Difference between revisions of "Bu Gia Map National Park"
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+ | [[Asia]] > [[Vietnam]] > [[Bu Gia Map National Park]] | ||
− | + | = Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with one sentence for each section. May include a site map --> | |
− | + | <div style="float: right"> | |
− | = Summary = | + | {{#display_map: height=200px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap |
− | + | |12.141419, 107.185768~[[Bu Gia Map National Park]]~Southern yellow-cheeked gibbons | |
− | * | + | }} |
− | * | + | </div> |
− | * | + | * Southern yellow-cheeked gibbons (''Nomascus gabriellae'') are present in Bu Gia Map National Park. |
− | * | + | * It has been estimated that 124 (95% CI: 122-132) groups occur in the site. |
− | * Key threats to | + | * The gibbon population trend is unknown. |
− | * | + | * The site has a total size of 260 km². |
+ | * Key threats to gibbons include logging, agricultural encroachment, hunting, and illegal pet trade. | ||
+ | * Conservation activities have focused on environmental education, species threat assessments, and training of park staff in survey methods. | ||
+ | = Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information --> | ||
− | + | Bu Gia Map National Park is located in southern Vietnam. Together with Cat Tien National Park, the parks hold the largest population of southern yellow-cheeked gibbons in the country (Rawson et al. 2011). | |
− | + | '''Table 1. Basic site information for Bu Gia Map National Park''' | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | '''Table 1 | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information" | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information" | ||
− | | Area | + | | Area <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha --> |
− | | | + | |260 km² |
|- | |- | ||
− | | Coordinates | + | |Coordinates |
− | | | + | |12.141419, 107.185768 |
|- | |- | ||
− | | Designation | + | |Designation |
− | + | |National Park | |
|- | |- | ||
− | |Habitat types | + | |Habitat types <!-- List IUCN Habitat Classification 3.0 categories present (without number), see link below --> |
− | | | + | |Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest |
|} | |} | ||
− | [ | + | [https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/habitat-classification-scheme IUCN habitat categories] [[Site designations]] |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | = Ape status = | + | = Ape status = <!--An overview of ape population status (population sizes, trends, etc.), followed by a table of specific surveys and results --> |
+ | At Bu Gia Map National Park, gibbon populations are partly contiguous with those in other Vietnamese sites as well as Seima Protected Forest in Cambodia (Rawson et al. 2011). Cat Tien and Bu Gia Map National Parks are key sites for the conservation of N. gabriellae in Vietnam; Bu Gia Map National Park supports one of the largest known populations (Rawson et al. 2011). In 2010, a population census over an area of 16,500 ha using 36 listening posts estimated 0.54 groups/km2 (95% CI: 0.51-0.58) (Rawson et al. 2011). Based on a total suitable habitat of 22,800 ha, the total number of groups inside the national park is estimated to be 124 (95% CI: 122-132). In 2007, at least 200 individuals were estimated to occur in the park (Luu Hong Truong et al. 2007). | ||
− | + | '''Table 2. Ape population estimates in Bu Gia Map National Park''' | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | '''Table 2 | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table" | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table" | ||
! Species | ! Species | ||
! Year | ! Year | ||
− | ! | + | ! Total number indiv. (95% CI) |
− | ! | + | ! Total number groups (95% CI) |
− | ! | + | ! Density [groups/km²] (95% CI) |
! Area | ! Area | ||
! Method | ! Method | ||
Line 72: | Line 59: | ||
! A.P.E.S. database ID | ! A.P.E.S. database ID | ||
|- | |- | ||
+ | |''Nomascus gabriellae'' | ||
+ | |2010 | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |0.54 (0.51-0.58) |
− | | | + | |16,500 ha |
− | | | + | |Fixed-point triangulation |
− | | | + | |Rawson et al. 2011 |
− | |||
− | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 86: | Line 73: | ||
= Threats = <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats --> | = Threats = <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats --> | ||
+ | Gibbons are commonly held as pets in hotels and private zoos in southern Vietnam; most of these individuals are likely sourced from the wild. In 2010, hunting with guns was frequently observed in the commune and nearby Bu Gia Map National Park. Additionally, agricultural encroachment, illegal logging, exploitation of non-timber forest products and infrastructure development are key threats to biodiversity in this park (Rawson et al. 2011). | ||
− | + | '''Table 3. Threats to apes in Bu Gia Map National Park''' | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | '''Table 3 | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table" | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table" | ||
− | !align="left"|Category | + | !align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE THREAT CATEGORIES --> |
− | !Specific threats | + | !Specific threats <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the IUCN list linked below --> |
