Difference between revisions of "Koumbia"

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<!-- Please add information for this site -->
 
 
[[West Africa]] > [[Republic of Guinea]] > [[Koumbia]]
 
[[West Africa]] > [[Republic of Guinea]] > [[Koumbia]]
  
−
[[File: Map_GIN_Koumbia_georef_20200121.png | 400px | thumb| right | Koumbia (Guinea) © A.P.E.S. Wiki Team]]
+
'''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Koumbia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=fr&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Français]''' | '''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Koumbia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=pt&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Português]''' | '''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Koumbia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=es&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Español]''' | '''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Koumbia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=id&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Bahasa Indonesia]''' | '''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Koumbia?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=ms&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Melayu]'''
  
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= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with a one sentence overview of each of the following sections. can include a site map -->
+
__TOC__
 +
= Summary =
  
−
* Western chimpanzees ([https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15935/17989872 ''Pan troglodytes verus'']) are present in Koumbia.  
+
<div style="float: right">{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap|11.58, -13.93~[[Koumbia]]~'Pan troglodytes verus''}}</div>
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* It has been estimated that more than 300 individuals occur in the area.  
+
* Western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus'') are present in Koumbia.
−
* The chimpanzee population trend is unknown.  
+
* It has been estimated that more than 300 individuals occur in the area.
−
* The site is not formally designated and consequently the size is unknown.  
+
* The chimpanzee population trend is unknown.
 +
* The site is not formally designated and consequently the size is unknown.
 
* Agriculture and roads are the most prevalent signs of human activities across Koumbia.
 
* Agriculture and roads are the most prevalent signs of human activities across Koumbia.
−
* As part of the AGIR project 42 conservation zones to establish community-based forest management were identified.  
+
* As part of the AGIR project 42 conservation zones to establish community-based forest management were identified.
 
* Koumbia is transboundary with Guinea-Bissau.
 
* Koumbia is transboundary with Guinea-Bissau.
  
  
−
= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->
+
= Site characteristics =
  
 
Koumbia is located in western Guinea in the prefecture Gaoual and is transboundary with Guinea-Bissau. The French colonial government declared Koumbia a National Park in 1933 (WCF 2012), but the site has no formal protective status at this point. Koumbia does not have a designated IUCN category nor is it listed in the World Database on Protected Areas ([https://www.protectedplanet.net/country/GN  UNEP-WCMC and IUCN 2018]).
 
Koumbia is located in western Guinea in the prefecture Gaoual and is transboundary with Guinea-Bissau. The French colonial government declared Koumbia a National Park in 1933 (WCF 2012), but the site has no formal protective status at this point. Koumbia does not have a designated IUCN category nor is it listed in the World Database on Protected Areas ([https://www.protectedplanet.net/country/GN  UNEP-WCMC and IUCN 2018]).
−
During a survey of the Koumbia site in 2010 by the [http://www.wildchimps.org  Wild Chimpanzee Foundation] the presence of hippopotamus (''Hippopotamus amphibius''), jackals (''Canis sp.''), servals (''Leptailurus serval''), mona monkeys (''Cercopithecus mona''), green monkeys (''Chlorocebus sabaeus''), patas monkeys (''Erythrocebus patas'') and baboons (''Papio sp.'') was confirmed (WCF 2012).
 
  
−
 
+
'''Table 1. Basic site information for Koumbia'''
−
'''Table 1: Basic site information for Koumbia'''
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table"
−
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"
+
|Species
−
|Area             <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha    -->
+
|'Pan troglodytes verus''
−
|Unknown
+
|-
 +
|Area
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Coordinates
 
|Coordinates
−
|11.58 N, 13.93 W
+
|Lat: 11.58 , Lon:  -13.93
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Designation      <!-- National Park, Nature Reserve, etc.  -->
+
|Type of site
−
|IUCN Management Category not reported
+
|Unknown
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Habitat types   <!-- List IUCN Habitat Classification 3.0 categories present (Without number), see link below -->
+
|Habitat types
 
|Not reported
 
|Not reported
 +
|-
 +
|Type of governance
 +
|
 
|}
 
|}
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[http://www.unitar.org/hiroshima/sites/unitar.org.hiroshima/files/Annex%201%20-%20IUCN%20Classification%20Schemes.pdf IUCN habitat categories]  [[Site designations]]
 
