Difference between revisions of "Mwagna National Park"

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[[Central Africa]] > [[Gabon]] > [[Mwagna National Park]]
  
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- Please consider whether any information you would like to add is sensitive and could be misused to harm apes. Please do not add such information. If unsure, you can contact the Wiki manager (contact details on start page) for clarification.
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'''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Mwagna_National_Park?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=fr&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Français]''' | '''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Mwagna_National_Park?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=pt&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Português]''' | '''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Mwagna_National_Park?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=es&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Español]''' | '''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Mwagna_National_Park?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=id&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Bahasa Indonesia]''' | '''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Mwagna_National_Park?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=ms&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Melayu]'''
  
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- Wiki site pages contain information in paragraphs of text, tables, keyword lists, and images
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__TOC__
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- Text paragraphs and images are not restricted, so text format and images can be chosen as desired.
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= Summary =
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- Tables and keyword lists are extracted as data, and so have the following restrictions:
 
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  2) Keyword format should not change, i.e. they are comma separated lists, not bullet points or numbered lists.
 
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  3) Keywords must be taken from the list of permitted words, or added to the list of permitted keywords. A link to the keyword list page is found adjacent
 
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    to the relevant table or keyword list. This ensures that the same keyword always refers to the same concept, e.g. Everybody uses "Industrial mining",
 
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    rather than several keywords such as "Industrial mining", "Large-scale mining", and "Mining".
 
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[[Region]] > [[Country]] > [[Site]]
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<div style="float: right">{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap|0.472048, 13.778030~[[Mwagna National Park]]~'Pan troglodytes troglodytes'', ''Gorilla gorilla gorilla''}}</div>
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* Central chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes troglodytes'') & western lowland gorillas (''Gorilla gorilla gorilla'') are present in Mwagna National Park.
 +
* The population sizes are unknown.
 +
* The great ape population trend is unknown.
 +
* The site has a total size of 1160 km².
 +
* Key threats to  great apes are hunting and disease outbreaks.
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* Conservation activities are not documented.
 +
* The site is part of the TRIDOM (Trinational Dja-Odzala-Minkébé) landscape.
  
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= Summary =  <!-- An overview of the site, with a one sentence overview of each of the following sections. can include a site map -->
 
  
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* Ape taxa present
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= Site characteristics =
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* Ape population size
 
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* Ape population trend
 
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* This site has a total size of XX km².
 
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* Key threats to apes are ...
 
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* Additional information
 
  
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The site is located in the far east of Gabon, bordering the Republic of Congo. The park is home to forest elephants, hogs, western lowland gorillas, bongo antelopes, and rare endemic bird and plant species ([https://www.discovergabon.com/park Discover Gabon]). The site is part of the TRIDOM (Trinational Dja-Odzala-Minkébé) landscape.
  
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= Site characteristics =
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'''Table 1. Basic site information for Mwagna National Park'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table"
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|Species
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This section includes a paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, a brief history of the site and on animals and plants that are known to occur at the site.
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|'Pan troglodytes troglodytes'', ''Gorilla gorilla gorilla''
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+
|-
−
 
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|Area
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|1,160 km²
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'''Table 1: Basic site information for XXXX'''
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|-
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"
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|Coordinates
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| Area             <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha    -->
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|Lat: 0.472048 , Lon: 13.778030
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|
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Coordinates
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|Type of site
−
|
+
|Protected area (National Park)
 
|-
 
|-
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| Designation      <!-- National Park, Nature Reserve, etc.  -->
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|Habitat types
−
|
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|Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest
 
|-
 
|-
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|Habitat types    <!-- List IUCN Habitat Classification 3.0 categories present (Without number), see link below -->
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|Type of governance
 
|
 
|
 
|}
 
|}
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[http://www.unitar.org/hiroshima/sites/unitar.org.hiroshima/files/Annex%201%20-%20IUCN%20Classification%20Schemes.pdf IUCN habitat categories]  [[Site designations]]
 
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<br>
 
−
 
−
 
−
 
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= Ape status =  <!-- a text overview of ape status (population sizes, trends etc), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->
 
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−
 
−
 
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This section includes a brief summary of the survey history, the most recent abundance estimate, date of the estimate, and, if available, the population trend (if explicitely stated in a report/paper).
 
