure to climate change impacts

External links

Relevant datasets

References

Rawson, B. M, Insua-Cao, P., Nguyen Manh Ha, Van Ngoc Thinh, Hoang Minh Duc, Mahood, S., Geissmann, T. and Roos, C. (2011). The Conservation Status of Gibbons in Vietnam. Fauna & Flora International/Conservation International, Hanoi, Vietnam

Luu Hong Truong, Hoang Minh Duc, Nguyen Tran Vy, Ly Ngoc Sam, Dang Van Son, Nguyen Ngoc Sang, and Nguyen Quoc Dat. (2007). [Biodiversity assessment of Bu Gia Map National Park]. Center for Biodiversity and Development, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. In Vietnamese.


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