Difference between revisions of "Republic of Guinea Nationwide"

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[[West Africa]] > [[Republic of Guinea]] > [[Republic of Guinea Nationwide]]
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[[West Africa]] > [[Republic of Guinea]]
 
  
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= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with a one sentence overview of each of the following sections. can include a site map -->
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'''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Republic_of_Guinea_Nationwide?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=fr&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Français]''' | '''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Republic_of_Guinea_Nationwide?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=pt&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Português]''' | '''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Republic_of_Guinea_Nationwide?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=es&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Español]''' | '''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Republic_of_Guinea_Nationwide?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=id&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Bahasa Indonesia]''' | '''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Republic_of_Guinea_Nationwide?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=ms&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Melayu]'''
  
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* Western chimpanzees ([https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15935/17989872 ''Pan troglodytes verus'']) are present in the Republic of Guinea.
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__TOC__
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* It has been estimated that 33,139 (CI: 8,796-68,203) individuals occur in the Republic of Guinea.  
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= Summary =
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* The chimpanzee population trend is unknown.  
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* This site has a total size of 246,427 km².  
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<div style="float: right">{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap|10.84, -10.94~[[Republic of Guinea Nationwide]]~'Pan troglodytes verus''}}</div>
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* Key threats to chimpanzees are habitat loss and hunting.  
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* It has been estimated that 33,139 (CI: 8,796-68,203) individuals occur in the Republic of Guinea.
 +
* The chimpanzee population trend is unknown.
 +
* This site has a total size of 246,427 km².
 +
* Key threats to chimpanzees are habitat loss and hunting.
 
* The following conservation activities were implemented at the national level: uncovering illegal trade in wildlife and strengthening law enforcement.
 
* The following conservation activities were implemented at the national level: uncovering illegal trade in wildlife and strengthening law enforcement.
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* Guinea harbors the largest remaining population of western chimpanzees.  
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* Guinea harbors the largest remaining population of western chimpanzees.
 +
* Western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus'') are present in the Republic of Guinea.
  
  
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= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->
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= Site characteristics =
  
 
The Republic of Guinea is a coastal West African country that shares borders with Guinea-Bissau, Senegal, Mali, Côte d’Ivoire, Liberia and Sierra Leone. It has a total land area of 246,427 km² (UNEP-WCMC and IUCN 2019). Guinea has a population of 11,855,411, approximately 90% of them Muslim (July 2018, CIA World Factbook 2019). Based on topographic features four natural regions are being distinguished in Guinea: (i) Guinée Maritime or Basse-Guinée, in western Guinea, at the coast characterized by lowland plains and savanna ecosystems, (ii) Moyenne Guinée in the north-east dominated by the Fouta Djallon highlands with steep areas, savanna ecosystems and gallery forests, (iii) Haute Guinée in the east characterized by savanna plains, and (iv) Guinée Forestière in the south-east with some remaining rainforests and mountainous areas (Kormos et al. 2003). Guineas highest peak is Mout Nimba with an elevation of 1,752 m (CIA World Factbook 2019). Guinea features a diversity of habitat types from montane and lowland moist forests to dry savannas. Agricultural areas are also widespread. Due to the mountainous terrain many rivers have their source in Guinea (Kormos et al. 2003). Guinea has a high biodiversity including, leopard (''Panthera pardus''), lion (''Panthera leo''), hippopotamus (''Hippopotamus amphibius''), forest elephant (''Loxodonta africana''), the Micropotamogale of Mount Nimba (''Micropotamogale lamottei'', a shrew), the viviparous toad of Mount Nimba (''Nimbaphrynoides occidentalis''), and many primate species, such as Campbell’s guenon (''Cercopithecus campbelli campbelli''), Demidoff ’s galago (''Galagoides demidoff''), diana monkey (''Cercopithecus diana''), greater spot-nosed guenon (''Cercopithecus nicitans''), Guinea baboons (''Papio papio''), patas monkey (''Erythrocebus patas''), potto (''Perodicticus potto''), spot-nosed monkey (''Cercopithecus petaurista''), sooty mangabey (''Cercocebus atys atys''), and western red colobus (''Piliocolobus badius''). Guinea has designated two National Parks: Haut Niger and Badiar. Moyen Bafing National Park is in the final stages of designation. In addition, there is the high-level protected area ‘Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve’ and several classified forests.
 
