Difference between revisions of "Budongo Forest Reserve"
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3) To make information comparable across wiki pages, keywords must be taken from the list of permitted words, or added to the list of permitted keywords. This is why we use official lists, e.g., IUCN classification lists, in our tables. | 3) To make information comparable across wiki pages, keywords must be taken from the list of permitted words, or added to the list of permitted keywords. This is why we use official lists, e.g., IUCN classification lists, in our tables. | ||
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− | [[East Africa]] > [[Uganda]] > [[Budongo Forest Reserve]] | + | [[East Africa]] > [[Uganda]] > [[Budongo Central Forest Reserve]] |
= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with one sentence for each section. May include a site map --> | = Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with one sentence for each section. May include a site map --> | ||
− | [[File:Budongo_chimpanzee.jpg | 400px | thumb| right | Budongo chimpanzees © Cat Hobaiter]] | + | [[File:Budongo_chimpanzee.jpg | 400px | thumb| right |Budongo chimpanzees © Cat Hobaiter]] |
− | * Eastern chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii'') are present in the Budongo Forest Reserve | + | * Eastern chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii'') are present in the Budongo Central Forest Reserve. |
− | + | * The population trend is decreasing. | |
− | * The population trend is | + | * The site has a total size of 435 km². |
− | * The site has a total size of | ||
* Key threats to chimpanzees are logging, hunting, transmission of respiratory diseases, and human encroachment. | * Key threats to chimpanzees are logging, hunting, transmission of respiratory diseases, and human encroachment. | ||
− | * The Budongo Conservation Field Station (BCFS) is actively involved in the implementation of conservation activities, such as conservation awareness raising | + | * The Budongo Conservation Field Station (BCFS) is actively involved in the implementation of conservation activities, such as conservation awareness raising, alternative livelihood programs, and providing veterinary care. |
− | * The BCFS was | + | * The BCFS was founded in 1990 by Professor Vernon Reynolds, who first started studying chimpanzees in the Budongo forest in 1962. |
= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information --> | = Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information --> | ||
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The Budongo Forest is a moist, semi-deciduous tropical rain forest located at the top of the Albertine Rift, situated between 1° 37 N - 2° 03 N and 31° 22 - 31° 46 E. It is classified as a Central Forest Reserve and comprises 435 km² of continuous forest cover. In addition there are numerous strips of riverine forest, perhaps some 100 km in total, forming arms of forest that stretch out into the surrounding areas, mainly sugar cane plantations and other cropland. The forest is of a medium altitude (average 1,100m). The land slopes from southeast to northwest, and its four main rivers, the Waisoke, the Sonso, the Kamirambwa and the Siba, flow towards the northwest towards the Albertine Rift. Annual rainfall varies between about 1200 and 2200 mm (average 1600 mm). Most rain falls between March and May and between September and November with a dry season between December and February. At this time, the daytime heat can be substantial, food supply is low, and chimpanzees spend much time on the forest floor in deep shade. In general, however, temperatures are relatively even during the year varying between 19°C and 32°C. The nearest large town is Masindi, but much of the land around Budongo Forest is under cultivation with houses, villages, schools and markets (BCFS n.d.). | The Budongo Forest is a moist, semi-deciduous tropical rain forest located at the top of the Albertine Rift, situated between 1° 37 N - 2° 03 N and 31° 22 - 31° 46 E. It is classified as a Central Forest Reserve and comprises 435 km² of continuous forest cover. In addition there are numerous strips of riverine forest, perhaps some 100 km in total, forming arms of forest that stretch out into the surrounding areas, mainly sugar cane plantations and other cropland. The forest is of a medium altitude (average 1,100m). The land slopes from southeast to northwest, and its four main rivers, the Waisoke, the Sonso, the Kamirambwa and the Siba, flow towards the northwest towards the Albertine Rift. Annual rainfall varies between about 1200 and 2200 mm (average 1600 mm). Most rain falls between March and May and between September and November with a dry season between December and February. At this time, the daytime heat can be substantial, food supply is low, and chimpanzees spend much time on the forest floor in deep shade. In general, however, temperatures are relatively even during the year varying between 19°C and 32°C. The nearest large town is Masindi, but much of the land around Budongo Forest is under cultivation with houses, villages, schools and markets (BCFS n.d.). | ||
