Difference between revisions of "Goin-Débé Classified Forest"

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[[West Africa]] > [[Côte d'Ivoire]] > [[Goin-Débé Classified Forest]]
 
[[West Africa]] > [[Côte d'Ivoire]] > [[Goin-Débé Classified Forest]]
  
= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with a one sentence overview of each of the following sections. can include a site map -->
+
'''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Goin-Débé_Classified_Forest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=fr&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Français]''' | '''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Goin-Débé_Classified_Forest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=pt&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Português]''' | '''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Goin-Débé_Classified_Forest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=es&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Español]''' | '''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Goin-Débé_Classified_Forest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=id&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Bahasa Indonesia]''' | '''[https://wiki-iucnapesportal-org.translate.goog/index.php/Goin-Débé_Classified_Forest?_x_tr_sl=auto&_x_tr_tl=ms&_x_tr_hl=en&_x_tr_pto=wapp Melayu]'''
<div style="float: right">
+
 
{{#display_map: height=200px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap
+
__TOC__
|6.29, -7.74~[[Goin-Débé Classified Forest]]~Western Chimpanzee
+
= Summary =
}}
+
 
</div>
+
<div style="float: right">{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap|6.29, -7.74~[[Goin-Débé Classified Forest]]~'Pan troglodytes verus''}}</div>
* Western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus'') are present in Goin-Débé Classified Forest.  
+
* Western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus'') are present in Goin-Débé Classified Forest.
* It has been estimated that 27 (CI: 13-57) individuals occur at the site.  
+
* It has been estimated that 27 (CI: 13-57) individuals occur at the site.
* The chimpanzee population trend is decreasing.  
+
* The chimpanzee population trend is decreasing.
* This site has a total size of 1,366 km².  
+
* This site has a total size of 1,366 km².
* Key threats to chimpanzees are deforestation and illegal bushmeat hunting.  
+
* Key threats to chimpanzees are deforestation and illegal bushmeat hunting.
 
* The following conservation activities were conducted: certifying for sustainable logging.
 
* The following conservation activities were conducted: certifying for sustainable logging.
 
* Goin-Débé forest is now completely degraded.
 
* Goin-Débé forest is now completely degraded.
  
= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->
+
 
 +
= Site characteristics =
  
 
Goin-Débé is a Classified Forest in southwestern Côte d’Ivoire directly neighboring Cavally Classified Forest. In the past ten years the forest has been almost entirely degraded and has been replaced by cocoa plantations. Biodiversity surveys in 2007 and 2009/2010 confirmed the presence of ungulates such as bongo (''Tragelaphus eurycerus'') and bushbuck (''Tragelaphus scriptus''), birds, including hornbills (''Buceros sp.'') and turacos (''Tauraco sp.''), red river hog (''Potamochoerus porcus''), pygmy hippopotamus (''Choeropsis liberiensis''), and primates, such as Campbell’s monkey (''Cercopithecus campbelli''), sooty mangabey (''Cercocebus atys''), Diana monkey (''Cercopithecus diana'', Normand 2010). With the recent forest destruction, the current state of biodiversity and western chimpanzees specifically is unknown. Because of the presence of the endangered bird species Gola malimbe (''Malimbus ballmanni'') Cavally and Goin-Débé are designated as Important Bird Areas (BirdLife International 2019). Goin-Débé is listed as “Classified Forest Name Unknown (CIV) No.58” in the World Database of Protected Areas (UNEP-WCMC and IUCN 2019).
 
Goin-Débé is a Classified Forest in southwestern Côte d’Ivoire directly neighboring Cavally Classified Forest. In the past ten years the forest has been almost entirely degraded and has been replaced by cocoa plantations. Biodiversity surveys in 2007 and 2009/2010 confirmed the presence of ungulates such as bongo (''Tragelaphus eurycerus'') and bushbuck (''Tragelaphus scriptus''), birds, including hornbills (''Buceros sp.'') and turacos (''Tauraco sp.''), red river hog (''Potamochoerus porcus''), pygmy hippopotamus (''Choeropsis liberiensis''), and primates, such as Campbell’s monkey (''Cercopithecus campbelli''), sooty mangabey (''Cercocebus atys''), Diana monkey (''Cercopithecus diana'', Normand 2010). With the recent forest destruction, the current state of biodiversity and western chimpanzees specifically is unknown. Because of the presence of the endangered bird species Gola malimbe (''Malimbus ballmanni'') Cavally and Goin-Débé are designated as Important Bird Areas (BirdLife International 2019). Goin-Débé is listed as “Classified Forest Name Unknown (CIV) No.58” in the World Database of Protected Areas (UNEP-WCMC and IUCN 2019).
  