The Republic of Guinea is a coastal West African country that shares borders with Guinea-Bissau, Senegal, Mali, Côte d’Ivoire, Liberia and Sierra Leone. It has a total land area of 246,427 km² (UNEP-WCMC and IUCN 2019). Guinea has a population of 11,855,411, approximately 90% of them Muslim (July 2018, CIA World Factbook 2019). Based on topographic features four natural regions are being distinguished in Guinea: (i) Guinée Maritime or Basse-Guinée, in western Guinea, at the coast characterized by lowland plains and savanna ecosystems, (ii) Moyenne Guinée in the north-east dominated by the Fouta Djallon highlands with steep areas, savanna ecosystems and gallery forests, (iii) Haute Guinée in the east characterized by savanna plains, and (iv) Guinée Forestière in the south-east with some remaining rainforests and mountainous areas (Kormos et al. 2003). Guineas highest peak is Mout Nimba with an elevation of 1,752 m (CIA World Factbook 2019). Guinea features a diversity of habitat types from montane and lowland moist forests to dry savannas. Agricultural areas are also widespread. Due to the mountainous terrain many rivers have their source in Guinea (Kormos et al. 2003). Guinea has a high biodiversity including, leopard (''Panthera pardus''), lion (''Panthera leo''), hippopotamus (''Hippopotamus amphibius''), forest elephant (''Loxodonta africana''), the Micropotamogale of Mount Nimba (''Micropotamogale lamottei'', a shrew), the viviparous toad of Mount Nimba (''Nimbaphrynoides occidentalis''), and many primate species, such as Campbell’s guenon (''Cercopithecus campbelli campbelli''), Demidoff ’s galago (''Galagoides demidoff''), diana monkey (''Cercopithecus diana''), greater spot-nosed guenon (''Cercopithecus nicitans''), Guinea baboons (''Papio papio''), patas monkey (''Erythrocebus patas''), potto (''Perodicticus potto''), spot-nosed monkey (''Cercopithecus petaurista''), sooty mangabey (''Cercocebus atys atys''), and western red colobus (''Piliocolobus badius''). Guinea has designated two National Parks: Haut Niger and Badiar. Moyen Bafing National Park is in the final stages of designation. In addition, there is the high-level protected area ‘Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve’ and several classified forests.
  
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'''Table 1. Basic site information for Republic of Guinea Nationwide'''
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'''Table 1: Basic site information for the Republic of Guinea'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table"
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"
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|Species
−
|Area             <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha    -->
+
|'Pan troglodytes verus''
 +
|-
 +
|Area
 
|246,427 km²
 
|246,427 km²
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Coordinates
 
|Coordinates
−
|10.84 N, -10.94 W
+
|Lat: 10.84 , Lon:  -10.94
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Designation      <!-- National Park, Nature Reserve, etc.  -->
+
|Type of site
−
|Not applicable
+
|Unknown
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Habitat types   <!-- List IUCN Habitat Classification 3.0 categories present (Without number), see link below -->
+
|Habitat types
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|Arable land, dry savanna, marshes, moist savanna, permanent freshwater marshes/pools, permanent rivers, plantations, subtropical/tropical dry forest, subtropical/tropical dry shrubland, subtropical/tropical heavily degraded former forest, subtropical/tropical high altitude grassland, subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest, subtropical/tropical moist montane forest
+
|Agricultural land, Savanna, Wetlands (lakes, rivers, streams, bogs, marshes),Subtropical/tropical dry forest, Shrubland, Subtropical/tropical heavily degraded former forest, Grassland, Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest, Subtropical/tropical moist montane forest
 +
|-
 +
|Type of governance
 +
|
 
|}
 
|}
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[http://www.unitar.org/hiroshima/sites/unitar.org.hiroshima/files/Annex%201%20-%20IUCN%20Classification%20Schemes.pdf IUCN habitat categories]  [[Site designations]]
 