− | '''Table 1. Basic site information for Budongo Forest Reserve''' | + | '''Table 1. Basic site information for Budongo Central Forest Reserve''' |
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information" | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information" | ||
| Area <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha --> | | Area <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha --> | ||
− | | | + | |435 km² |
|- | |- | ||
|Coordinates | |Coordinates | ||
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= Ape status = <!--An overview of ape population status (population sizes, trends, etc.), followed by a table of specific surveys and results --> | = Ape status = <!--An overview of ape population status (population sizes, trends, etc.), followed by a table of specific surveys and results --> | ||
− | '''Table 2. Ape population estimates in Budongo Forest Reserve''' | + | '''Table 2. Ape population estimates in Budongo Central Forest Reserve''' |
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table" | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table" | ||
! Species | ! Species | ||
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= Threats = <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats --> | = Threats = <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats --> | ||
− | Key threats to chimpanzees include snares set by hunters (typically targeting duiker and pigs), loss of trees around forest edge due to settlement, loss of trees inside forest due to timber extraction and charcoal production, and human-to-chimpanzee disease transmission (BCFS n.d.) | + | Key threats to chimpanzees include snares set by hunters (typically targeting duiker and pigs), loss of trees around forest edge due to settlement, loss of trees inside forest due to timber extraction and charcoal production, and human-to-chimpanzee disease transmission (BCFS n.d.; Reynolds 2005) |
− | '''Table 3. Threats to apes in Budongo Forest Reserve''' | + | '''Table 3. Threats to apes in Budongo Central Forest Reserve''' |
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table" | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table" | ||
!align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE THREAT CATEGORIES --> | !align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE THREAT CATEGORIES --> | ||
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|Present, but threat severity is unknown | |Present, but threat severity is unknown | ||
|The forest edge is affected | |The forest edge is affected | ||
− | |Encroachment of forest habitat for farming (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020). | + | |Encroachment of forest habitat for farming (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020; Reynolds 2005). |
|Ongoing (2020) | |Ongoing (2020) | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|High | |High | ||
|The whole forest is affected. | |The whole forest is affected. | ||
− | |Snares present in the forest (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020). | + | |Snares present in the forest (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020; Reynolds 2005). |
|Ongoing (2020) | |Ongoing (2020) | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|Present, but threat severity is unknown | |Present, but threat severity is unknown | ||
|The whole forest is affected. | |The whole forest is affected. | ||
− | |Loss of trees for charcoal burning and firewood. Illegal logging is present throughout forest, in particular outside of the immediate research areas; includes chimpanzee feeding species (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020). | + | |Loss of trees for charcoal burning and firewood. Illegal logging is present throughout forest, in particular outside of the immediate research areas; includes chimpanzee feeding species (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020; Reynolds 2005). |
|Ongoing (2020) | |Ongoing (2020) | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|High | |High | ||
|The whole forest is affected. | |The whole forest is affected. | ||
− | |Respiratory outbreaks that were typical are now more often lethal. Other sites in Uganda have confirmed similar respiratory pathogens of human origin (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020). | + | |Respiratory outbreaks that were typical are now more often lethal. Other sites in Uganda have confirmed similar respiratory pathogens of human origin (Asiimwe et al. 2019; Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020). |
|Ongoing (2020) | |Ongoing (2020) | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|Present, but threat severity is unknown | |Present, but threat severity is unknown | ||
