Difference between revisions of "Shasha Forest Reserve"

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<!-- INSTRUCTIONS FOR COMPLETING SITE INFORMATION
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<!-- INSTRUCTIONS FOR UPLOADING SITE INFORMATION
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- Wiki pages contain information in paragraphs, tables, lists, and images.
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- Please consider whether any information you would like to add is sensitive and could be misused to harm apes. Please do not add such information. If unsure, you can contact the Wiki manager (contact details on start page) for clarification.
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   2) List format should not change, i.e. they are comma separated lists, not bullet points or numbered lists.  
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- Tables and keyword lists are extracted as data, and so have the following restrictions:
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   3) To make information comparable across wiki pages, keywords must be taken from the list of permitted words, or added to the list of permitted keywords. This is why we use official lists, e.g., IUCN classification lists, in our tables.
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   1) Table structure cannot be changed
 
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   2) Keyword format should not change, i.e. they are comma separated lists, not bullet points or numbered lists.  
 
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   3) Keywords must be taken from the list of permitted words, or added to the list of permitted keywords. A link to the keyword list page is found adjacent
 
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    to the relevant table or keyword list. This ensures that the same keyword always refers to the same concept, e.g. Everybody uses "Industrial mining",  
 
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    rather than several keywords such as "Industrial mining", "Large-scale mining", and "Mining".  
 
 
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[[West Africa]] > [[Nigeria]] > [[Shasha Forest Reserve]]
  
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[[Region]] > [[Country]] > [[Site]]
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= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with one sentence for each section. May include a site map -->
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<div style="float: right">
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= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with a one sentence overview of each of the following sections. can include a site map -->
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{{#display_map: height=200px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap
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|7.088701, 4.418837~[[Shasha Forest Reserve]]~Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees
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* Ape taxa present  
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}}
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* Ape population size
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</div>
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* Ape population trend  
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* Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes ellioti'') might be present in Shasha Forest Reserve.
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* This site has a total size of XX km².
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* The population size is unknown.
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* Key threats to apes are ...
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* The chimpanzee population trend is decreasing.
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* Additional information
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* The site has a total size of 90 km².
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* Key threats to chimpanzees are logging
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* Conservation activities are not documented.
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* Part of the reserve was de-gazetted for oil palm plantations and cocoa farms.
  
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= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->
  
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= Site characteristics =
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Shasha Forest Reserve is located in the state of Osun, Nigeria. The site is contiguous with Omo Forest to the south. Originally 120 km2, 30 km2 in the northern portion of the reserve were de-gazetted for oil palm plantations and cocoa farms (Greengrass 2006).
  
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'''Table 1. Basic site information for Shasha Forest Reserve'''
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This section includes a paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, a brief history of the site and on animals and plants that are known to occur at the site.
 
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'''Table 1: Basic site information for XXXX'''
 
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"
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| Area             <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha   -->
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| Area <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha -->
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|90 km²
 
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| Coordinates
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|Coordinates
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|7.088701, 4.418837
 
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| Designation     <!-- National Park, Nature Reserve, etc.  -->
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|Designation
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|Forest Reserve
 
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|Habitat types   <!-- List IUCN Habitat Classification 3.0 categories present (Without number), see link below -->
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|Habitat types <!-- List IUCN Habitat Classification 3.0 categories present (without number), see link below -->
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|Plantations, subtropical/tropical heavily degraded forest
 
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[http://www.unitar.org/hiroshima/sites/unitar.org.hiroshima/files/Annex%201%20-%20IUCN%20Classification%20Schemes.pdf IUCN habitat categories]   [[Site designations]]
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[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/habitat-classification-scheme IUCN habitat categories] [[Site designations]]
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<br>
 
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= Ape status =  <!-- a text overview of ape status (population sizes, trends etc), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->
 
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= Ape status = <!--An overview of ape population status (population sizes, trends, etc.), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->
  
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This section includes a brief summary of the survey history, the most recent abundance estimate, date of the estimate, and, if available, the population trend (if explicitely stated in a report/paper).
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A 2006 survey did not find any direct or indirect evidence of chimpanzees occurring in the site. Chimpanzees have not been directly observed in several years, and due to increasing logging and habitat disturbance, the population is likely to be decreasing or already extinct (Greengrass 2006).
  
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'''Table 2. Ape population estimates in Shasha Forest Reserve'''
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'''Table 2: Ape population estimates in XXXX'''
 
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"
 
! Species
 
! Species
 
! Year
 
! Year
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! Abundance estimate (95% confidence interval)
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! Abundance estimate (95% CI)
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! Density estimate (per km²)
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! Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
 
! Encounter rate (nests/km)
 
! Encounter rate (nests/km)
 
! Area
 
! Area
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! A.P.E.S. database ID
 
! A.P.E.S. database ID
 
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|''Pan troglodytes ellioti''
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|2006
 
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|0
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|Shasha Forest Reserve
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|Index survey (reconnaissance walk)
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|Greengrass 2006
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= Threats =    <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats -->
 
= Threats =    <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats -->
  
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The main threat to wildlife in the reserve is illegal, uncontrolled logging  (Greengrass 2006).
  