−
<br>
 
  
−
= Ape status = <!-- a text overview of ape status (population sizes, trends etc), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->
+
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/habitat-classification-scheme IUCN habitat categories] [[Site designations]]
 +
= Ape status =
  
 
In 1997, Rebecca Kormos conducted a transect survey around the village Moyerai which is located to the North of the site Koumbia and concluded that chimpanzees were present in relatively high densities (Ham 1998). In 2010, the [http://www.wildchimps.org  Wild Chimpanzee Foundation] did a transect survey in Koumbia (survey area was bordered by the Sentha river and Guinea-Bissau in the North and the Kongo river and the Boké-Gaoual in the South) and estimated that 296 individuals (CI: 164-532) occurred in the area (WCF 2012).
 
In 1997, Rebecca Kormos conducted a transect survey around the village Moyerai which is located to the North of the site Koumbia and concluded that chimpanzees were present in relatively high densities (Ham 1998). In 2010, the [http://www.wildchimps.org  Wild Chimpanzee Foundation] did a transect survey in Koumbia (survey area was bordered by the Sentha river and Guinea-Bissau in the North and the Kongo river and the Boké-Gaoual in the South) and estimated that 296 individuals (CI: 164-532) occurred in the area (WCF 2012).
  
−
 
+
'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Koumbia'''
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'''Table 2: Great ape population estimates in Koumbia'''
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Ape_status-table"
−
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"
+
!Species
−
! Species
+
!Year
−
! Year
+
!Occurrence
−
! Abundance estimate (95% confidence interval)
+
!Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day)
−
! Density estimate (per km²)
+
!Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
−
! Encounter rate (nests/km)
+
!Abundance estimate (95% CI)
−
! Area
+
!Survey area
−
! Method
+
!Sampling method
−
! Source
+
!Analytical framework
−
! Comments
+
!Source
−
! A.P.E.S. database ID
+
!Comments
 +
!A.P.E.S. database ID
 
|-
 
|-
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|1997
 
|1997
 +
|Present
 +
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
|Present
 
 
|Koumbia village
 
|Koumbia village
−
|Interview method
+
|Interviews
 +
|
 
|Ham 1998
 
|Ham 1998
 
|Questionnaire survey
 
|Questionnaire survey
Line 79: Line 76:
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|1997
 
|1997
 +
|Present
 +
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
|Present
 
 
|Moyerai (village to the North of Koumbia)
 
|Moyerai (village to the North of Koumbia)
−
|Line transects (Distance)
+
|Line transects
 +
|
 
|Ham 1998
 
|Ham 1998
 
|Total survey effort: 5.2 km
 
|Total survey effort: 5.2 km
Line 90: Line 89:
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|2010
 
|2010
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|0.37 (0.20-0.67)
 
|296 (164-532)
 
|296 (164-532)
−
|0.37 (0.20-0.67)
+
|Area delineated by the river Kongo and the road Boké - Gaoual in the South and the river Sentha and the border with Guinea-Bissau in the North
 +
|Line transects
 
|
 
|
−
|Area delineated by the river Kongo and the road Boké - Gaoual in the South and the river Sentha and the border with Guinea-Bissau in the North
 
−
|Line transects (Distance)
 
 
|WCF 2012
 
|WCF 2012
 
|Total survey effort: 109.87 km
 
|Total survey effort: 109.87 km
Line 100: Line 101:
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
= Threats =     <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats -->
+
= Threats =
−
 
 
−
During the survey by the WCF 27 villages were identified in Koumbia with an estimated total population of 2,600 inhabitants (WCF 2012). The most prevalent threat was agriculture (0.46 signs/km) and the high number of roads shows that the site is strongly used by people (WCF 2012). Based on low encounter rates, the WCF concluded that wood extraction, poaching and human settlements likely pose only a minor threat to the wildlife in Koumbia (WCF 2012). However, it was noted that recently, hunters not belonging to the local villages entered the area to hunt bushmeat commercially for urban markets (WCF 2012).
 
