Difference between revisions of "Shasha Forest Reserve"

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[[West Africa]] > [[Nigeria]] > [[Shasha Forest Reserve]]
  
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= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with one sentence for each section. May include a site map -->
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<div style="float: right">
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{{#display_map: height=200px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap
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|7.088701, 4.418837~[[Shasha Forest Reserve]]~Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees
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}}
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</div>
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*  Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes ellioti'') might be present in Shasha Forest Reserve.
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* The population size is unknown.
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* The chimpanzee population trend is decreasing.
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* The site has a total size of 90 km².
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* Key threats to chimpanzees are logging
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* Conservation activities are not documented.
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* Part of the reserve was de-gazetted for oil palm plantations and cocoa farms.
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= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->
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Shasha Forest Reserve is located in the state of Osun, Nigeria. The site is contiguous with Omo Forest to the south. Originally 120 km2, 30 km2 in the northern portion of the reserve were de-gazetted for oil palm plantations and cocoa farms (Greengrass 2006).
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'''Table 1. Basic site information for Shasha Forest Reserve'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"
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| Area <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha -->
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|90 km²
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|-
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|Coordinates
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|7.088701, 4.418837
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|-
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|Designation
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|Forest Reserve
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|-
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|Habitat types <!-- List IUCN Habitat Classification 3.0 categories present (without number), see link below -->
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|Plantations, subtropical/tropical heavily degraded forest
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|}
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[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/habitat-classification-scheme IUCN habitat categories] [[Site designations]]
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= Ape status = <!--An overview of ape population status (population sizes, trends, etc.), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->
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A 2006 survey did not find any direct or indirect evidence of chimpanzees occurring in the site. Chimpanzees have not been directly observed in several years, and due to increasing logging and habitat disturbance, the population is likely to be decreasing or already extinct (Greengrass 2006).
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'''Table 2. Ape population estimates in Shasha Forest Reserve'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"
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! Species
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! Year
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! Abundance estimate (95% CI)
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! Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
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! Encounter rate (nests/km)
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! Area
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! Method
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! Source
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! Comments
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! A.P.E.S. database ID
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|-
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|''Pan troglodytes ellioti''
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|2006
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|
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|
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|0
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|Shasha Forest Reserve
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|Index survey (reconnaissance walk)
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|Greengrass 2006
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|
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|
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|}
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= Threats =    <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats -->
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The main threat to wildlife in the reserve is illegal, uncontrolled logging  (Greengrass 2006).
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'''Table 3. Threats to apes in Shasha Forest Reserve'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"
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!align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE THREAT CATEGORIES -->
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!Specific threats <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the IUCN list linked below -->
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!Threat level <!-- For threat level, please use keywords: low, medium, high, present, absent, unknown-->
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!Quantified severity <!-- Enter any available quantification of the threat, e.g., the proportion of the area affected by the threat, hunting sign encounter rates-->
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!Description <!-- Add descriptive information -->
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!Year of threat <!--  Enter specific year(s), “ongoing”, or “unknown”. If the threat is ongoing, please add the year of reference in parentheses -->
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|-
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|1. Residential & commercial development
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|
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|Unknown
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|
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|
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|
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|-
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|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
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|2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops
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|High
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|30 sq km
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|Part of the reserve was de-gazetted and converted into oil palm plantations and cocoa farms (Greengrass 2006).
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|Ongoing (2006)
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|-
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|3. Energy production & mining
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|
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|Unknown
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|
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|
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|
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|-
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|4. Transportation & service corridors
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|
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|Unknown
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|
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|
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|
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|-
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|5. Biological resource use
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|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
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|High
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|
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|Habitat loss due to illegal logging (Greengrass 2006).
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|Ongoing (2006)
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|-
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|6. Human intrusion & disturbance
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|
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|Unknown
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|
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|
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|
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|-
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|7. Natural system modifications
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|
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|Unknown
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|
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|
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|
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|-
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|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
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|
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|Unknown
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|
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|
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|
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|-
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|9. Pollution
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|
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|Unknown
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|
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|
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|
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|-
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|10. Geological Events
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|
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|Absent
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|
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|
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|
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|-
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| 11. Climate change & severe weather
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|
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|Unknown
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|
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|
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|
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|-
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|12. Other options
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|
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|Absent
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|
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|
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|
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|-
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|}
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[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list]
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= Conservation activities =      <!-- A summary of the conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->
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'''Table 4. Conservation activities in Shasha Forest Reserve'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"
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!align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE CATEGORIES -->
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!Specific activity <!-- For specific threats, please use list from the list linked below, OR enter “Not reported” -->
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!Description <!-- Add descriptive information -->
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!Year of activity <!-- Add descriptive information -->
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|-
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|1. Residential & commercial development
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|Not reported
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|
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|
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|-
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|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
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|Not reported
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|
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|
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|-
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|3. Energy production & mining
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|Not reported
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|
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|
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|-
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|4. Transportation & service corridors
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|Not reported
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|
 +
|
 +
|-
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|5. Biological resource use
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|Not reported
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|
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|
 +
|-
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|6. Human intrusion & disturbance
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|Not reported
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|
 +
|
 +
|-
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|7. Natural system modifications
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|Not reported
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|
 +
|
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|-
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|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
 +
|Not reported
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|
 +
|
 +
|-
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|9. Pollution
 +
|Not reported
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|
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|
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|-
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|10. Education & Awareness
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|Not reported
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|
 +
|
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|-
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|11. Habitat Protection
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|Not reported
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|
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|
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|-
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|12. Species Management
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|Not reported
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|
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|
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|-
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|13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives
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|Not reported
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|
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|
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|-
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|}
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[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]
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= Challenges = <!-- Overview of challenges in ape conservation -->
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'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Shasha Forest Reserve'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="challenges-table"
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!align="left"|Challenge <!-- Do not change categories -->
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!Source <!-- Source for challenge mentioned -->
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|-
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|Not reported
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|
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|-
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|}
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= Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities -->
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===Documented behaviours===  <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->
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'''Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Shasha Forest Reserve'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"
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!align="left"|Behavior
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!Source
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|-
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|Not reported
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|
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|-
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|}
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=External links=
 +
 +
= References =
 +
Greengrass, E.J. (2006). A survey of chimpanzees in south-west Nigeria. Report to the NCF-WCS Biodiversity Research Programme. <br>
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 +
<br>
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'''Page completed by: '''A.P.E.S. Wiki team''' Date:''' 07/03/2023 <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->