|The whole forest is affected. | |The whole forest is affected. | ||
− | |Some evidence that there is decreasing fruiting in forest trees, perhaps impacted by increase in overnight temperature lows (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020). | + | |Some evidence that there is decreasing fruiting in forest trees, perhaps impacted by increase in overnight temperature lows (Eryenyu et al. 2019; Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020). |
|Ongoing (2020) | |Ongoing (2020) | ||
|- | |- | ||
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= Conservation activities = <!-- A summary of the conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities --> | = Conservation activities = <!-- A summary of the conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities --> | ||
− | '''Table 4. Conservation activities in Budongo Forest Reserve''' | + | '''Table 4. Conservation activities in Budongo Central Forest Reserve''' |
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table" | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table" | ||
!align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE CATEGORIES --> | !align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE CATEGORIES --> | ||
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|5. Biological resource use | |5. Biological resource use | ||
|5.9. Regularly de-activate/remove ground snares | |5.9. Regularly de-activate/remove ground snares | ||
− | |Presence of snare removers and Field Assistants daily in the forest (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020). | + | |Presence of snare removers and Field Assistants daily in the forest (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020; Reynolds 2005). |
|Ongoing (2020) | |Ongoing (2020) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
|5.17. Provide sustainable alternative livelihoods; establish fish- or domestic meat farms | |5.17. Provide sustainable alternative livelihoods; establish fish- or domestic meat farms | ||
− | |Collaboration and sensitisation work with the local community (e.g. goat farming scheme, which aims to reduce reliance on bushmeat; Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020; BCFS n.d.). | + | |Collaboration and sensitisation work with the local community (e.g. goat farming scheme, which aims to reduce reliance on bushmeat; Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020; Reynolds 2005; BCFS n.d.). |
|Ongoing (2020) | |Ongoing (2020) | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|10. Education & Awareness | |10. Education & Awareness | ||
|10.1. Educate local communities about primates and sustainable use | |10.1. Educate local communities about primates and sustainable use | ||
− | |Community conservation clubs in local schools (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020). | + | |Community conservation clubs in local schools (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020; Reynolds 2005). |
|Ongoing (2020) | |Ongoing (2020) | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives | |13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives | ||
|13.1. Provide monetary benefits to local communities for sustainably managing their forest and its wildlife (e.g. REDD, employment) | |13.1. Provide monetary benefits to local communities for sustainably managing their forest and its wildlife (e.g. REDD, employment) | ||
− | |Projects to support alternative income generation for local families, in particular training opportunities for women (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020). | + | |Projects to support alternative income generation for local families, in particular training opportunities for women (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020; Reynolds 2005). |
|Ongoing (2020) | |Ongoing (2020) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
|13.2. Provide non-monetary benefits to local communities for sustainably managing their forest and its wildlife (e.g. better education, infrastructure development) | |13.2. Provide non-monetary benefits to local communities for sustainably managing their forest and its wildlife (e.g. better education, infrastructure development) | ||
− | |Direct help to communities i.e. latrine improvements, domestic animal veterinary and human health services (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020). | + | |Direct help to communities i.e. latrine improvements, domestic animal veterinary and human health services (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020; Reynolds 2005). |
|Ongoing (2020) | |Ongoing (2020) | ||
|- | |- | ||
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In addition to a lack of law enforcement, oil extraction in Lake Albert which has cut a major road through the forest and increased local population density (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020). | In addition to a lack of law enforcement, oil extraction in Lake Albert which has cut a major road through the forest and increased local population density (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020). | ||