−
More recently, the mining company [https://www.amcbauxite.com  Alliance Mining Commodities] started developing a Bauxit mining site west of Koumbia. There are plans to build a road to the mining site and a port at the river Rio Nuñez (Alliance Mining Commodities 2018).
 
  
 +
During the survey by the WCF 27 villages were identified in Koumbia with an estimated total population of 2,600 inhabitants (WCF 2012). The most prevalent threat was agriculture (0.46 signs/km) and the high number of roads shows that the site is strongly used by people (WCF 2012). Based on low encounter rates, the WCF concluded that wood extraction, poaching and human settlements likely pose only a minor threat to the wildlife in Koumbia (WCF 2012). However, it was noted that recently, hunters not belonging to the local villages entered the area to hunt bushmeat commercially for urban markets (WCF 2012).
  
−
'''Table 3: Threats to great apes in Koumbia'''
+
'''Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Koumbia'''
−
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Threats-table"
−
!align="left"|Category <!-- Do not change threat categories -->
+
!Category
−
!Specific threats   <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the list linked below -->
+
!Specific threats
−
!Threat level       <!-- For threat level, please use keywords: unknown, low, high -->
+
!Threat level
−
!Quantified severity <!-- e.g., encounter rate, number of miners etc. (with reference)-->
+
!Description
−
!Description         <!-- You can add descriptive information here -->
+
!Year of threat
−
!Year of threat     <!-- if ongoing or unknown add year of reference in brackets-->
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|1. Residential & commercial development
+
|3 Energy production & mining
−
|1.1. Housing & urban areas
 
−
|Low
 
−
|0.03 villages/km (3 villages, survey effort: 109.865 km, WCF 2012)
 
−
|Approximately 2,600 people live at the site but are estimated to pose only a minor threat to chimpanzees (WCF 2012)
 
−
|Ongoing (2012)
 
−
|-
 
−
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
 
−
|2.1. Annual & Perennial Non-Timber Crops
 
−
|High
 
−
|0.46 signs of agriculture/km (51 signs of agriculture, survey effort: 109.865 km, WCF 2012)
 
−
|Signs of agriculture were the most prevalent sign of anthropogenic activity (WCF 2012)
 
−
|Ongoing (2012)
 
−
|-
 
−
|3. Energy production & mining
 
 
|
 
|
 
|Absent
 
|Absent
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|4. Transportation & service corridors
 
−
|4.1. Roads & railroads
 
−
|High
 
−
|0.91 roads/km (100 roads, survey effort: 109.865 km, WCF 2012)
 
−
|High number of roads was found at the site (WCF 2012), there are plans to build a new road to the west of the site to a mining site (Alliance Mining Commodities 2018)
 
−
|Ongoing (2012)
 
−
|-
 
−
|5. Biological resource use
 
−
|5.1. Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals
 
−
|Medium
 
−
|0.03 signs of hunting/km (3 signs of hunting, survey effort: 109.865 km, WCF 2012)
 
−
|Poaching by people living at the site was estimated to pose only a minor threat to chimpanzees, but increasingly people from outside are entering the area for commercial hunting (WCF 2012), development of a mining site nearby and the associated population increase might increase wild meat demand
 
−
|Ongoing (2012)
 
−
|-
 
−
|
 
−
|5.3. Logging & wood harvesting
 
−
|Low
 
−
|0.03 signs of wood extraction/km (3 signs of wood extraction, survey effort: 109.865 km, WCF 2012)
 
−
|Wood extraction was estimated to pose only a minor threat to chimpanzees (WCF 2012)
 