 
'''Table 1. Basic site information for Goin-Débé Classified Forest'''
 
'''Table 1. Basic site information for Goin-Débé Classified Forest'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table"
| Area             <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha    -->
+
|Species
 +
|'Pan troglodytes verus''
 +
|-
 +
|Area
 
|1,366 km²
 
|1,366 km²
 
|-
 
|-
| Coordinates
+
|Coordinates
|6.29, -7.74
+
|Lat: 6.29 , Lon:  -7.74
 +
|-
 +
|Type of site
 +
|Protected area (Classified Forest)
 
|-
 
|-
| Designation      <!-- National Park, Nature Reserve, etc.  -->
+
|Habitat types
|Classified Forest
+
|Agricultural land, Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest
 
|-
 
|-
|Habitat types    <!-- List IUCN Habitat Classification 3.0 categories present (Without number), see link below -->
+
|Type of governance
|Plantations, subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest
+
|
 
|}
 
|}
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/habitat-classification-scheme IUCN habitat categories]  [[Site designations]]
 
  
= Ape status = <!-- a text overview of ape status (population sizes, trends etc), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->
+
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/habitat-classification-scheme IUCN habitat categories] [[Site designations]]
 +
= Ape status =
  
 
A survey by the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (WCF) found a strong decline in western chimpanzee numbers between 2007 and 2010 mainly driven by large-scale deforestation (Normand 2010). While high chimpanzee densities were found in the first survey, with densities even higher than in Taï National Park, it was estimated that the chimpanzee population declined from more than 200 individuals to less than 40 individuals (Normand 2010). An analysis by Kühl et al. 2017 also found a significant population decline. With the large-scale forest degradation in the past years the current status of the western chimpanzee population is unknown.
 
A survey by the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (WCF) found a strong decline in western chimpanzee numbers between 2007 and 2010 mainly driven by large-scale deforestation (Normand 2010). While high chimpanzee densities were found in the first survey, with densities even higher than in Taï National Park, it was estimated that the chimpanzee population declined from more than 200 individuals to less than 40 individuals (Normand 2010). An analysis by Kühl et al. 2017 also found a significant population decline. With the large-scale forest degradation in the past years the current status of the western chimpanzee population is unknown.
  
'''Table 2. Ape population estimates in Goin-Débé Classified Forest'''
+
'''Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Goin-Débé Classified Forest'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Ape_status-table"
! Species
+
!Species
! Year
+
!Year
! Abundance estimate (95% CI)
+
!Occurrence
! Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
+
!Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day)
! Encounter rate (nests/km)
+
!Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
! Area
+
!Abundance estimate (95% CI)
! Method
+
!Survey area
! Source
+
!Sampling method
! Comments
+
!Analytical framework
! A.P.E.S. database ID
+
!Source
 +
!Comments
 +
!A.P.E.S. database ID
 
|-
 
|-
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|2007
 
|2007
 +
|
 +
|0.179 (Eastern part), 0.872 (Central part)
 +
|0.235 (0.095-0.580)
 
|213 (86-525)
 
|213 (86-525)
|0.235 (0.095-0.580)
 
|0.179 (Eastern part), 0.872 (Central part)
 
 
|Eastern and central part of Goin-Débé
 
|Eastern and central part of Goin-Débé
|Line transects (Distance)
+
|Line transects
 +
|
 
|Normand 2010
 
|Normand 2010
 
|Total survey effort: 165 km
 
|Total survey effort: 165 km
Line 76: Line 76:
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|2009-2010
 
|2009-2010
 +
|
 +
|0.103 (Western part), 0.109 (Central part)
 +
|0.026 (0.013-0.055)
 
|27 (13-57)
 
|27 (13-57)
|0.026 (0.013-0.055)
 
|0.103 (Western part), 0.109 (Central part)
 
 
|Western and central part of Goin-Débé
 
|Western and central part of Goin-Débé
|Line transects (Distance)
+
|Line transects
 +
|
 
|Normand 2010
 
|Normand 2010
 
|Total survey effort: 197 km
 
|Total survey effort: 197 km
Line 86: Line 88:
 
|}
 
|}
  
= Threats =     <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats -->
+
= Threats =
  