  
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[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/habitat-classification-scheme IUCN habitat categories] [[Site designations]]
 +
= Ape status =
  
 +
A 2004 survey revealed that the gorilla population in the park was severely impacted by Ebola outbreaks, as the gorillas that were present in 2001 were all gone. During the survey only five very old nests and a termite mound which had been eaten into a long time ago (at least a year and probably more) were recorded. No ape feeding signs were seen (Maisels et al. 2004). Between 2004 and 2012 there was an increase in the encounter rate of nests (Maisels & Akou 2013).
  
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'''Table 2: Ape population estimates in XXXX'''
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'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Mwagna National Park'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Ape_status-table"
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! Species
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!Species
−
! Year
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!Year
−
! Abundance estimate (95% confidence interval)
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!Occurrence
−
! Density estimate (per km²)
+
!Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day)
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! Encounter rate (nests/km)
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!Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
−
! Area
+
!Abundance estimate (95% CI)
−
! Method
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!Survey area
−
! Source
+
!Sampling method
−
! Comments
+
!Analytical framework
−
! A.P.E.S. database ID
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!Source
 +
!Comments
 +
!A.P.E.S. database ID
 
|-
 
|-
 +
|'Pan troglodytes troglodytes'' & ''Gorilla gorilla gorilla''
 +
|2004
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|0
 +
|Mwagna National Park
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|Reconnaissance walk
 
|
 
|
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|Maisels et al. 2004
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|No great apes recorded after the Ebola outbreak.
 +
|
 +
|-
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|'Pan troglodytes troglodytes'' & ''Gorilla gorilla gorilla''
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|2012
 
|
 
|
 +
|0.6
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|Mwagna National Park
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|Line transects & recces
 
|
 
|
 +
|Maisels & Akou 2013
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|}
 
|}
  
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= Threats =     <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats -->
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= Threats =
−
 
 
  
−
This sections describes threats at the site, particularly those relevant for apes and thereby provides context for the threats listed in the table below.
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A drastic reduction in ape numbers occurred between 2001 and 2004 almost certainly due to Ebola outbreaks (Maisels et al. 2004).
  
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'''Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Mwagna National Park'''
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'''Table 3: Threats to apes in XXXX'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Threats-table"
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"
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!Category
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!align="left"|Category <!-- Do not change threat categories -->
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!Specific threats
−
!Specific threats   <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the list linked below -->
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!Threat level
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!Threat level       <!-- For threat level, please use keywords: unknown, low, high -->
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!Description
−
!Quantified severity <!-- e.g., encounter rate, number of miners etc. (with reference)-->
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!Year of threat
−
!Description         <!-- You can add descriptive information here -->
 
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!Year of threat     <!-- if ongoing or unknown add year of reference in brackets-->
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|1. Residential & commercial development
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|10 Geological events
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Absent
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
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|12 Other threat
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Absent
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|3. Energy production & mining
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|8 Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseases
−
|
+
|8.4 Pathogens
−
|
+
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
−
|
+
|Ebola outbreaks in the early 2000s decimated the gorilla population in the park (Maisels & Akou 2013, Bermejo et al. 2006).
−
|
+
|2002-2003
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|4. Transportation & service corridors
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|5 Biological resource use
−
|
+
|5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals
−
|
+
|Present (unknown severity)
−
|
+
|A survey in 2004 documented the presence of hunting trails (Maisels et al. 2004). One machete cut was recorded inside the park during a survey in 2012; outside the park, snares and shotgun shells were recorded (Maisels & Akou 2013).
−
|
+
|Ongoing (2013)
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|5. Biological resource use
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|1 Residential & commercial development
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Unknown
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|6. Human intrusions & disturbance
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|2 Agriculture & aquaculture
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Unknown
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|7. Natural system modifications
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|3 Energy production & mining
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Unknown
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
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|4 Transportation & service corridors
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Unknown
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|9. Pollution
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|6 Human intrusions & disturbance
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Unknown
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|10. Geological Events
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|7 Natural system modifications
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Unknown
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|11. Climate change & severe weather
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|9 Pollution
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Unknown
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|12. Other options
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|11 Climate change & severe weather
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Unknown
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
|-
 
 
|}
 
|}
−
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list]
 
  
 +
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list]
 +
= Conservation activities =
  
  
−
= Conservation activities =      <!-- a text overview of conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->
 