−
<br>
 
−
 
−
= Ape status =  <!-- a text overview of ape status (population sizes, trends etc), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->
 
  
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Guinea harbors the largest remaining population of western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus''). Sugiyama and Soumah conducted the first nationwide survey in Guinea by sending questionnaires to officers of the provincial governments, and concluded that only a few thousand chimpanzees remain (1988). A follow-up survey based on questionnaire, reconnaissance and transect surveys concluded that the chimpanzee population in Guinea was much larger with up to 23,000 individuals (Ham 1998). More recently the [http://www.wildchimps.org Wild Chimpanzee Foundation] conducted transect surveys at 10 sites including a large-scale systematic survey across the Fouta Djallon Bafing Area and estimated that at least 18,000 western chimpanzees remain (WCF 2012). Based on the modelled density distribution of western chimpanzees across their geographic range Heinicke et al. (2019) estimated 33,139 (CI: 8,796-68,203) individuals in Guinea, with highest population densities in the Fouta Djallon (Heinicke et al. 2019, WCF 2012).
+
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/habitat-classification-scheme IUCN habitat categories] [[Site designations]]
 +
= Ape status =
  
 +
Guinea harbors the largest remaining population of western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus''). Sugiyama and Soumah conducted the first nationwide survey in Guinea by sending questionnaires to officers of the provincial governments, and concluded that only a few thousand chimpanzees remain (1988). A follow-up survey based on questionnaire, reconnaissance and transect surveys concluded that the chimpanzee population in Guinea was much larger with up to 23,000 individuals (Ham 1998). More recently the [http://www.wildchimps.org  Wild Chimpanzee Foundation] conducted transect surveys at 10 sites including a large-scale systematic survey across the Fouta Djallon Bafing Area and estimated that at least 18,000 western chimpanzees remain (WCF 2012). Based on the modelled density distribution of western chimpanzees across their geographic range Heinicke et al. (2019) estimated 33,139 (CI: 8,796-68,203) individuals in Guinea, with highest population densities in the Fouta Djallon (Heinicke et al. 2019, WCF 2012).
  
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'''Table 2: Great ape population estimates in the Republic of Guinea'''
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'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Republic of Guinea Nationwide'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Ape_status-table"
−
! Species
+
!Species
−
! Year
+
!Year
−
! Abundance estimate (95% confidence interval)
+
!Occurrence
−
! Density estimate (per km²)
+
!Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day)
−
! Encounter rate (nests/km)
+
!Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
−
! Area
+
!Abundance estimate (95% CI)
−
! Method
+
!Survey area
−
! Source
+
!Sampling method
−
! Comments
+
!Analytical framework
−
! A.P.E.S. database ID
+
!Source
 +
!Comments
 +
!A.P.E.S. database ID
 
|-
 
|-
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|1988
 
|1988
−
|1,420–6,625
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|
 +
|1,420-6,625
 
|Nationwide
 
|Nationwide
−
|Interview method
+
|Interviews
 +
|
 
|Sugiyama & Soumah 1988
 
|Sugiyama & Soumah 1988
 
|Questionnaire survey
 
|Questionnaire survey
Line 76: Line 76:
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|1995-1997
 
|1995-1997
−
|11,949-23,123
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|
 +
|11,949-23,123
 
|Nationwide
 
|Nationwide
−
|Interview method
+
|Interviews
 +
|
 
|Ham 1998 as cited in Kormos et al. 2003
 
|Ham 1998 as cited in Kormos et al. 2003
 
|Questionnaire survey
 
|Questionnaire survey
Line 87: Line 89:
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|2009-2011
 
|2009-2011
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|
 
|18,815 (8,581-42,156)
 
|18,815 (8,581-42,156)
 +
|10 surveyed sites
 +
|Line transects
 
|
 
|
−
|
 
−
|10 surveyed sites 
 
−
|Line transects (Distance)
 