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This sections describes threats at the site, particularly those relevant for apes and thereby provides context for the threats listed in the table below.
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'''Table 3. Threats to apes in Shasha Forest Reserve'''
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'''Table 3: Threats to apes in XXXX'''
 
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"
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!align="left"|Category <!-- Do not change threat categories -->
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!align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE THREAT CATEGORIES -->
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!Specific threats   <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the list linked below -->
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!Specific threats <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the IUCN list linked below -->
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!Threat level       <!-- For threat level, please use keywords: unknown, low, high -->
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!Threat level <!-- For threat level, please use keywords: low, medium, high, present, absent, unknown-->
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!Quantified severity <!-- e.g., encounter rate, number of miners etc. (with reference)-->
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!Quantified severity <!-- Enter any available quantification of the threat, e.g., the proportion of the area affected by the threat, hunting sign encounter rates-->
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!Description         <!-- You can add descriptive information here -->
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!Description <!-- Add descriptive information -->
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!Year of threat     <!-- if ongoing or unknown add year of reference in brackets-->
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!Year of threat <!-- Enter specific year(s), “ongoing”, or “unknown”. If the threat is ongoing, please add the year of reference in parentheses -->
 
|-
 
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|1. Residential & commercial development
 
|1. Residential & commercial development
 
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|Unknown
 
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|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
 
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
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|2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops
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|High
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|30 sq km
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|Part of the reserve was de-gazetted and converted into oil palm plantations and cocoa farms (Greengrass 2006).
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|Ongoing (2006)
 
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|3. Energy production & mining
 
|3. Energy production & mining
 
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|Unknown
 
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|4. Transportation & service corridors
 
|4. Transportation & service corridors
 
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|Unknown
 
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|5. Biological resource use
 
|5. Biological resource use
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|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
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|High
 
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|Habitat loss due to illegal logging (Greengrass 2006).
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|Ongoing (2006)
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|6. Human intrusions & disturbance
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|6. Human intrusion & disturbance
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|Unknown
 
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|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
 
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
 
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|Absent
 
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|11. Climate change & severe weather
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| 11. Climate change & severe weather
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|Unknown
 
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|12. Other options
 
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[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list]
 
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list]
  
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= Conservation activities =      <!-- A summary of the conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->
  
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'''Table 4. Conservation activities in Shasha Forest Reserve'''
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= Conservation activities =      <!-- a text overview of conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->
 
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This sections describes conservation interventions implemented at the site, including information on which organizations are implementing them and thereby provides context for the conservation activities listed in the table below.
 
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'''Table 4: Conservation activities in XXXX'''
 
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"
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!align="left"|Category <!-- Do not change threat categories -->
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!align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE CATEGORIES -->
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!Specific activity   <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the list linked below -->
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!Specific activity <!-- For specific threats, please use list from the list linked below, OR enter “Not reported” -->
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!Description         <!-- You can add descriptive information here -->
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!Description <!-- Add descriptive information -->
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!Year of activity         <!-- if ongoing or unknown add year of reference in brackets -->
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!Year of activity <!-- Add descriptive information -->
 
|-
 
|-
 
|1. Residential & commercial development
 
|1. Residential & commercial development
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|
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|Not reported
 
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|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
 
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
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|Not reported
 
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|-
 
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|3. Energy production & mining
 
|3. Energy production & mining
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|Not reported
 
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|-
 
|-
 
|4. Transportation & service corridors
 
|4. Transportation & service corridors
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|Not reported
 
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|-
 
|-
 
|5. Biological resource use
 
|5. Biological resource use
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|Not reported
 
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|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
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|6. Human intrusions & disturbance
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|6. Human intrusion & disturbance
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|
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|Not reported
 
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|-
 
|-
 
|7. Natural system modifications
 
|7. Natural system modifications
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|Not reported
 
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|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
 
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
−
|
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|Not reported
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|9. Pollution
 
|9. Pollution
−
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|Not reported
 
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|
 
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|-
 
|-
 
|10. Education & Awareness  
 
|10. Education & Awareness  
−
|
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|Not reported
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|11. Habitat Protection
 
|11. Habitat Protection
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|Not reported
 
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|
 
|-
 
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|12. Species Management
 
|12. Species Management
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|Not reported
 
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|
 
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|-
 
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|13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives  
 
|13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives  
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|Not reported
 
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[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]
 
[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]
  
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= Challenges = <!-- Overview of challenges in ape conservation -->
  
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'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Shasha Forest Reserve'''
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= Impediments = <!-- Overview of impediments to ape conservation -->
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="challenges-table"
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!align="left"|Challenge <!-- Do not change categories -->
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!Source <!-- Source for challenge mentioned -->
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Description of impediments that may hamper conservation activities.
 
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'''Table 5: Impediments reported for XXXX'''
 
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="impediments-table"
 
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!align="left"|Impediment  <!-- Do not change categories -->
 
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!Source   <!-- source for impediment mentioned -->
 
 
|-
 
|-
−
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|Not reported
 
|
 
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|-
 
|-
 
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|}
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= Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities -->
 
= Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities -->
−
 
−
 
−
Short description of past and ongoing research activities at the site.
 