−
|Ongoing (2012)
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
|6. Human intrusions & disturbance
+
|6 Human intrusions & disturbance
 
|
 
|
 
|Absent
 
|Absent
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|7. Natural system modifications
+
|7 Natural system modifications
 
|
 
|
 
|Absent
 
|Absent
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
+
|9 Pollution
−
|
 
−
|Unknown
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Absent
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|9. Pollution
+
|10 Geological events
 
|
 
|
 
|Absent
 
|Absent
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|10. Geological Events
+
|12 Other threat
 
|
 
|
 
|Absent
 
|Absent
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
|
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
| 11. Climate change & severe weather
+
|2 Agriculture & aquaculture
 +
|2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops
 +
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
 +
|Signs of agriculture were the most prevalent sign of anthropogenic activity (WCF 2012)
 +
|Ongoing (2012)
 +
|-
 +
|4 Transportation & service corridors
 +
|4.1 Roads & railroads
 +
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
 +
|High number of roads was found at the site (WCF 2012), there are plans to build a new road to the west of the site to a mining site (Alliance Mining Commodities 2018)
 +
|Ongoing (2012)
 +
|-
 +
|1 Residential & commercial development
 +
|1.1 Residential areas
 +
|Low (up to 30% of population affected)
 +
|Approximately 2,600 people live at the site but are estimated to pose only a minor threat to chimpanzees (WCF 2012)
 +
|Ongoing (2012)
 +
|-
 +
|5 Biological resource use
 +
|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
 +
|Low (up to 30% of population affected)
 +
|Wood extraction was estimated to pose only a minor threat to chimpanzees (WCF 2012)
 +
|Ongoing (2012)
 +
|-
 +
|5 Biological resource use
 +
|5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals
 +
|Medium (30-70% of population affected)
 +
|Poaching by people living at the site was estimated to pose only a minor threat to chimpanzees, but increasingly people from outside are entering the area for commercial hunting (WCF 2012), development of a mining site nearby and the associated population increase might increase wild meat demand
 +
|Ongoing (2012)
 +
|-
 +
|8 Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseases
 
|
 
|
 
|Unknown
 
|Unknown
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|12. Other options
+
|11 Climate change & severe weather
 
|
 
|
−
|Absent
+
|Unknown
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|}
 +
 +
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list]
 +
= Conservation activities =
 +
 +
The European funded AGIR project (Programme Régional d’Appui à la Gestion Intégrée des Ressources Naturelles des Bassins du Niger et de la Gambie) identified 42 conservation zones at this site with the aim of establishing community-based forest management (WCF 2012). AGIR was implemented until 2005 and also encompassed an environmental awareness raising scheme (WCF 2012).
 +
 +
'''Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Koumbia'''
 +
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Conservation_activities-table"
 +
!Category
 +
!Specific activity
 +
!Description
 +
!Implementing organization(s)
 +
!Year of activity
 +
|-
 +
|7 Economic & other incentives
 +
|7.2 Provide non-monetary benefits to local communities for sustainably managing their forest and its wildlife (e.g., better education, infrastructure development)
 +
|AGIR identified 42 conservation zones to establish community-based forest management (WCF 2012)
 
|
 
|
−
|-
+
|until 2005
 
|}
 
|}
−
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list]
 
  
−
= Conservation activities =       <!-- a text overview of conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->
+
[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]
 +
= Challenges =
  
−
The European funded AGIR project (Programme Régional d’Appui à la Gestion Intégrée des Ressources Naturelles des Bassins du Niger et de la Gambie) identified 42 conservation zones at this site with the aim of establishing community-based forest management (WCF 2012). AGIR was implemented until 2005 and also encompassed an environmental awareness raising scheme (WCF 2012).
 