− | !Threat level | + | !Threat level <!-- For threat level, please use keywords: low, medium, high, present, absent, unknown--> |
− | !Quantified severity <!-- e.g., encounter | + | !Quantified severity <!-- Enter any available quantification of the threat, e.g., the proportion of the area affected by the threat, hunting sign encounter rates--> |
− | !Description | + | !Description <!-- Add descriptive information --> |
− | !Year of threat | + | !Year of threat <!-- Enter specific year(s), “ongoing”, or “unknown”. If the threat is ongoing, please add the year of reference in parentheses --> |
|- | |- | ||
|1. Residential & commercial development | |1. Residential & commercial development | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |Unknown |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 107: | Line 92: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture | |2. Agriculture & aquaculture | ||
+ | |2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops | ||
+ | |High | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |Agricultural encroachment (Rawson et al. 2011). |
− | | | + | |Ongoing (2011) |
− | |||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
|3. Energy production & mining | |3. Energy production & mining | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |Unknown |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 121: | Line 106: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|4. Transportation & service corridors | |4. Transportation & service corridors | ||
+ | |4.1 Roads & railroads | ||
+ | |High | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |The construction of a road in Quang Truc Commune has probably increased hunting access to the park and has also partly isolated the populations in the park and in Quang Truc Commune from populations in Cambodia (Rawson et al. 2011). |
− | | | + | |Ongoing (2011) |
− | |||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
|5. Biological resource use | |5. Biological resource use | ||
+ | |5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals | ||
+ | |High | ||
| | | | ||
+ | |Hunting with guns (Rawson et al. 2011). | ||
+ | |Ongoing (2011) | ||
+ | |- | ||
| | | | ||
+ | |5.2 Gathering terrestrial plants | ||
+ | |High | ||
| | | | ||
+ | |Exploitation of non-timber forest products (Rawson et al. 2011). | ||
+ | |Ongoing (2011) | ||
+ | |- | ||
| | | | ||
+ | |5.3 Logging & wood harvesting | ||
+ | |High | ||
| | | | ||
+ | |Illegal logging (Rawson et al. 2011). | ||
+ | |Ongoing (2011) | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |6. Human | + | |6. Human intrusion & disturbance |
− | |||
| | | | ||
+ | |Unknown | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
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|7. Natural system modifications | |7. Natural system modifications | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |Unknown |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 150: | Line 149: | ||
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases | |8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |Unknown |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
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|9. Pollution | |9. Pollution | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |Unknown |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
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|10. Geological Events | |10. Geological Events | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |Absent |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |11. Climate change & severe weather | + | | 11. Climate change & severe weather |
− | |||
| | | | ||
+ | |Unknown | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 177: | Line 176: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|12. Other options | |12. Other options | ||
+ | |12.1 Other threat | ||
+ | |High | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |Capture of gibbons for illegal pet trade. Gibbons are caught by shooting mothers who fall clutching their infants. If they survive the fall, the infants are taken (Rawson et al. 2011). |
− | | | + | |Ongoing (2011) |
− | |||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list] | [https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list] | ||
+ | = Conservation activities = <!-- A summary of the conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities --> | ||
+ | Species threat assessments, environmental education activities and training of park staff in gibbon survey techniques is implemented at the park (Rawson et al. 2011). | ||
− | + | '''Table 4. Conservation activities in Bu Gia Map National Park''' | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | '''Table 4 | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table" | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table" | ||
− | !align="left"|Category | + | !align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE CATEGORIES --> |
− | !Specific activity | + | !Specific activity <!-- For specific threats, please use list from the list linked below, OR enter “Not reported” --> |
− | !Description | + | !Description <!-- Add descriptive information --> |
− | !Year of activity | + | !Year of activity <!-- Add descriptive information --> |
|- | |- | ||