−
 
  
 
===Documented behaviours===  <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->
 
===Documented behaviours===  <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->
  
−
'''Table 6: Ape behaviors reported for XXXX'''
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'''Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Shasha Forest Reserve'''
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"
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!align="left"|Behavior <!-- Do not change categories -->
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!align="left"|Behavior
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!Source   <!-- source for behavior -->
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!Source
 
|-
 
|-
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|Not reported
 
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|-
 
|-
 
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|}
  
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=External links=
−
===Relevant datasets===
 
−
[http://apesportal.eva.mpg.de/database/archiveMap A.P.E.S Portal]
 
−
 
 
−
<br>
 
−
 
 
  
 
= References =
 
= References =
−
 
+
Greengrass, E.J. (2006). A survey of chimpanzees in south-west Nigeria. Report to the NCF-WCS Biodiversity Research Programme. <br>
  
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
'''Page completed by:'''XXXX '''   Date:''' DD/MM/YY  <br>
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'''Page completed by: '''A.P.E.S. Wiki team''' Date:''' 07/03/2023 <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->
−
 
 
−
<i>Please consider whether any information you would like to add is sensitive and could be misused to harm apes. Please do not add such information. If unsure, you can contact the Wiki manager (contact details on start page) for clarification.</i>
 
−
<br><br>
 

Latest revision as of 06:10, 7 March 2023

West Africa > Nigeria > Shasha Forest Reserve

Summary[edit]

Loading map...
  • Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes ellioti) might be present in Shasha Forest Reserve.
  • The population size is unknown.
  • The chimpanzee population trend is decreasing.
  • The site has a total size of 90 km².
  • Key threats to chimpanzees are logging
  • Conservation activities are not documented.
  • Part of the reserve was de-gazetted for oil palm plantations and cocoa farms.

Site characteristics[edit]

Shasha Forest Reserve is located in the state of Osun, Nigeria. The site is contiguous with Omo Forest to the south. Originally 120 km2, 30 km2 in the northern portion of the reserve were de-gazetted for oil palm plantations and cocoa farms (Greengrass 2006).

Table 1. Basic site information for Shasha Forest Reserve

Area 90 km²
Coordinates 7.088701, 4.418837
Designation Forest Reserve
Habitat types Plantations, subtropical/tropical heavily degraded forest

IUCN habitat categories Site designations

Ape status[edit]

A 2006 survey did not find any direct or indirect evidence of chimpanzees occurring in the site. Chimpanzees have not been directly observed in several years, and due to increasing logging and habitat disturbance, the population is likely to be decreasing or already extinct (Greengrass 2006).

Table 2. Ape population estimates in Shasha Forest Reserve

Species Year Abundance estimate (95% CI) Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI) Encounter rate (nests/km) Area Method Source Comments A.P.E.S. database ID
Pan troglodytes ellioti 2006 0 Shasha Forest Reserve Index survey (reconnaissance walk) Greengrass 2006

Threats[edit]

The main threat to wildlife in the reserve is illegal, uncontrolled logging (Greengrass 2006).

Table 3. Threats to apes in Shasha Forest Reserve

Category Specific threats Threat level Quantified severity Description Year of threat
1. Residential & commercial development Unknown
2. Agriculture & aquaculture 2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops High 30 sq km Part of the reserve was de-gazetted and converted into oil palm plantations and cocoa farms (Greengrass 2006). Ongoing (2006)
3. Energy production & mining Unknown
4. Transportation & service corridors Unknown
5. Biological resource use 5.3 Logging & wood harvesting High Habitat loss due to illegal logging (Greengrass 2006). Ongoing (2006)
6. Human intrusion & disturbance Unknown
7. Natural system modifications Unknown
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases Unknown
9. Pollution Unknown
10. Geological Events Absent
11. Climate change & severe weather Unknown
12. Other options Absent

IUCN Threats list

Conservation activities[edit]

Table 4. Conservation activities in Shasha Forest Reserve

Category Specific activity Description Year of activity
1. Residential & commercial development Not reported
2. Agriculture & aquaculture Not reported
3. Energy production & mining Not reported
4. Transportation & service corridors Not reported
5. Biological resource use Not reported
6. Human intrusion & disturbance Not reported
7. Natural system modifications Not reported
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases Not reported
9. Pollution Not reported
10. Education & Awareness Not reported
11. Habitat Protection Not reported
12. Species Management Not reported
13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives Not reported

Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)

Challenges[edit]

Table 5. Challenges reported for Shasha Forest Reserve

Challenge Source
Not reported

Research activities[edit]

Documented behaviours[edit]

Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Shasha Forest Reserve

Behavior Source
Not reported

External links[edit]

References[edit]

Greengrass, E.J. (2006). A survey of chimpanzees in south-west Nigeria. Report to the NCF-WCS Biodiversity Research Programme.


Page completed by: A.P.E.S. Wiki team Date: 07/03/2023

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