 
|WCF 2012
 
|WCF 2012
 
|
 
|
Line 98: Line 102:
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|2015
 
|2015
−
|33,139 (8,796-68,203)
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|
 +
|33,139 (8,796-68,203)
 
|Nationwide
 
|Nationwide
−
|density distribution predicted using models and transect survey data
+
|Other
 +
|
 
|Heinicke et al. 2019
 
|Heinicke et al. 2019
−
|
+
|Based on density distribution predicted for geographic range of western chimpanzees using models and transect survey data
 
|
 
|
 
|}
 
|}
  
−
= Threats =     <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats -->
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= Threats =
  
−
The most prevalent threats to chimpanzees across Guinea are habitat loss, caused by logging or fires, and hunting (Kormos et al. 2003, WCF 2012). Agricultural activities are also widespread (Kormos et al. 2003, WCF 2012). With Guinea being the largest exporter of bauxite, the increasing development of mining operations is likely to put more pressure on remaining chimpanzee habitat, as is the further development of hydropower plants.  
+
The most prevalent threats to chimpanzees across Guinea are habitat loss, caused by logging or fires, and hunting (Kormos et al. 2003, WCF 2012). Agricultural activities are also widespread (Kormos et al. 2003, WCF 2012). With Guinea being the largest exporter of bauxite, the increasing development of mining operations is likely to put more pressure on remaining chimpanzee habitat, as is the further development of hydropower plants.
  
 +
= Conservation activities =
  
 +
In 2012 the NGO WARA started the GALF project [http://www.eagle-enforcement.org/guinea/ Guinée-Application de la Loi Faunique] focused on uncovering illegal trade in wildlife and strengthening law enforcement in collaboration with the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MEEF), the Ministry of State for Justice, and the National Central Bureau of INTERPOL. Since its launch 20 chimpanzees have been rescued (GALF WARA 2019). Currently, a new conservation action plan for western chimpanzees In Guinea is in the process of being completed (as of September 2019).
  
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= Conservation activities =       <!-- a text overview of conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->
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= Challenges =
−
 
 
−
In 2012 the NGO WARA started the GALF project [http://www.eagle-enforcement.org/guinea/ Guinée-Application de la Loi Faunique] focused on uncovering illegal trade in wildlife and strengthening law enforcement in collaboration with the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MEEF), the Ministry of State for Justice, and the National Central Bureau of INTERPOL. Since its launch 20 chimpanzees have been rescued (GALF WARA 2019). Currently, a new conservation action plan for western chimpanzees In Guinea is in the process of being completed (as of September 2019).
 
  
 +
Reviews of the management effectiveness of several protected areas in Guinea consistently listed lack of funding, capacity and training, and lack of technical means as impediments to conservation.
  
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'''Table 4: Conservation activities in the Republic of Guinea'''
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'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Republic of Guinea Nationwide'''
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Challenges-table"
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!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->
+
!Challenges
−
!Specific activity    <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the list linked below -->
+
!Specific challenges
−
!Description        <!-- You can add descriptive information here -->
+
!Source
−
!Year of activity        <!-- if ongoing or unknown add year of reference in brackets -->
+
!Year(s)
 
|-
 
|-
−
|1. Residential & commercial development
+
|2 Resources and capacity
−
|Not reported
+
|2.1 Lack of capacity/training
 +
|McCullough 2004, METT 2009b, UNESCO 2018a, UNESCO 2018b, METT 2009d
 
|
 
|
 +
|-
 +
|2 Resources and capacity
 +
|2.3 General lack of funding
 +
|METT 2009a, METT 2009b, METT 2009c, UNESCO 2018a, UNESCO 2018b, METT 2009d
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
+
|2 Resources and capacity
−
|Not reported
+
|2.5 Lack of equipment/transportation
 +
|METT 2009a, METT 2009b, METT 2009c, UNESCO 2018a, METT 2009d
 