 
The monitoring surveys conducted by the WCF encountered mostly plantations in the eastern and western part of Goin-Débé in 2007 (Normand 2010). During that survey the central part was still forested and hardly any agricultural activities were encountered. However, prevalence of agricultural activities strongly increased since the dry season 2008/2009 (Normand 2010). Signs of hunting were recorded across the entire area (Normand 2010). While deforestation was the most prevalent anthropogenic pressure encountered during 2007 survey, agricultural activities were the most prevalent activity recorded in the 2010 survey, most of them cocoa plantations. This highlights the dynamic of deforestation being followed by expansion of agricultural areas. The WCF concluded that the entire forest is now degraded (WCF 2016), while SODEFOR (Society for the Forest Development, the government agency managing classified forests) in a recent survey of the area concluded that 80% of the forest are severely degraded (IDH 2018).
 
The monitoring surveys conducted by the WCF encountered mostly plantations in the eastern and western part of Goin-Débé in 2007 (Normand 2010). During that survey the central part was still forested and hardly any agricultural activities were encountered. However, prevalence of agricultural activities strongly increased since the dry season 2008/2009 (Normand 2010). Signs of hunting were recorded across the entire area (Normand 2010). While deforestation was the most prevalent anthropogenic pressure encountered during 2007 survey, agricultural activities were the most prevalent activity recorded in the 2010 survey, most of them cocoa plantations. This highlights the dynamic of deforestation being followed by expansion of agricultural areas. The WCF concluded that the entire forest is now degraded (WCF 2016), while SODEFOR (Society for the Forest Development, the government agency managing classified forests) in a recent survey of the area concluded that 80% of the forest are severely degraded (IDH 2018).
  
'''Table 3. Threats to great apes in Goin-Débé Classified Forest'''
+
'''Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Goin-Débé Classified Forest'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Threats-table"
!align="left"|Category <!-- Do not change threat categories -->
+
!Category
!Specific threats   <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the list linked below -->
+
!Specific threats
!Threat level       <!-- For threat level, please use keywords: unknown, low, high -->
+
!Threat level
!Quantified severity <!-- e.g., encounter rate, number of miners etc. (with reference)-->
+
!Description
!Description         <!-- You can add descriptive information here -->
+
!Year of threat
!Year of threat     <!-- if ongoing or unknown add year of reference in brackets-->
 
 
|-
 
|-
|1. Residential & commercial development
+
|1 Residential & commercial development
 
|
 
|
 
|Absent
 
|Absent
|
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
+
|6 Human intrusions & disturbance
|2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops
 
|High
 
|> 0.2 signs of agriculture/km (Normand 2010)
 
|agricultural activities widespread (Normand 2010)
 
|Ongoing (2010)
 
|-
 
|3. Energy production & mining
 
|3.2 Mining & quarrying
 
|Low
 
 
|
 
|
|signs of artisanal mining for gold during 2007 survey (Normand 2010)
+
|Absent
|Unknown
 
|-
 
|4. Transportation & service corridors
 
|4.1 Roads & railroads
 
|Medium
 
|
 
|roads used to access plantations but also for wood extraction (Normand 2010)
 
|Ongoing (2010)
 
|-
 
|5. Biological resource use
 
|5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals
 
|High
 
|
 
|
 
|Ongoing (2010)
 
|-
 
 
|
 
|
|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
 
|High
 
 
|
 
|
|especially high prevalence in 2007 survey (Normand 2010)
 
|Ongoing (2010)
 
 
|-
 
|-
|6. Human intrusions & disturbance
+
|7 Natural system modifications
 
|
 
|
 
|Absent
 
|Absent
|
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
|7. Natural system modifications
+
|9 Pollution
 
|
 
|
 
|Absent
 
|Absent
|
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
+
|10 Geological events
|
 
|Unknown
 
 
|
 
|
 +
|Absent
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
|9. Pollution
+
|12 Other threat
 