  
  
−
'''Table 4: Conservation activities in Koumbia'''
+
'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Koumbia'''
−
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Challenges-table"
−
!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->
+
!Challenges
−
!Specific activity    <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the list linked below -->
+
!Specific challenges
−
!Description        <!-- You can add descriptive information here -->
+
!Source
−
!Year of activity        <!-- if ongoing or unknown add year of reference in brackets -->
+
!Year(s)
 
|-
 
|-
−
|1. Residential & commercial development
+
|
 
|Not reported
 
|Not reported
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|}
 +
 +
= Enablers =
 +
 +
 +
 +
'''Table 6. Enablers reported for Koumbia'''
 +
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="enabler-table"
 +
!Enablers
 +
!Specific enablers
 +
!Source
 +
!Year(s)
 
|-
 
|-
−
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
+
|1 Site management
−
|Not reported
+
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|3. Energy production & mining
+
|2 Resources and capacity
−
|Not reported
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
−
|-
 
−
|4. Transportation & service corridors
 
−
|Not reported
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|5. Biological resource use
+
|3 Engaged community
−
|Not reported
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
−
|-
 
−
|6. Human intrusions & disturbance
 
−
|Not reported
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|7. Natural system modifications
+
|4 Institutional support
−
|Not reported
 
 
|
 
|
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
 
−
|Not reported
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|9. Pollution
+
|5 Ecological context
−
|Not reported
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
−
|-
 
−
|10. Education & Awareness
 
−
|Not reported
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|11. Habitat Protection
+
|6 Safety and stability
−
|Not reported
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
−
|-
 
−
|12. Species Management
 
−
|Not reported
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
|-
 
−
|13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives
 
−
|13.2. Provide non-monetary benefits to local communities for sustainably managing their forest and its wildlife (e.g. better education, infrastructure development)
 
−
|AGIR identified 42 conservation zones to establish community-based forest management (WCF 2012)
 
−
|until 2005
 
−
|-
 
 
|}
 
|}
−
[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]
 
  
−
= Impediments = <!-- Overview of impediments to ape conservation -->
+
= Research activities =
 +
 
 +
From 1996 to 1997 Rebecca Kormos (née Ham) did a nationwide surveys on chimpanzees across Guinea and also surveyed parts of Koumbia (Ham 1998). As part of their nationwide inventory of chimpanzee populations in Guinea the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation surveyed Koumbia in 2010 (WCF 2012).
 +
 
 +
= Documented behaviours =
  
  
−
'''Table 5: Impediments reported for Koumbia'''
+
 
−
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="impediments-table"
+
'''Table 7. Behaviours documented for Koumbia'''
−
!align="left"|Impediment  <!-- Do not change categories -->
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviours-table"
−
!Source   <!-- source for impediment mentioned -->
+
!Behavior
 +
!Source
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Not reported
 
|Not reported
 
|
 
|
−
|-
 
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
= Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities -->
+
= Exposure to climate change impacts =
  
−
From 1996 to 1997 Rebecca Kormos (née Ham) did a nationwide surveys on chimpanzees across Guinea and also surveyed parts of Koumbia (Ham 1998). As part of their nationwide inventory of chimpanzee populations in Guinea the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation surveyed Koumbia in 2010 (WCF 2012).
 
  
  
−
===Documented behaviours===  <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->
+
= External links =
  
  
−
'''Table 6: Great ape behaviors reported for Koumbia'''
 
−
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"
 
−
!align="left"|Behavior  <!-- Do not change categories -->
 
−
!Source  <!-- source for behavior -->
 
−
|-
 
−
|Not reported
 
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|}
 
  
 +
= Relevant datasets =
  
−
===Relevant datasets===
 
−
[http://apesportal.eva.mpg.de/database/archiveMap A.P.E.S Portal]
 
  
−
<br>
 
  
 
= References =
 
= References =
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Alliance Mining Commodities. 2018. Koumbia Bauxite<br>
 
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Brugière D et al. 2009. Distribution of chimpanzees and interactions with humans in Guinea-Bissau and western Guinea, West Africa. Folia Primatologica, 353-358<br>
 
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Ham R. 1998. Nationwide chimpanzee census and large mammal survey Republic of Guinea, PhD thesis, 286 p.<br>
 
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UNEP-WCMC, IUCN. 2018. Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA), Cambridge, UK: UNEP-WCMC and IUCN Online: [https://www.protectedplanet.net/country/GN  www.protectedplanet.net]<br>
 
