Difference between revisions of "Oba Hills Forest Reserve"

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= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with one sentence for each section. May include a site map -->
 
= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with one sentence for each section. May include a site map -->
* Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes ellioti'') are present in Oba Hills Forest Reserve.
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* Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes ellioti'') have been present in Oba Hills Forest Reserve.
 
* Chimpanzees are extinct or nearly extinct at the site.
 
* Chimpanzees are extinct or nearly extinct at the site.
 
* The population trend is unknown.
 
* The population trend is unknown.
 
* The site has a total size of 68 km².
 
* The site has a total size of 68 km².
* Key threats to chimpanzees are XXXXX.
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* Key threats to chimpanzees are logging, farming, hunting, and fires.
* Conservation activities have focused on XXXXXX.
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* Conservation activities are not reported.
  
 
= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->
 
= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->
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|Coordinates
 
|Coordinates
|7.783 N, 4.117 E
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|7.783, 4.117
 
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|Designation
 
|Designation
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|5. Biological resource use
 
|5. Biological resource use
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|Not reported
 
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= Challenges = <!-- Overview of challenges in ape conservation -->
 
= Challenges = <!-- Overview of challenges in ape conservation -->
  
INSERT PARAGRAPH(S)
 
  
 
'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Oba Hills Forest Reserve'''
 
'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Oba Hills Forest Reserve'''
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=External links=
 
  
===Relevant datasets===
 
[http://apesportal.eva.mpg.de/database/archiveMap A.P.E.S Portal]
 
  
 
= References =
 
= References =

Latest revision as of 05:45, 17 October 2022

West Africa > Nigeria > Oba Hills Forest Reserve

Summary[edit]

  • Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes ellioti) have been present in Oba Hills Forest Reserve.
  • Chimpanzees are extinct or nearly extinct at the site.
  • The population trend is unknown.
  • The site has a total size of 68 km².
  • Key threats to chimpanzees are logging, farming, hunting, and fires.
  • Conservation activities are not reported.

Site characteristics[edit]

Located in the south-western state of Osun, in Nigeria, the site encompasses three hills and a valley in between.

Table 1. Basic site information for Oba Hills Forest Reserve

Area 68 km²
Coordinates 7.783, 4.117
Designation Forest Reserve
Habitat types Arable land, plantations, subtropical/tropical heavily degraded forest, savanna, shrubland, subtropical/tropical swamp forest

IUCN habitat categories Site designations

Ape status[edit]

Based on a survey in 2006, chimpanzees are likely to be extinct or nearly extinct in the area (Greengrass 2006). Only a chimpanzee-like vocalization was heard during the survey (Greengrass 2009). The last time local people reported seeing chimpanzees was in 2002 (Greengrass 2006), and in 1999 a dead chimpanzee was offered for sale in a nearby market (Oates et al. 2003 in Kormos et al. 2003).

Table 2. Ape population estimates in Oba Hills Forest Reserve

Species Year Abundance estimate (95% CI) Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI) Encounter rate (nests/km) Area Method Source Comments A.P.E.S. database ID
Pan troglodytes ellioti 2006 0 Oba Hills Forest Reserve Index survey (reconnaissance walk) and interviews Greengrass 2006

Threats[edit]

Taungya farming has spread throughout the bottom of the hills, and also halfway up the slopes (Greengrass 2006). In 2006, the hills were also being deforested and logged; scrubby vegetation growing back on the hills was frequently burnt, thus preventing regeneration (Greengrass 2006). In the western part of Oba Hills, there was once a large teak plantation, covering 12% of the total area, but since the plantation has been over-exploited, only coppices remain (Greengrass 2006).

Table 3. Threats to apes in Oba Hills Forest Reserve

Category Specific threats Threat level Quantified severity Description Year of threat
1. Residential & commercial development Unknown
2. Agriculture & aquaculture 2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops High All the land surrounding the three hills is subject to taungya farming, and the hills are being deforested; barely any forest is left (Greengrass 2006). Ongoing (2006)
2. Agriculture & aquaculture 2.2 Wood & pulp plantations Present, but threat severity is unknown Teak plantation covered 12% of the area (Oates et al. 2003). Unknown
3. Energy production & mining Unknown
4. Transportation & service corridors Unknown
5. Biological resource use 5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals High The chimpanzee population has been hunted likely to the point of extirpation; hunting of other species (e.g., duikers) continues (Greengrass 2006, Wahab 2016). Ongoing (2016)
6. Human intrusion & disturbance Unknown
7. Natural system modifications 7.1 Fire & fire suppression High Repeated anthropogenic bush fires in the core of the reserve (Wahab 2016). Ongoing (2016)
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases Unknown
9. Pollution Absent
10. Geological Events Absent
11. Climate change & severe weather Unknown
12. Other options Absent

IUCN Threats list

Conservation activities[edit]

Table 4. Conservation activities in Oba Hills Forest Reserve

Category Specific activity Description Year of activity
1. Residential & commercial development Not reported
2. Agriculture & aquaculture Not reported
3. Energy production & mining Not reported
4. Transportation & service corridors Not reported
5. Biological resource use Not reported
6. Human intrusion & disturbance Not reported
7. Natural system modifications Not reported
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases Not reported
9. Pollution Not reported
10. Education & Awareness Not reported
11. Habitat Protection 11.2. Legally protect primate habitat The forest reserve was established in 1955 (Wahab 2016). Since 1955
12. Species Management Not reported
13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives Not reported

Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)

Challenges[edit]

Table 5. Challenges reported for Oba Hills Forest Reserve

Challenge Source
Lack of financial means Greengrass 2006
Lack of law enforcement Greengrass 2006
Corruption Greengrass 2006

Research activities[edit]

Documented behaviours[edit]

Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Oba Hills Forest Reserve

Behavior Source
Not reported


References[edit]

Greengrass, E.J. (2006). A survey of chimpanzees in south-west Nigeria. Report to the NCF-WCS Biodiversity Research Programme.
Greengrass, E.J. (2009). Chimpanzees are close to extinction in Southwest Nigeria. Primate Conservation 24(1), 77-83. doi: 10.1896/052.024.0105
Kormos, R., Boesch, C., Bakarr, M.I., Butynaki, T.M. (2003) West African Chimpanzees: Status survey and conservation action plan. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN.
Wahab, M.K.A. (2016). Wildlife Environmental Conservation: A Case Study of Oba Hill Forest Reserve. J Ecosys Ecograph, 6(214). doi: 10.4172/2157-7625.1000214


Page completed by: A.P.E.S. Wiki Team Date: 15/11/2020