|
 
|
 
|Absent
 
|Absent
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|-
 +
|2 Agriculture & aquaculture
 +
|2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops
 +
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
 +
|agricultural activities widespread (Normand 2010)
 +
|Ongoing (2010)
 +
|-
 +
|5 Biological resource use
 +
|5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals
 +
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
 
|
 
|
 +
|Ongoing (2010)
 +
|-
 +
|5 Biological resource use
 +
|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
 +
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
 +
|especially high prevalence in 2007 survey (Normand 2010)
 +
|Ongoing (2010)
 
|-
 
|-
|10. Geological Events
+
|3 Energy production & mining
|
+
|3.2 Mining & quarrying
|Absent
+
|Low (up to 30% of population affected)
|
+
|signs of artisanal mining for gold during 2007 survey (Normand 2010)
|
+
|Unknown
|
+
|-
 +
|4 Transportation & service corridors
 +
|4.1 Roads & railroads
 +
|Medium (30-70% of population affected)
 +
|roads used to access plantations but also for wood extraction (Normand 2010)
 +
|Ongoing (2010)
 
|-
 
|-
| 11. Climate change & severe weather
+
|8 Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseases
 
|
 
|
 
|Unknown
 
|Unknown
|
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
|12. Other options
+
|11 Climate change & severe weather
 
|
 
|
|Absent
+
|Unknown
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
|
 
|-
 
 
|}
 
|}
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list]
 
  
= Conservation activities =       <!-- a text overview of conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->
+
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list]
 +
= Conservation activities =
  
 
Since 2005 the WCF cooperated with SODEFOR (Society for the Forest Development, the government agency managing classified forests) and OIPR (Office for Reserves and National Parks) to establish and monitor sustainable logging practices in the classified forests of Goin-Débé and Cavally (Normand 2007). The WCF implemented monitoring activities and with its presence  wanted to deter illegal agricultural activities (Normand 2007, WCF 2011). With the lack of law enforcement during the post-election crisis 2010/2011 deforestation pressure increased strongly and the WCF seems to have now ceased its conservation activities due to the large-scale degradation of the forest (WCF 2016).
 
Since 2005 the WCF cooperated with SODEFOR (Society for the Forest Development, the government agency managing classified forests) and OIPR (Office for Reserves and National Parks) to establish and monitor sustainable logging practices in the classified forests of Goin-Débé and Cavally (Normand 2007). The WCF implemented monitoring activities and with its presence  wanted to deter illegal agricultural activities (Normand 2007, WCF 2011). With the lack of law enforcement during the post-election crisis 2010/2011 deforestation pressure increased strongly and the WCF seems to have now ceased its conservation activities due to the large-scale degradation of the forest (WCF 2016).
In 2018, SODEFOR implemented a survey of Goin-Débé forest and conducted sensitization events of the local population and illegal farmers (IDH 2018).
 
  
'''Table 4. Conservation activities in Goin-Débé Classified Forest'''
+
'''Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Goin-Débé Classified Forest'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"
+
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Conservation_activities-table"
!align="left"|Category <!-- Do not change threat categories -->
+
!Category
!Specific activity   <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the list linked below -->
+
!Specific activity
!Description         <!-- You can add descriptive information here -->
+
!Description
!Year of activity         <!-- if ongoing or unknown add year of reference in brackets -->
+
!Implementing organization(s)
 +
!Year of activity
 
|-
 
|-
|1. Residential & commercial development
+
|1 Development impact mitigation
|Absent
+
|1.15 Certify products from agriculture, mining or logging and market them as ape friendly
 +
|WCF cooperates with SODEFOR and OIPR  to establish and monitor sustainable logging practices (Normand 2007, WCF 2012)
 
|
 
|
 +
|2005-2012
 +
|-
 +
|4 Education & awareness
 +
|4.1 Educate local communities about apes and sustainable use
 +
|SODEFOR conducted sensitization events with local population and illegal farmers (IDH 2018)
 
|
 
|
 +
|2018
 
|-
 
|-
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
+
|5 Protection & restoration
|Absent
+
|5.2 Legally protect ape habitat
 +
|designated as classified forest (Normand 2007, 2010)
 