|
 
|
 +
|}
 +
 +
= Enablers =
 +
 +
 +
 +
'''Table 6. Enablers reported for Republic of Guinea Nationwide'''
 +
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="enabler-table"
 +
!Enablers
 +
!Specific enablers
 +
!Source
 +
!Year(s)
 +
|-
 +
|1 Site management
 
|
 
|
−
|-
 
−
|3. Energy production & mining
 
−
|Not reported
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|4. Transportation & service corridors
+
|2 Resources and capacity
−
|Not reported
+
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|5. Biological resource use
+
|3 Engaged community
−
|5.15. Implement monitoring surveillance strategies (e.g. SMART) or use monitoring data to improve effectiveness of wildlife law enforcement patrols
 
−
|Uncover illegal trade in wildlife and strengthen law enforcement (GALF WARA 2019)
 
−
|Since 2012
 
−
|-
 
−
|6. Human intrusions & disturbance
 
−
|Not reported
 
 
|
 
|
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|7. Natural system modifications
 
−
|Not reported
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
+
|4 Institutional support
−
|Not reported
 
 
|
 
|
−
|
 
−
|-
 
−
|9. Pollution
 
−
|Not reported
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|10. Education & Awareness
+
|5 Ecological context
−
|Not reported
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
−
|-
 
−
|11. Habitat Protection
 
−
|Not reported
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
−
|12. Species Management
+
|6 Safety and stability
−
|Not reported
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
|-
 
−
|13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives
 
−
|Not reported
 
 
|
 
|
−
|
 
−
|-
 
 
|}
 
|}
−
[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]
 
  
−
= Impediments = <!-- Overview of impediments to ape conservation -->
+
= Research activities =
  
−
Reviews of the management effectiveness of several protected areas in Guinea consistently listed lack of funding, capacity and training, and lack of technical means as impediments to conservation.
+
Nationwide surveys of chimpanzee status and distribution have been conducted by Sugiyama and Soumah (1988), Ham (1998) and WCF (2012). In addition, research has and is being done at various research sites including Bossou, Haut Niger, Moyen Bafing, and Seringbara (see sites for details).
 +
 
 +
= Documented behaviours =
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
= Exposure to climate change impacts =
  
  
−
'''Table 5: Impediments reported for the Republic of Guinea'''
 
−
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="impediments-table"
 
−
!align="left"|Impediment  <!-- Do not change categories -->
 
−
!Source  <!-- source for impediment mentioned -->
 
−
|-
 
−
|Lack of capacity/ training
 
−
|McCullough 2004, METT 2009b, UNESCO 2018a, UNESCO 2018b, METT 2009d
 
−
|-
 
−
|Lack of financial means
 
−
|METT 2009a, METT 2009b, METT 2009c, UNESCO 2018a, UNESCO 2018b, METT 2009d
 
−
|-
 
−
|Lack of technical means
 
−
|METT 2009a, METT 2009b, METT 2009c, UNESCO 2018a, METT 2009d
 
−
|}
 
  
−
= Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities -->
+
= External links =
  
−
Nationwide surveys of chimpanzee status and distribution have been conducted by Sugiyama and Soumah (1988), Ham (1998) and WCF (2012). In addition, research has and is being done at various research sites including Bossou, Haut Niger, Moyen Bafing, and Seringbara (see sites for details).
 
  
  
 +
= Relevant datasets =
  
−
===Relevant datasets===
 
−
[http://apesportal.eva.mpg.de/database/archiveMap A.P.E.S Portal]
 
  
−
<br>
 
  
 
= References =
 
= References =
−
CIA World Factbook. 2019. Guinea. [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/gv.html  CIA World Factbook Guinea]<br>
 
−
GALF WARA. 2019. GALF [http://www.eagle-enforcement.org/guinea/ EAGLE website]<br>
 
−
Ham R. 1998. Nationwide chimpanzee census and large mammal survey Republic of Guinea<br>
 
−
Heinicke et al. 2019. Advancing conservation planning for western chimpanzees using IUCN SSC A.P.E.S. – the case of a taxon-specific database. Environmental Research Letters, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab1379<br>
 