− | '''Table 5. Challenges reported for Budongo Forest Reserve''' | + | '''Table 5. Challenges reported for Budongo Central Forest Reserve''' |
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="challenges-table" | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="challenges-table" | ||
!align="left"|Challenge <!-- Do not change categories --> | !align="left"|Challenge <!-- Do not change categories --> | ||
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= Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities --> | = Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities --> | ||
− | Research activities have been very extensive since 1990 (see [http://www.budongo.org/ Budongo Conservation Field Station BCFS]). Current work includes chimpanzee communication, cognition, tool-use, demography, social behaviour, and health. Primate and avian behavioural ecology. Work on phenology and fruiting patterns (in particular in relation to an apparent decline in fruiting). Human-wildlife interactions, and human-wildlife health monitoring. Long-term data includes chimpanzee behavioural, demographic, health, and ranging data, phenological data, illegal activities data, and meteorological data (BCFS n.d.) | + | Research activities have been very extensive since 1990 (see [http://www.budongo.org/ Budongo Conservation Field Station BCFS]). Current work includes chimpanzee communication, cognition, tool-use, demography, social behaviour, and health. Primate and avian behavioural ecology. Work on phenology and fruiting patterns (in particular in relation to an apparent decline in fruiting). Human-wildlife interactions, and human-wildlife health monitoring. Long-term data includes chimpanzee behavioural, demographic, health, and ranging data, phenological data, illegal activities data, and meteorological data (BCFS n.d.; Reynolds 2005) |
[[File:Optimized-BCFR Sat map.jpeg| 300px | thumb| right | Budongo Central Forest Reserve]] | [[File:Optimized-BCFR Sat map.jpeg| 300px | thumb| right | Budongo Central Forest Reserve]] | ||
===Documented behaviours=== <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations --> | ===Documented behaviours=== <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations --> | ||
− | '''Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Budongo Forest Reserve''' | + | '''Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Budongo Central Forest Reserve''' |
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table" | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table" | ||
!align="left"|Behavior | !align="left"|Behavior | ||
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= References = | = References = | ||
Budongo Conservation Field Station (BCFS). (n.d.). Retrieved from: http://www.budongo.org/ <br> | Budongo Conservation Field Station (BCFS). (n.d.). Retrieved from: http://www.budongo.org/ <br> | ||
+ | Reynolds, V. (2005). The chimpanzees of the Budongo Forest: Ecology, behaviour, and conservation. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press. <br> | ||
+ | Asiimwe, C., Akankwasa, W. & Mugabe, T. (2019). Prevalence and associated risk factors for respiratory disease outbreaks in habituated chimpanzee communities under chimpanzee health monitoring in the Albertine Rift or Uganda in the past five years. Paper presented at the 2nd African Primatological Society conference. Retrieved from: https://apsuganda.africanprimatologicalsociety.org/book-of-abstracts/ <br> | ||
+ | Eryenyu,D., Nyombi, H., Asiimwe, C., Businge, M., Muhanguzi, G. & Babweetera, F. (2019). Implications in change in fruiting phenology on primate foraging behavior. Paper presented at the 2nd African Primatological Society conference. Retrieved from: https://apsuganda.africanprimatologicalsociety.org/book-of-abstracts/ <br> | ||
<br> | <br> | ||
'''Page completed by: '''Cat Hobaiter & Vernon Reynolds''' Date:''' 19/11/2020 <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" --> | '''Page completed by: '''Cat Hobaiter & Vernon Reynolds''' Date:''' 19/11/2020 <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" --> |
Latest revision as of 12:51, 20 November 2020
East Africa > Uganda > Budongo Central Forest Reserve
Summary[edit]
- Eastern chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) are present in the Budongo Central Forest Reserve.
- The population trend is decreasing.
- The site has a total size of 435 km².
- Key threats to chimpanzees are logging, hunting, transmission of respiratory diseases, and human encroachment.
- The Budongo Conservation Field Station (BCFS) is actively involved in the implementation of conservation activities, such as conservation awareness raising, alternative livelihood programs, and providing veterinary care.
- The BCFS was founded in 1990 by Professor Vernon Reynolds, who first started studying chimpanzees in the Budongo forest in 1962.