|
 
|
 +
|Unknown (2010)
 +
|}
 +
 +
[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]
 +
= Challenges =
 +
 +
As part of their work to establish and monitor sustainable logging practices the WCF noted that civil unrest and the lack of law enforcement impeded conservation activities (WCF 2012).
 +
 +
'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Goin-Débé Classified Forest'''
 +
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Challenges-table"
 +
!Challenges
 +
!Specific challenges
 +
!Source
 +
!Year(s)
 +
|-
 +
|6 Safety and stability
 +
|6.3 Civil unrest/war
 +
|WCF 2012
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
|3. Energy production & mining
+
|4 Institutional support
|Absent
+
|4.1 Lack of law enforcement
 +
|WCF 2012
 
|
 
|
 +
|}
 +
 +
= Enablers =
 +
 +
 +
 +
'''Table 6. Enablers reported for Goin-Débé Classified Forest'''
 +
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="enabler-table"
 +
!Enablers
 +
!Specific enablers
 +
!Source
 +
!Year(s)
 +
|-
 +
|1 Site management
 
|
 
|
|-
 
|4. Transportation & service corridors
 
|Absent
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
|5. Biological resource use
+
|2 Resources and capacity
|5.35. Certify forest concessions and market their products as ‘primate friendly’
+
|
|WCF cooperates with SODEFOR and OIPR  to establish and monitor sustainable logging practices (Normand 2007, WCF 2012)
 
|2005-2012
 
|-
 
|6. Human intrusions & disturbance
 
|Absent
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
|7. Natural system modifications
+
|3 Engaged community
|Absent
+
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
+
|4 Institutional support
|Absent
+
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
|9. Pollution
+
|5 Ecological context
|Absent
+
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|-
 
|-
|10. Education & Awareness
+
|6 Safety and stability
|10.1. Educate local communities about primates and sustainable use
 
|SODEFOR conducted sensitization events with local population and illegal farmers (IDH 2018)
 
|2018
 
|-
 
|11. Habitat Protection
 
|11.2. Legally protect primate habitat
 
|designated as classified forest (Normand 2007, 2010)
 
|Unknown (2010)
 
|-
 
|12. Species Management
 
|Absent
 
|
 
 
|
 
|
|-
 
|13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives
 
|Absent
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
|-
 
 
|}
 
|}
[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]
 
  
= Challenges = <!-- Overview of impediments to ape conservation -->
+
= Research activities =
  
As part of their work to establish and monitor sustainable logging practices the WCF noted that civil unrest and the lack of law enforcement impeded conservation activities (WCF 2012).  
+
Beyond the monitoring activities mentioned in the section ‘Ape Status’ no further research activities have been reported.
  
'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Goin-Débé Classified Forest'''
+
= Documented behaviours =
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="challenges-table"
+
 
!align="left"|Challenge  <!-- Do not change categories -->
+
 
!Source   <!-- source for impediment mentioned -->
+
 
 +
'''Table 7. Behaviours documented for Goin-Débé Classified Forest'''
 +
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviours-table"
 +
!Behavior
 +
!Source
 
|-
 
|-
|Civil unrest
+
|Not reported
|WCF 2012
+
|
|-
 
|Lack of law enforcement
 
|WCF 2012
 
 
|}
 
|}
  
= Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities -->
+
= Exposure to climate change impacts =
 +
 
 +
 
 +
 
 +
= External links =
  
Beyond the monitoring activities mentioned in the section ‘Ape Status’ no further research activities have been reported.
 
  
===Documented behaviours===  <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->
 
  
 +
= Relevant datasets =
  
'''Table 6. Great ape behaviors reported for Goin-Débé Classified Forest'''
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"
 
!align="left"|Behavior  <!-- Do not change categories -->
 
!Source  <!-- source for behavior -->
 
|-
 
|Not reported
 
|
 
|-
 
|}
 
  
  
 
= References =
 
= References =
IDH. 2018. SODEFOR half-way the full census of the Goin-Débé forest reserve. [https://www.idhsustainabletrade.com/news/sodefor-half-way-the-full-census-of-the-goin-debe-forest-reserve/  www.idhsustainabletrade.com]<br>
 
Kühl HS et al. 2017. The critically endangered western chimpanzee declines by 80%, American Journal of Primatology, 79:e22681<br>
 