−
Kormos R et al. 2003. The Republic of Guinea, in Kormos, R. Boesch, C., Bakarr, M.I. & Butynski, T.M. [eds.] Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan, IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK<br>
 
−
McCullough J. 2004. A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Forêt Classée du Pic de Fon, Simandou Range, Southeastern Republic of Guinea. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 35. Conservation International, Washington, DC.<br>
 
−
METT. 2009a. Management Effectiveness Evaluations – Parc National du Badiar. Online: [https://papaco.org/guinea/  papaco.org]<br>
 
−
METT. 2009b. Management Effectiveness Evaluations – Parc National du Haut Niger. Online: [https://papaco.org/guinea/  papaco.org]<br>
 
−
METT. 2009c. Management Effectiveness Evaluations – Reserve de faune de Kankan et parc Diwasi. Online: [https://papaco.org/guinea/  papaco.org]<br>
 
−
METT. 2009d. Management Effectiveness Evaluations – Forêt Classée de Ziama. Online: [https://papaco.org/guinea/  papaco.org]<br>
 
−
Sugiyama Y, Soumah AG. 1988. Preliminary Survey of the Distribution and Population of Chimpanzees in the Republic of Guinea. Primates, 29(4):569-574<br>
 
−
UNEP-WCMC, IUCN. 2019. Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA), Cambridge, UK: UNEP-WCMC and IUCN Online: [https://www.protectedplanet.net/country/GN  www.protectedplanet.net]<br>
 
−
UNESCO. 2018a. Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve. Online: [http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/155    whc.unesco.org]<br>
 
−
UNESCO. 2018b. State of Conservation - Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve. Online: [http://whc.unesco.org/en/soc/3810    whc.unesco.org/soc]<br>
 
−
 
  
−
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GALF WARA. 2019. GALF [http://www.eagle-enforcement.org/guinea/ EAGLE website]
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Ham R. 1998. Nationwide chimpanzee census and large mammal survey Republic of Guinea
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Heinicke et al. 2019. Advancing conservation planning for western chimpanzees using IUCN SSC A.P.E.S. – the case of a taxon-specific database. Environmental Research Letters, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab1379
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Kormos R et al. 2003. The Republic of Guinea, in Kormos, R. Boesch, C., Bakarr, M.I. & Butynski, T.M. [eds.] Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan, IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK
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McCullough J. 2004. A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Forêt Classée du Pic de Fon, Simandou Range, Southeastern Republic of Guinea. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 35. Conservation International, Washington, DC.
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METT. 2009a. Management Effectiveness Evaluations – Parc National du Badiar. Online: [https://papaco.org/guinea/  papaco.org]
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METT. 2009b. Management Effectiveness Evaluations – Parc National du Haut Niger. Online: [https://papaco.org/guinea/  papaco.org]
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METT. 2009c. Management Effectiveness Evaluations – Reserve de faune de Kankan et parc Diwasi. Online: [https://papaco.org/guinea/  papaco.org]
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'''Page created by: '''A.P.E.S. Wiki Team''' Date:''' NA

Latest revision as of 09:56, 18 March 2025

West Africa > Republic of Guinea > Republic of Guinea Nationwide

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Summary

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  • It has been estimated that 33,139 (CI: 8,796-68,203) individuals occur in the Republic of Guinea.
  • The chimpanzee population trend is unknown.
  • This site has a total size of 246,427 km².
  • Key threats to chimpanzees are habitat loss and hunting.
  • The following conservation activities were implemented at the national level: uncovering illegal trade in wildlife and strengthening law enforcement.
  • Guinea harbors the largest remaining population of western chimpanzees.
  • Western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) are present in the Republic of Guinea.