|1. Residential & commercial development | |1. Residential & commercial development | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture | |2. Agriculture & aquaculture | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|3. Energy production & mining | |3. Energy production & mining | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|4. Transportation & service corridors | |4. Transportation & service corridors | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|5. Biological resource use | |5. Biological resource use | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |6. Human | + | |6. Human intrusion & disturbance |
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|7. Natural system modifications | |7. Natural system modifications | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases | |8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|9. Pollution | |9. Pollution | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|10. Education & Awareness | |10. Education & Awareness | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|11. Habitat Protection | |11. Habitat Protection | ||
− | | | + | |11.2. Legally protect primate habitat |
− | | | + | |The site is a National Park. |
− | | | + | |Ongoing (2022) |
|- | |- | ||
|12. Species Management | |12. Species Management | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives | |13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 270: | Line 264: | ||
[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]] | [[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]] | ||
+ | = Challenges = <!-- Overview of challenges in ape conservation --> | ||
− | + | '''Table 5. Challenges reported for Bu Gia Map National Park''' | |
− | + | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="challenges-table" | |
− | + | !align="left"|Challenge <!-- Do not change categories --> | |
− | + | !Source <!-- Source for challenge mentioned --> | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | '''Table 5 | ||
− | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class=" | ||
− | !align="left"| | ||
− | !Source | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
− | |||
− | |||
= Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities --> | = Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities --> | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
===Documented behaviours=== <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations --> | ===Documented behaviours=== <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations --> | ||
− | '''Table 6 | + | '''Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Bu Gia Map National Park''' |
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table" | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table" | ||
− | !align="left"|Behavior | + | !align="left"|Behavior |
− | !Source | + | !Source |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
− | + | =External links= | |
− | == | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
= References = | = References = | ||
− | + | Rawson, B. M, Insua-Cao, P., Nguyen Manh Ha, Van Ngoc Thinh, Hoang Minh Duc, Mahood, S., Geissmann, T. and Roos, C. (2011). The Conservation Status of Gibbons in Vietnam. Fauna & Flora International/Conservation International, Hanoi, Vietnam<br> | |
+ | Luu Hong Truong, Hoang Minh Duc, Nguyen Tran Vy, Ly Ngoc Sam, Dang Van Son, Nguyen Ngoc Sang, and Nguyen Quoc Dat. (2007). [Biodiversity assessment of Bu Gia Map National Park]. Center for Biodiversity and Development, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. In Vietnamese. <br> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
− | '''Page completed by:''' | + | '''Page completed by: '''A.P.E.S. Wiki team''' Date:''' 11/04/2022 <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" --> |
− | |||
− | |||
− |
Latest revision as of 11:06, 11 April 2022
Asia > Vietnam > Bu Gia Map National Park
Summary
- Southern yellow-cheeked gibbons (Nomascus gabriellae) are present in Bu Gia Map National Park.
- It has been estimated that 124 (95% CI: 122-132) groups occur in the site.
- The gibbon population trend is unknown.
- The site has a total size of 260 km².
- Key threats to gibbons include logging, agricultural encroachment, hunting, and illegal pet trade.
- Conservation activities have focused on environmental education, species threat assessments, and training of park staff in survey methods.
Site characteristics
Bu Gia Map National Park is located in southern Vietnam. Together with Cat Tien National Park, the parks hold the largest population of southern yellow-cheeked gibbons in the country (Rawson et al. 2011).
Table 1. Basic site information for Bu Gia Map National Park
Area | 260 km² |
Coordinates | 12.141419, 107.185768 |
Designation | National Park |
Habitat types | Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest |
IUCN habitat categories Site designations
Ape status
At Bu Gia Map National Park, gibbon populations are partly contiguous with those in other Vietnamese sites as well as Seima Protected Forest in Cambodia (Rawson et al. 2011). Cat Tien and Bu Gia Map National Parks are key sites for the conservation of N. gabriellae in Vietnam; Bu Gia Map National Park supports one of the largest known populations (Rawson et al. 2011). In 2010, a population census over an area of 16,500 ha using 36 listening posts estimated 0.54 groups/km2 (95% CI: 0.51-0.58) (Rawson et al. 2011). Based on a total suitable habitat of 22,800 ha, the total number of groups inside the national park is estimated to be 124 (95% CI: 122-132). In 2007, at least 200 individuals were estimated to occur in the park (Luu Hong Truong et al. 2007).