  
 +
'''Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Mwagna National Park'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Conservation_activities-table"
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!Category
 +
!Specific activity
 +
!Description
 +
!Implementing organization(s)
 +
!Year of activity
 +
|-
 +
|5 Protection & restoration
 +
|5.2 Legally protect ape habitat
 +
|The site is a national park.
 +
|
 +
|Ongoing (2023)
 +
|}
  
−
This sections describes conservation interventions implemented at the site, including information on which organizations are implementing them and thereby provides context for the conservation activities listed in the table below.
+
[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]
 +
= Challenges =
  
  
  
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'''Table 4: Conservation activities in XXXX'''
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'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Mwagna National Park'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Challenges-table"
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!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->
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!Challenges
−
!Specific activity    <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the list linked below -->
+
!Specific challenges
−
!Description        <!-- You can add descriptive information here -->
+
!Source
−
!Year of activity        <!-- if ongoing or unknown add year of reference in brackets -->
+
!Year(s)
 
|-
 
|-
−
|1. Residential & commercial development
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|3. Energy production & mining
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|4. Transportation & service corridors
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|5. Biological resource use
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|6. Human intrusions & disturbance
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Not reported
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|}
 +
 +
= Enablers =
 +
 +
 +
 +
'''Table 6. Enablers reported for Mwagna National Park'''
 +
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="enabler-table"
 +
!Enablers
 +
!Specific enablers
 +
!Source
 +
!Year(s)
 
|-
 
|-
−
|7. Natural system modifications
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|1 Site management
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
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|2 Resources and capacity
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|9. Pollution
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|3 Engaged community
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|10. Education & Awareness
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|4 Institutional support
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|11. Habitat Protection
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|5 Ecological context
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|12. Species Management
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|6 Safety and stability
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
|-
 
−
|13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives
 
 
|
 
|
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
 
|}
 
|}
−
[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]
 
  
 +
= Research activities =
  
  
−
= Impediments = <!-- Overview of impediments to ape conservation -->
 
  
 +
= Documented behaviours =
  
−
Description of impediments that may hamper conservation activities.
 
  
  
−
'''Table 5: Impediments reported for XXXX'''
+
'''Table 7. Behaviours documented for Mwagna National Park'''
−
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="impediments-table"
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviours-table"
−
!align="left"|Impediment  <!-- Do not change categories -->
+
!Behavior
−
!Source   <!-- source for impediment mentioned -->
+
!Source
 
|-
 
|-
 +
|Not reported
 
|
 
|
−
|
 
−
|-
 
 
|}
 
|}
  
 +
= Exposure to climate change impacts =
  
  
−
= Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities -->
 
  
 +
= External links =
  
−
Short description of past and ongoing research activities at the site.
 
  
  
−
===Documented behaviours===  <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->
+
= Relevant datasets =
  
−
'''Table 6: Ape behaviors reported for XXXX'''
 
−
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"
 
−
!align="left"|Behavior  <!-- Do not change categories -->
 
−
!Source  <!-- source for behavior -->
 
−
|-
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|}
 
  
  
−
===Relevant datasets===
+
= References =
−
[http://apesportal.eva.mpg.de/database/archiveMap A.P.E.S Portal]
 
  
−
<br>
+
Bermejo, M., Rodríguez-Teijeiro, J. D., Illera, G., Barroso, A., Vilà, C., & Walsh, P. D. (2006). Ebola outbreak killed 5000 gorillas. Science, 314(5805), 1564-1564.
  
 +
Maisels, F. and Akou, M.E. (2013). Mwagne National Park: Report on survey transects 2012. WWF unpublished report.
  
−
= References =
+
Maisels, F., Akou, M.E., Douckaga, M. & Moundounga, A. (2004). Mwagne National Park Trip Report, Nov-Dec 2004 Large Mammals and Human Impact. WCS unpublished report.
  
  
−
<br>
 
−
'''Page completed by:'''XXXX '''    Date:''' DD/MM/YY  <br>
 
  
−
<i>Please consider whether any information you would like to add is sensitive and could be misused to harm apes. Please do not add such information. If unsure, you can contact the Wiki manager (contact details on start page) for clarification.</i>
+
'''Page created by: '''A.P.E.S. Wiki team''' Date:''' NA
−
<br><br>
 

Latest revision as of 09:17, 18 March 2025

Central Africa > Gabon > Mwagna National Park

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Summary

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  • Central chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) & western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) are present in Mwagna National Park.
  • The population sizes are unknown.
  • The great ape population trend is unknown.
  • The site has a total size of 1160 km².
  • Key threats to great apes are hunting and disease outbreaks.
  • Conservation activities are not documented.
  • The site is part of the TRIDOM (Trinational Dja-Odzala-Minkébé) landscape.