Site characteristics[edit]
The Budongo Forest is a moist, semi-deciduous tropical rain forest located at the top of the Albertine Rift, situated between 1° 37 N - 2° 03 N and 31° 22 - 31° 46 E. It is classified as a Central Forest Reserve and comprises 435 km² of continuous forest cover. In addition there are numerous strips of riverine forest, perhaps some 100 km in total, forming arms of forest that stretch out into the surrounding areas, mainly sugar cane plantations and other cropland. The forest is of a medium altitude (average 1,100m). The land slopes from southeast to northwest, and its four main rivers, the Waisoke, the Sonso, the Kamirambwa and the Siba, flow towards the northwest towards the Albertine Rift. Annual rainfall varies between about 1200 and 2200 mm (average 1600 mm). Most rain falls between March and May and between September and November with a dry season between December and February. At this time, the daytime heat can be substantial, food supply is low, and chimpanzees spend much time on the forest floor in deep shade. In general, however, temperatures are relatively even during the year varying between 19°C and 32°C. The nearest large town is Masindi, but much of the land around Budongo Forest is under cultivation with houses, villages, schools and markets (BCFS n.d.).
Table 1. Basic site information for Budongo Central Forest Reserve
Area | 435 km² |
Coordinates | 1.780 N, 31.572 E |
Designation | Central Forest Reserve |
Habitat types | Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest, grassland, subtropical/tropical dry forest, subtropical/tropical heavily degraded former forest |
IUCN habitat categories Site designations
Ape status[edit]
Table 2. Ape population estimates in Budongo Central Forest Reserve
Species | Year | Abundance estimate (95% CI) | Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI) | Encounter rate (nests/km) | Area | Method | Source | Comments | A.P.E.S. database ID |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Threats[edit]
Key threats to chimpanzees include snares set by hunters (typically targeting duiker and pigs), loss of trees around forest edge due to settlement, loss of trees inside forest due to timber extraction and charcoal production, and human-to-chimpanzee disease transmission (BCFS n.d.; Reynolds 2005)
Table 3. Threats to apes in Budongo Central Forest Reserve
Category | Specific threats | Threat level | Quantified severity | Description | Year of threat |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Residential & commercial development | Absent | ||||
2. Agriculture & aquaculture | 2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops | Present, but threat severity is unknown | The forest edge is affected | Encroachment of forest habitat for farming (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020; Reynolds 2005). | Ongoing (2020) |
3. Energy production & mining | Absent | ||||
4. Transportation & service corridors | Absent | ||||
5. Biological resource use | 5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals | High | The whole forest is affected. | Snares present in the forest (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020; Reynolds 2005). | Ongoing (2020) |
5.3 Logging & wood harvesting | Present, but threat severity is unknown | The whole forest is affected. | Loss of trees for charcoal burning and firewood. Illegal logging is present throughout forest, in particular outside of the immediate research areas; includes chimpanzee feeding species (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020; Reynolds 2005). | Ongoing (2020) | |
6. Human intrusion & disturbance | Absent | ||||
7. Natural system modifications | Absent | ||||
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases | 8.4 Problematic species/diseases of unknown origin | High | The whole forest is affected. | Respiratory outbreaks that were typical are now more often lethal. Other sites in Uganda have confirmed similar respiratory pathogens of human origin (Asiimwe et al. 2019; Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020). | Ongoing (2020) |
9. Pollution | Absent | ||||
10. Geological Events | Absent | ||||
11. Climate change & severe weather | 11.1 Habitat shifting & alteration | Present, but threat severity is unknown | The whole forest is affected. | Some evidence that there is decreasing fruiting in forest trees, perhaps impacted by increase in overnight temperature lows (Eryenyu et al. 2019; Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020). | Ongoing (2020) |
12. Other options | Absent |
Conservation activities[edit]
Table 4. Conservation activities in Budongo Central Forest Reserve
Category | Specific activity | Description | Year of activity |