Table 2. Ape population estimates in Bu Gia Map National Park
Species | Year | Total number indiv. (95% CI) | Total number groups (95% CI) | Density [groups/km²] (95% CI) | Area | Method | Source | Comments | A.P.E.S. database ID |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nomascus gabriellae | 2010 | 0.54 (0.51-0.58) | 16,500 ha | Fixed-point triangulation | Rawson et al. 2011 |
Threats
Gibbons are commonly held as pets in hotels and private zoos in southern Vietnam; most of these individuals are likely sourced from the wild. In 2010, hunting with guns was frequently observed in the commune and nearby Bu Gia Map National Park. Additionally, agricultural encroachment, illegal logging, exploitation of non-timber forest products and infrastructure development are key threats to biodiversity in this park (Rawson et al. 2011).
Table 3. Threats to apes in Bu Gia Map National Park
Category | Specific threats | Threat level | Quantified severity | Description | Year of threat |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Residential & commercial development | Unknown | ||||
2. Agriculture & aquaculture | 2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops | High | Agricultural encroachment (Rawson et al. 2011). | Ongoing (2011) | |
3. Energy production & mining | Unknown | ||||
4. Transportation & service corridors | 4.1 Roads & railroads | High | The construction of a road in Quang Truc Commune has probably increased hunting access to the park and has also partly isolated the populations in the park and in Quang Truc Commune from populations in Cambodia (Rawson et al. 2011). | Ongoing (2011) | |
5. Biological resource use | 5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals | High | Hunting with guns (Rawson et al. 2011). | Ongoing (2011) | |
5.2 Gathering terrestrial plants | High | Exploitation of non-timber forest products (Rawson et al. 2011). | Ongoing (2011) | ||
5.3 Logging & wood harvesting | High | Illegal logging (Rawson et al. 2011). | Ongoing (2011) | ||
6. Human intrusion & disturbance | Unknown | ||||
7. Natural system modifications | Unknown | ||||
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases | Unknown | ||||
9. Pollution | Unknown | ||||
10. Geological Events | Absent | ||||
11. Climate change & severe weather | Unknown | ||||
12. Other options | 12.1 Other threat | High | Capture of gibbons for illegal pet trade. Gibbons are caught by shooting mothers who fall clutching their infants. If they survive the fall, the infants are taken (Rawson et al. 2011). | Ongoing (2011) |
Conservation activities
Species threat assessments, environmental education activities and training of park staff in gibbon survey techniques is implemented at the park (Rawson et al. 2011).
Table 4. Conservation activities in Bu Gia Map National Park
Category | Specific activity | Description | Year of activity |
---|---|---|---|
1. Residential & commercial development | Not reported | ||
2. Agriculture & aquaculture | Not reported | ||
3. Energy production & mining | Not reported | ||
4. Transportation & service corridors | Not reported | ||
5. Biological resource use | Not reported | ||
6. Human intrusion & disturbance | Not reported | ||
7. Natural system modifications | Not reported | ||
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases | Not reported | ||
9. Pollution | Not reported | ||
10. Education & Awareness | Not reported | ||
11. Habitat Protection | 11.2. Legally protect primate habitat | The site is a National Park. | Ongoing (2022) |
12. Species Management | Not reported | ||
13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives | Not reported |
Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)
Challenges
Table 5. Challenges reported for Bu Gia Map National Park
Challenge | Source |
---|---|
Not reported |
Research activities
Documented behaviours
Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Bu Gia Map National Park
Behavior | Source |
---|---|
Not reported |
External links
References
Rawson, B. M, Insua-Cao, P., Nguyen Manh Ha, Van Ngoc Thinh, Hoang Minh Duc, Mahood, S., Geissmann, T. and Roos, C. (2011). The Conservation Status of Gibbons in Vietnam. Fauna & Flora International/Conservation International, Hanoi, Vietnam
Luu Hong Truong, Hoang Minh Duc, Nguyen Tran Vy, Ly Ngoc Sam, Dang Van Son, Nguyen Ngoc Sang, and Nguyen Quoc Dat. (2007). [Biodiversity assessment of Bu Gia Map National Park]. Center for Biodiversity and Development, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. In Vietnamese.
Page completed by: A.P.E.S. Wiki team Date: 11/04/2022