Site characteristics

The Republic of Guinea is a coastal West African country that shares borders with Guinea-Bissau, Senegal, Mali, Côte d’Ivoire, Liberia and Sierra Leone. It has a total land area of 246,427 km² (UNEP-WCMC and IUCN 2019). Guinea has a population of 11,855,411, approximately 90% of them Muslim (July 2018, CIA World Factbook 2019). Based on topographic features four natural regions are being distinguished in Guinea: (i) Guinée Maritime or Basse-Guinée, in western Guinea, at the coast characterized by lowland plains and savanna ecosystems, (ii) Moyenne Guinée in the north-east dominated by the Fouta Djallon highlands with steep areas, savanna ecosystems and gallery forests, (iii) Haute Guinée in the east characterized by savanna plains, and (iv) Guinée Forestière in the south-east with some remaining rainforests and mountainous areas (Kormos et al. 2003). Guineas highest peak is Mout Nimba with an elevation of 1,752 m (CIA World Factbook 2019). Guinea features a diversity of habitat types from montane and lowland moist forests to dry savannas. Agricultural areas are also widespread. Due to the mountainous terrain many rivers have their source in Guinea (Kormos et al. 2003). Guinea has a high biodiversity including, leopard (Panthera pardus), lion (Panthera leo), hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius), forest elephant (Loxodonta africana), the Micropotamogale of Mount Nimba (Micropotamogale lamottei, a shrew), the viviparous toad of Mount Nimba (Nimbaphrynoides occidentalis), and many primate species, such as Campbell’s guenon (Cercopithecus campbelli campbelli), Demidoff ’s galago (Galagoides demidoff), diana monkey (Cercopithecus diana), greater spot-nosed guenon (Cercopithecus nicitans), Guinea baboons (Papio papio), patas monkey (Erythrocebus patas), potto (Perodicticus potto), spot-nosed monkey (Cercopithecus petaurista), sooty mangabey (Cercocebus atys atys), and western red colobus (Piliocolobus badius). Guinea has designated two National Parks: Haut Niger and Badiar. Moyen Bafing National Park is in the final stages of designation. In addition, there is the high-level protected area ‘Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve’ and several classified forests.

Table 1. Basic site information for Republic of Guinea Nationwide

Species 'Pan troglodytes verus
Area 246,427 km²
Coordinates Lat: 10.84 , Lon: -10.94
Type of site Unknown
Habitat types Agricultural land, Savanna, Wetlands (lakes, rivers, streams, bogs, marshes),Subtropical/tropical dry forest, Shrubland, Subtropical/tropical heavily degraded former forest, Grassland, Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest, Subtropical/tropical moist montane forest
Type of governance

IUCN habitat categories Site designations

Ape status

Guinea harbors the largest remaining population of western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus). Sugiyama and Soumah conducted the first nationwide survey in Guinea by sending questionnaires to officers of the provincial governments, and concluded that only a few thousand chimpanzees remain (1988). A follow-up survey based on questionnaire, reconnaissance and transect surveys concluded that the chimpanzee population in Guinea was much larger with up to 23,000 individuals (Ham 1998). More recently the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation conducted transect surveys at 10 sites including a large-scale systematic survey across the Fouta Djallon Bafing Area and estimated that at least 18,000 western chimpanzees remain (WCF 2012). Based on the modelled density distribution of western chimpanzees across their geographic range Heinicke et al. (2019) estimated 33,139 (CI: 8,796-68,203) individuals in Guinea, with highest population densities in the Fouta Djallon (Heinicke et al. 2019, WCF 2012).

Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Republic of Guinea Nationwide

Species Year Occurrence Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day) Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI) Abundance estimate (95% CI) Survey area Sampling method Analytical framework Source Comments A.P.E.S. database ID
Pan troglodytes verus 1988 1,420-6,625 Nationwide Interviews Sugiyama & Soumah 1988 Questionnaire survey
Pan troglodytes verus 1995-1997 11,949-23,123 Nationwide Interviews Ham 1998 as cited in Kormos et al. 2003 Questionnaire survey
Pan troglodytes verus 2009-2011 18,815 (8,581-42,156) 10 surveyed sites Line transects WCF 2012
Pan troglodytes verus 2015 33,139 (8,796-68,203) Nationwide Other Heinicke et al. 2019 Based on density distribution predicted for geographic range of western chimpanzees using models and transect survey data

Threats

The most prevalent threats to chimpanzees across Guinea are habitat loss, caused by logging or fires, and hunting (Kormos et al. 2003, WCF 2012). Agricultural activities are also widespread (Kormos et al. 2003, WCF 2012). With Guinea being the largest exporter of bauxite, the increasing development of mining operations is likely to put more pressure on remaining chimpanzee habitat, as is the further development of hydropower plants.