Normand E. 2007. Protection of two high priority classified Forests in Côte d’Ivoire (Cavally and Goin-Débé): Improved management plan and bio-monitoring of logging operations. Unpublished report, [https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html Wild Chimpanzee Foundation]<br>
 
Normand E. 2010. Rapport de suivi écologique dans les forêts de Goin-Débé et de Cavally (2007-2010). Unpublished report, [https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html Wild Chimpanzee Foundation]<br>
 
UNEP-WCMC, IUCN. 2019. Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA), Cambridge, UK: UNEP-WCMC and IUCN Online: [https://www.protectedplanet.net/300901  www.protectedplanet.net]<br>
 
WCF. 2011. Annual report of the activities undertaken by the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation to improve the protection of wild chimpanzees and their habitat in West Africa, Year 2011. Online: [https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html Wild Chimpanzee Foundation]<br>
 
WCF. 2012. Annual report 2012 – activities of the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation for improved conservation of chimpanzees and their habitat in West Africa. Online: [https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html Wild Chimpanzee Foundation]<br>
 
WCF. 2016. Annual report 2016 – activities of the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation for improved conservation of chimpanzees and their habitat in West Africa. Online: [https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html Wild Chimpanzee Foundation]<br>
 
  
'''Page completed by:''' A.P.E.S. Wiki Team & Julia Riedel '''Date:''' 22/11/2019  <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->
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IDH. 2018. SODEFOR half-way the full census of the Goin-Débé forest reserve. [https://www.idhsustainabletrade.com/news/sodefor-half-way-the-full-census-of-the-goin-debe-forest-reserve/  www.idhsustainabletrade.com]
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Kühl HS et al. 2017. The critically endangered western chimpanzee declines by 80%, American Journal of Primatology, 79:e22681
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Normand E. 2007. Protection of two high priority classified Forests in Côte d’Ivoire (Cavally and Goin-Débé): Improved management plan and bio-monitoring of logging operations. Unpublished report, [https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html Wild Chimpanzee Foundation]
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Normand E. 2010. Rapport de suivi écologique dans les forêts de Goin-Débé et de Cavally (2007-2010). Unpublished report, [https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html Wild Chimpanzee Foundation]
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UNEP-WCMC, IUCN. 2019. Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA), Cambridge, UK: UNEP-WCMC and IUCN Online: [https://www.protectedplanet.net/300901  www.protectedplanet.net]
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WCF. 2011. Annual report of the activities undertaken by the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation to improve the protection of wild chimpanzees and their habitat in West Africa, Year 2011. Online: [https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html Wild Chimpanzee Foundation]
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WCF. 2012. Annual report 2012 – activities of the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation for improved conservation of chimpanzees and their habitat in West Africa. Online: [https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html Wild Chimpanzee Foundation]
 +
 
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WCF. 2016. Annual report 2016 – activities of the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation for improved conservation of chimpanzees and their habitat in West Africa. Online: [https://www.wildchimps.org/reports/reports.html Wild Chimpanzee Foundation]
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'''Page created by: '''A.P.E.S. Wiki Team & Julia Riedel''' Date:''' NA

Latest revision as of 09:51, 18 March 2025

West Africa > Côte d'Ivoire > Goin-Débé Classified Forest

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Summary

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  • Western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) are present in Goin-Débé Classified Forest.
  • It has been estimated that 27 (CI: 13-57) individuals occur at the site.
  • The chimpanzee population trend is decreasing.
  • This site has a total size of 1,366 km².
  • Key threats to chimpanzees are deforestation and illegal bushmeat hunting.
  • The following conservation activities were conducted: certifying for sustainable logging.
  • Goin-Débé forest is now completely degraded.


Site characteristics

Goin-Débé is a Classified Forest in southwestern Côte d’Ivoire directly neighboring Cavally Classified Forest. In the past ten years the forest has been almost entirely degraded and has been replaced by cocoa plantations. Biodiversity surveys in 2007 and 2009/2010 confirmed the presence of ungulates such as bongo (Tragelaphus eurycerus) and bushbuck (Tragelaphus scriptus), birds, including hornbills (Buceros sp.) and turacos (Tauraco sp.), red river hog (Potamochoerus porcus), pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis), and primates, such as Campbell’s monkey (Cercopithecus campbelli), sooty mangabey (Cercocebus atys), Diana monkey (Cercopithecus diana, Normand 2010). With the recent forest destruction, the current state of biodiversity and western chimpanzees specifically is unknown. Because of the presence of the endangered bird species Gola malimbe (Malimbus ballmanni) Cavally and Goin-Débé are designated as Important Bird Areas (BirdLife International 2019). Goin-Débé is listed as “Classified Forest Name Unknown (CIV) No.58” in the World Database of Protected Areas (UNEP-WCMC and IUCN 2019).