Site characteristics

The site is located in the far east of Gabon, bordering the Republic of Congo. The park is home to forest elephants, hogs, western lowland gorillas, bongo antelopes, and rare endemic bird and plant species (Discover Gabon). The site is part of the TRIDOM (Trinational Dja-Odzala-Minkébé) landscape.

Table 1. Basic site information for Mwagna National Park

Species 'Pan troglodytes troglodytes, Gorilla gorilla gorilla
Area 1,160 km²
Coordinates Lat: 0.472048 , Lon: 13.778030
Type of site Protected area (National Park)
Habitat types Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest
Type of governance

IUCN habitat categories Site designations

Ape status

A 2004 survey revealed that the gorilla population in the park was severely impacted by Ebola outbreaks, as the gorillas that were present in 2001 were all gone. During the survey only five very old nests and a termite mound which had been eaten into a long time ago (at least a year and probably more) were recorded. No ape feeding signs were seen (Maisels et al. 2004). Between 2004 and 2012 there was an increase in the encounter rate of nests (Maisels & Akou 2013).

Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Mwagna National Park

Species Year Occurrence Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day) Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI) Abundance estimate (95% CI) Survey area Sampling method Analytical framework Source Comments A.P.E.S. database ID
'Pan troglodytes troglodytes & Gorilla gorilla gorilla 2004 0 Mwagna National Park Reconnaissance walk Maisels et al. 2004 No great apes recorded after the Ebola outbreak.
'Pan troglodytes troglodytes & Gorilla gorilla gorilla 2012 0.6 Mwagna National Park Line transects & recces Maisels & Akou 2013

Threats

A drastic reduction in ape numbers occurred between 2001 and 2004 almost certainly due to Ebola outbreaks (Maisels et al. 2004).

Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Mwagna National Park

Category Specific threats Threat level Description Year of threat
10 Geological events Absent
12 Other threat Absent
8 Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseases 8.4 Pathogens High (more than 70% of population affected) Ebola outbreaks in the early 2000s decimated the gorilla population in the park (Maisels & Akou 2013, Bermejo et al. 2006). 2002-2003
5 Biological resource use 5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals Present (unknown severity) A survey in 2004 documented the presence of hunting trails (Maisels et al. 2004). One machete cut was recorded inside the park during a survey in 2012; outside the park, snares and shotgun shells were recorded (Maisels & Akou 2013). Ongoing (2013)
1 Residential & commercial development Unknown
2 Agriculture & aquaculture Unknown
3 Energy production & mining Unknown
4 Transportation & service corridors Unknown
6 Human intrusions & disturbance Unknown
7 Natural system modifications Unknown
9 Pollution Unknown
11 Climate change & severe weather Unknown

IUCN Threats list

Conservation activities

Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Mwagna National Park

Category Specific activity Description Implementing organization(s) Year of activity
5 Protection & restoration 5.2 Legally protect ape habitat The site is a national park. Ongoing (2023)

Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)

Challenges

Table 5. Challenges reported for Mwagna National Park

Challenges Specific challenges Source Year(s)
Not reported

Enablers

Table 6. Enablers reported for Mwagna National Park

Enablers Specific enablers Source Year(s)
1 Site management
2 Resources and capacity
3 Engaged community
4 Institutional support
5 Ecological context
6 Safety and stability

Research activities

Documented behaviours

Table 7. Behaviours documented for Mwagna National Park

Behavior Source
Not reported

Exposure to climate change impacts

External links

Relevant datasets

References

Bermejo, M., Rodríguez-Teijeiro, J. D., Illera, G., Barroso, A., Vilà, C., & Walsh, P. D. (2006). Ebola outbreak killed 5000 gorillas. Science, 314(5805), 1564-1564.

Maisels, F. and Akou, M.E. (2013). Mwagne National Park: Report on survey transects 2012. WWF unpublished report.

Maisels, F., Akou, M.E., Douckaga, M. & Moundounga, A. (2004). Mwagne National Park Trip Report, Nov-Dec 2004 Large Mammals and Human Impact. WCS unpublished report.


Page created by: A.P.E.S. Wiki team Date: NA

Retrieved from "https://wiki.iucnapesportal.org/index.php?title=Mwagna_National_Park&oldid=8123"