Conservation activities

In 2012 the NGO WARA started the GALF project Guinée-Application de la Loi Faunique focused on uncovering illegal trade in wildlife and strengthening law enforcement in collaboration with the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MEEF), the Ministry of State for Justice, and the National Central Bureau of INTERPOL. Since its launch 20 chimpanzees have been rescued (GALF WARA 2019). Currently, a new conservation action plan for western chimpanzees In Guinea is in the process of being completed (as of September 2019).

Challenges

Reviews of the management effectiveness of several protected areas in Guinea consistently listed lack of funding, capacity and training, and lack of technical means as impediments to conservation.

Table 5. Challenges reported for Republic of Guinea Nationwide

Challenges Specific challenges Source Year(s)
2 Resources and capacity 2.1 Lack of capacity/training McCullough 2004, METT 2009b, UNESCO 2018a, UNESCO 2018b, METT 2009d
2 Resources and capacity 2.3 General lack of funding METT 2009a, METT 2009b, METT 2009c, UNESCO 2018a, UNESCO 2018b, METT 2009d
2 Resources and capacity 2.5 Lack of equipment/transportation METT 2009a, METT 2009b, METT 2009c, UNESCO 2018a, METT 2009d

Enablers

Table 6. Enablers reported for Republic of Guinea Nationwide

Enablers Specific enablers Source Year(s)
1 Site management
2 Resources and capacity
3 Engaged community
4 Institutional support
5 Ecological context
6 Safety and stability

Research activities

Nationwide surveys of chimpanzee status and distribution have been conducted by Sugiyama and Soumah (1988), Ham (1998) and WCF (2012). In addition, research has and is being done at various research sites including Bossou, Haut Niger, Moyen Bafing, and Seringbara (see sites for details).

Documented behaviours

Exposure to climate change impacts

External links

Relevant datasets

References

CIA World Factbook. 2019. Guinea. CIA World Factbook Guinea

GALF WARA. 2019. GALF EAGLE website

Ham R. 1998. Nationwide chimpanzee census and large mammal survey Republic of Guinea

Heinicke et al. 2019. Advancing conservation planning for western chimpanzees using IUCN SSC A.P.E.S. – the case of a taxon-specific database. Environmental Research Letters, https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/ab1379

Kormos R et al. 2003. The Republic of Guinea, in Kormos, R. Boesch, C., Bakarr, M.I. & Butynski, T.M. [eds.] Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan, IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK

McCullough J. 2004. A Rapid Biological Assessment of the Forêt Classée du Pic de Fon, Simandou Range, Southeastern Republic of Guinea. RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment 35. Conservation International, Washington, DC.

METT. 2009a. Management Effectiveness Evaluations – Parc National du Badiar. Online: papaco.org

METT. 2009b. Management Effectiveness Evaluations – Parc National du Haut Niger. Online: papaco.org

METT. 2009c. Management Effectiveness Evaluations – Reserve de faune de Kankan et parc Diwasi. Online: papaco.org

METT. 2009d. Management Effectiveness Evaluations – Forêt Classée de Ziama. Online: papaco.org

Sugiyama Y, Soumah AG. 1988. Preliminary Survey of the Distribution and Population of Chimpanzees in the Republic of Guinea. Primates, 29(4):569-574

UNEP-WCMC, IUCN. 2019. Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA), Cambridge, UK: UNEP-WCMC and IUCN Online: www.protectedplanet.net

UNESCO. 2018a. Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve. Online: whc.unesco.org

UNESCO. 2018b. State of Conservation - Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve. Online: whc.unesco.org/soc


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