Latest revision as of 06:10, 7 March 2023

West Africa > Nigeria > Shasha Forest Reserve

Summary[edit]

Loading map...
  • Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes ellioti) might be present in Shasha Forest Reserve.
  • The population size is unknown.
  • The chimpanzee population trend is decreasing.
  • The site has a total size of 90 km².
  • Key threats to chimpanzees are logging
  • Conservation activities are not documented.
  • Part of the reserve was de-gazetted for oil palm plantations and cocoa farms.

Site characteristics[edit]

Shasha Forest Reserve is located in the state of Osun, Nigeria. The site is contiguous with Omo Forest to the south. Originally 120 km2, 30 km2 in the northern portion of the reserve were de-gazetted for oil palm plantations and cocoa farms (Greengrass 2006).

Table 1. Basic site information for Shasha Forest Reserve

Area 90 km²
Coordinates 7.088701, 4.418837
Designation Forest Reserve
Habitat types Plantations, subtropical/tropical heavily degraded forest

IUCN habitat categories Site designations

Ape status[edit]

A 2006 survey did not find any direct or indirect evidence of chimpanzees occurring in the site. Chimpanzees have not been directly observed in several years, and due to increasing logging and habitat disturbance, the population is likely to be decreasing or already extinct (Greengrass 2006).

Table 2. Ape population estimates in Shasha Forest Reserve

Species Year Abundance estimate (95% CI) Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI) Encounter rate (nests/km) Area Method Source Comments A.P.E.S. database ID
Pan troglodytes ellioti 2006 0 Shasha Forest Reserve Index survey (reconnaissance walk) Greengrass 2006

Threats[edit]

The main threat to wildlife in the reserve is illegal, uncontrolled logging (Greengrass 2006).

Table 3. Threats to apes in Shasha Forest Reserve

Category Specific threats Threat level Quantified severity Description Year of threat
1. Residential & commercial development Unknown
2. Agriculture & aquaculture 2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops High 30 sq km Part of the reserve was de-gazetted and converted into oil palm plantations and cocoa farms (Greengrass 2006). Ongoing (2006)
3. Energy production & mining Unknown
4. Transportation & service corridors Unknown
5. Biological resource use 5.3 Logging & wood harvesting High Habitat loss due to illegal logging (Greengrass 2006). Ongoing (2006)
6. Human intrusion & disturbance Unknown
7. Natural system modifications Unknown
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases Unknown
9. Pollution Unknown
10. Geological Events Absent
11. Climate change & severe weather Unknown
12. Other options Absent

IUCN Threats list

Conservation activities[edit]

Table 4. Conservation activities in Shasha Forest Reserve

Category Specific activity Description Year of activity
1. Residential & commercial development Not reported
2. Agriculture & aquaculture Not reported
3. Energy production & mining Not reported
4. Transportation & service corridors Not reported
5. Biological resource use Not reported
6. Human intrusion & disturbance Not reported
7. Natural system modifications Not reported
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases Not reported
9. Pollution Not reported
10. Education & Awareness Not reported
11. Habitat Protection Not reported
12. Species Management Not reported
13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives Not reported

Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)

Challenges[edit]

Table 5. Challenges reported for Shasha Forest Reserve

Challenge Source
Not reported

Research activities[edit]

Documented behaviours[edit]

Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Shasha Forest Reserve

Behavior Source
Not reported

External links[edit]

References[edit]

Greengrass, E.J. (2006). A survey of chimpanzees in south-west Nigeria. Report to the NCF-WCS Biodiversity Research Programme.


Page completed by: A.P.E.S. Wiki team Date: 07/03/2023

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