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WCF. 2012. Etat de la faune et des menaces dans les aires protégées terrestres et principales zones de forte biodiversité de Rep. de Guinée. Report. Wild Chimpanzee Foundation, Sangaredi, Republic of Guinea. Online: [http://www.wildchimps.org Wild Chimpanzee Foundation]<br>
 
  
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Alliance Mining Commodities. 2018. Koumbia Bauxite
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Brugière D et al. 2009. Distribution of chimpanzees and interactions with humans in Guinea-Bissau and western Guinea, West Africa. Folia Primatologica, 353-358
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Ham R. 1998. Nationwide chimpanzee census and large mammal survey Republic of Guinea, PhD thesis, 286 p.
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UNEP-WCMC, IUCN. 2018. Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA), Cambridge, UK: UNEP-WCMC and IUCN Online: [https://www.protectedplanet.net/country/GN  www.protectedplanet.net]
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WCF. 2012. Etat de la faune et des menaces dans les aires protégées terrestres et principales zones de forte biodiversité de Rep. de Guinée. Report. Wild Chimpanzee Foundation, Sangaredi, Republic of Guinea. Online: [http://www.wildchimps.org Wild Chimpanzee Foundation]
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'''Page created by: '''A.P.E.S. Wiki Team''' Date:''' NA

Latest revision as of 09:53, 18 March 2025

West Africa > Republic of Guinea > Koumbia

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Summary

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  • Western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) are present in Koumbia.
  • It has been estimated that more than 300 individuals occur in the area.
  • The chimpanzee population trend is unknown.
  • The site is not formally designated and consequently the size is unknown.
  • Agriculture and roads are the most prevalent signs of human activities across Koumbia.
  • As part of the AGIR project 42 conservation zones to establish community-based forest management were identified.
  • Koumbia is transboundary with Guinea-Bissau.


Site characteristics

Koumbia is located in western Guinea in the prefecture Gaoual and is transboundary with Guinea-Bissau. The French colonial government declared Koumbia a National Park in 1933 (WCF 2012), but the site has no formal protective status at this point. Koumbia does not have a designated IUCN category nor is it listed in the World Database on Protected Areas (UNEP-WCMC and IUCN 2018).

Table 1. Basic site information for Koumbia

Species 'Pan troglodytes verus
Area
Coordinates Lat: 11.58 , Lon: -13.93
Type of site Unknown
Habitat types Not reported
Type of governance

IUCN habitat categories Site designations

Ape status

In 1997, Rebecca Kormos conducted a transect survey around the village Moyerai which is located to the North of the site Koumbia and concluded that chimpanzees were present in relatively high densities (Ham 1998). In 2010, the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation did a transect survey in Koumbia (survey area was bordered by the Sentha river and Guinea-Bissau in the North and the Kongo river and the Boké-Gaoual in the South) and estimated that 296 individuals (CI: 164-532) occurred in the area (WCF 2012).

Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Koumbia

Species Year Occurrence Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day) Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI) Abundance estimate (95% CI) Survey area Sampling method Analytical framework Source Comments A.P.E.S. database ID
Pan troglodytes verus 1997 Present Koumbia village Interviews Ham 1998 Questionnaire survey
Pan troglodytes verus 1997 Present Moyerai (village to the North of Koumbia) Line transects Ham 1998 Total survey effort: 5.2 km
Pan troglodytes verus 2010 0.37 (0.20-0.67) 296 (164-532) Area delineated by the river Kongo and the road Boké - Gaoual in the South and the river Sentha and the border with Guinea-Bissau in the North Line transects WCF 2012 Total survey effort: 109.87 km

Threats

During the survey by the WCF 27 villages were identified in Koumbia with an estimated total population of 2,600 inhabitants (WCF 2012). The most prevalent threat was agriculture (0.46 signs/km) and the high number of roads shows that the site is strongly used by people (WCF 2012). Based on low encounter rates, the WCF concluded that wood extraction, poaching and human settlements likely pose only a minor threat to the wildlife in Koumbia (WCF 2012). However, it was noted that recently, hunters not belonging to the local villages entered the area to hunt bushmeat commercially for urban markets (WCF 2012).

Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Koumbia

Category Specific threats Threat level Description Year of threat
3 Energy production & mining Absent
6 Human intrusions & disturbance Absent
7 Natural system modifications Absent
9 Pollution Absent
10 Geological events Absent
12 Other threat Absent
2 Agriculture & aquaculture 2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops High (more than 70% of population affected) Signs of agriculture were the most prevalent sign of anthropogenic activity (WCF 2012) Ongoing (2012)
4 Transportation & service corridors 4.1 Roads & railroads High (more than 70% of population affected) High number of roads was found at the site (WCF 2012), there are plans to build a new road to the west of the site to a mining site (Alliance Mining Commodities 2018) Ongoing (2012)
1 Residential & commercial development 1.1 Residential areas Low (up to 30% of population affected) Approximately 2,600 people live at the site but are estimated to pose only a minor threat to chimpanzees (WCF 2012) Ongoing (2012)
5 Biological resource use 5.3 Logging & wood harvesting Low (up to 30% of population affected) Wood extraction was estimated to pose only a minor threat to chimpanzees (WCF 2012) Ongoing (2012)
5 Biological resource use 5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals Medium (30-70% of population affected) Poaching by people living at the site was estimated to pose only a minor threat to chimpanzees, but increasingly people from outside are entering the area for commercial hunting (WCF 2012), development of a mining site nearby and the associated population increase might increase wild meat demand Ongoing (2012)
8 Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseases Unknown
11 Climate change & severe weather Unknown

IUCN Threats list

Conservation activities

The European funded AGIR project (Programme Régional d’Appui à la Gestion Intégrée des Ressources Naturelles des Bassins du Niger et de la Gambie) identified 42 conservation zones at this site with the aim of establishing community-based forest management (WCF 2012). AGIR was implemented until 2005 and also encompassed an environmental awareness raising scheme (WCF 2012).

Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Koumbia

Category Specific activity Description Implementing organization(s) Year of activity
7 Economic & other incentives 7.2 Provide non-monetary benefits to local communities for sustainably managing their forest and its wildlife (e.g., better education, infrastructure development) AGIR identified 42 conservation zones to establish community-based forest management (WCF 2012) until 2005

Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)

Challenges

Table 5. Challenges reported for Koumbia

Challenges Specific challenges Source Year(s)
Not reported

Enablers

Table 6. Enablers reported for Koumbia

Enablers Specific enablers Source Year(s)
1 Site management
2 Resources and capacity
3 Engaged community
4 Institutional support
5 Ecological context
6 Safety and stability

Research activities

From 1996 to 1997 Rebecca Kormos (née Ham) did a nationwide surveys on chimpanzees across Guinea and also surveyed parts of Koumbia (Ham 1998). As part of their nationwide inventory of chimpanzee populations in Guinea the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation surveyed Koumbia in 2010 (WCF 2012).

Documented behaviours

Table 7. Behaviours documented for Koumbia

Behavior Source
Not reported

Exposure to climate change impacts

External links

Relevant datasets

References

Alliance Mining Commodities. 2018. Koumbia Bauxite

Brugière D et al. 2009. Distribution of chimpanzees and interactions with humans in Guinea-Bissau and western Guinea, West Africa. Folia Primatologica, 353-358

Ham R. 1998. Nationwide chimpanzee census and large mammal survey Republic of Guinea, PhD thesis, 286 p.

UNEP-WCMC, IUCN. 2018. Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA), Cambridge, UK: UNEP-WCMC and IUCN Online: www.protectedplanet.net

WCF. 2012. Etat de la faune et des menaces dans les aires protégées terrestres et principales zones de forte biodiversité de Rep. de Guinée. Report. Wild Chimpanzee Foundation, Sangaredi, Republic of Guinea. Online: Wild Chimpanzee Foundation


Page created by: A.P.E.S. Wiki Team Date: NA

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