---|---|---|---|
1. Residential & commercial development | Not reported | ||
2. Agriculture & aquaculture | Studies on crop-raiding mitigation measures (e.g., buffer crops, resilient crops; Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020). | Ongoing (2020) | |
3. Energy production & mining | Not reported | ||
4. Transportation & service corridors | Not reported | ||
5. Biological resource use | 5.9. Regularly de-activate/remove ground snares | Presence of snare removers and Field Assistants daily in the forest (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020; Reynolds 2005). | Ongoing (2020) |
5.17. Provide sustainable alternative livelihoods; establish fish- or domestic meat farms | Collaboration and sensitisation work with the local community (e.g. goat farming scheme, which aims to reduce reliance on bushmeat; Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020; Reynolds 2005; BCFS n.d.). | Ongoing (2020) | |
6. Human intrusion & disturbance | Not reported | ||
7. Natural system modifications | Not reported | ||
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases | Not reported | ||
9. Pollution | Not reported | ||
10. Education & Awareness | 10.1. Educate local communities about primates and sustainable use | Community conservation clubs in local schools (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020; Reynolds 2005). | Ongoing (2020) |
11. Habitat Protection | Not reported | ||
12. Species Management | Not reported | ||
13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives | 13.1. Provide monetary benefits to local communities for sustainably managing their forest and its wildlife (e.g. REDD, employment) | Projects to support alternative income generation for local families, in particular training opportunities for women (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020; Reynolds 2005). | Ongoing (2020) |
13.2. Provide non-monetary benefits to local communities for sustainably managing their forest and its wildlife (e.g. better education, infrastructure development) | Direct help to communities i.e. latrine improvements, domestic animal veterinary and human health services (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020; Reynolds 2005). | Ongoing (2020) |
Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)
Challenges[edit]
In addition to a lack of law enforcement, oil extraction in Lake Albert which has cut a major road through the forest and increased local population density (Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020).
Table 5. Challenges reported for Budongo Central Forest Reserve
Challenge | Source |
---|---|
Lack of law enforcement | Hobaiter & Reynolds pers. comm. 2020 |
Research activities[edit]
Research activities have been very extensive since 1990 (see Budongo Conservation Field Station BCFS). Current work includes chimpanzee communication, cognition, tool-use, demography, social behaviour, and health. Primate and avian behavioural ecology. Work on phenology and fruiting patterns (in particular in relation to an apparent decline in fruiting). Human-wildlife interactions, and human-wildlife health monitoring. Long-term data includes chimpanzee behavioural, demographic, health, and ranging data, phenological data, illegal activities data, and meteorological data (BCFS n.d.; Reynolds 2005)
Documented behaviours[edit]
Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Budongo Central Forest Reserve
Behavior | Source |
---|---|
Not reported |
External links[edit]
Budongo Conservation Field Station
Budongo Chimps Twitter
Budongo Conservation Field Station Facebook
Relevant datasets[edit]
References[edit]
Budongo Conservation Field Station (BCFS). (n.d.). Retrieved from: http://www.budongo.org/
Reynolds, V. (2005). The chimpanzees of the Budongo Forest: Ecology, behaviour, and conservation. Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.
Asiimwe, C., Akankwasa, W. & Mugabe, T. (2019). Prevalence and associated risk factors for respiratory disease outbreaks in habituated chimpanzee communities under chimpanzee health monitoring in the Albertine Rift or Uganda in the past five years. Paper presented at the 2nd African Primatological Society conference. Retrieved from: https://apsuganda.africanprimatologicalsociety.org/book-of-abstracts/
Eryenyu,D., Nyombi, H., Asiimwe, C., Businge, M., Muhanguzi, G. & Babweetera, F. (2019). Implications in change in fruiting phenology on primate foraging behavior. Paper presented at the 2nd African Primatological Society conference. Retrieved from: https://apsuganda.africanprimatologicalsociety.org/book-of-abstracts/
Page completed by: Cat Hobaiter & Vernon Reynolds Date: 19/11/2020