Table 1. Basic site information for Goin-Débé Classified Forest

Species 'Pan troglodytes verus
Area 1,366 km²
Coordinates Lat: 6.29 , Lon: -7.74
Type of site Protected area (Classified Forest)
Habitat types Agricultural land, Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest
Type of governance

IUCN habitat categories Site designations

Ape status

A survey by the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (WCF) found a strong decline in western chimpanzee numbers between 2007 and 2010 mainly driven by large-scale deforestation (Normand 2010). While high chimpanzee densities were found in the first survey, with densities even higher than in Taï National Park, it was estimated that the chimpanzee population declined from more than 200 individuals to less than 40 individuals (Normand 2010). An analysis by Kühl et al. 2017 also found a significant population decline. With the large-scale forest degradation in the past years the current status of the western chimpanzee population is unknown.

Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Goin-Débé Classified Forest

Species Year Occurrence Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day) Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI) Abundance estimate (95% CI) Survey area Sampling method Analytical framework Source Comments A.P.E.S. database ID
Pan troglodytes verus 2007 0.179 (Eastern part), 0.872 (Central part) 0.235 (0.095-0.580) 213 (86-525) Eastern and central part of Goin-Débé Line transects Normand 2010 Total survey effort: 165 km
Pan troglodytes verus 2009-2010 0.103 (Western part), 0.109 (Central part) 0.026 (0.013-0.055) 27 (13-57) Western and central part of Goin-Débé Line transects Normand 2010 Total survey effort: 197 km

Threats

The monitoring surveys conducted by the WCF encountered mostly plantations in the eastern and western part of Goin-Débé in 2007 (Normand 2010). During that survey the central part was still forested and hardly any agricultural activities were encountered. However, prevalence of agricultural activities strongly increased since the dry season 2008/2009 (Normand 2010). Signs of hunting were recorded across the entire area (Normand 2010). While deforestation was the most prevalent anthropogenic pressure encountered during 2007 survey, agricultural activities were the most prevalent activity recorded in the 2010 survey, most of them cocoa plantations. This highlights the dynamic of deforestation being followed by expansion of agricultural areas. The WCF concluded that the entire forest is now degraded (WCF 2016), while SODEFOR (Society for the Forest Development, the government agency managing classified forests) in a recent survey of the area concluded that 80% of the forest are severely degraded (IDH 2018).

Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Goin-Débé Classified Forest

Category Specific threats Threat level Description Year of threat
1 Residential & commercial development Absent
6 Human intrusions & disturbance Absent
7 Natural system modifications Absent
9 Pollution Absent
10 Geological events Absent
12 Other threat Absent
2 Agriculture & aquaculture 2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops High (more than 70% of population affected) agricultural activities widespread (Normand 2010) Ongoing (2010)
5 Biological resource use 5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals High (more than 70% of population affected) Ongoing (2010)
5 Biological resource use 5.3 Logging & wood harvesting High (more than 70% of population affected) especially high prevalence in 2007 survey (Normand 2010) Ongoing (2010)
3 Energy production & mining 3.2 Mining & quarrying Low (up to 30% of population affected) signs of artisanal mining for gold during 2007 survey (Normand 2010) Unknown
4 Transportation & service corridors 4.1 Roads & railroads Medium (30-70% of population affected) roads used to access plantations but also for wood extraction (Normand 2010) Ongoing (2010)
8 Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseases Unknown
11 Climate change & severe weather Unknown

IUCN Threats list

Conservation activities

Since 2005 the WCF cooperated with SODEFOR (Society for the Forest Development, the government agency managing classified forests) and OIPR (Office for Reserves and National Parks) to establish and monitor sustainable logging practices in the classified forests of Goin-Débé and Cavally (Normand 2007). The WCF implemented monitoring activities and with its presence wanted to deter illegal agricultural activities (Normand 2007, WCF 2011). With the lack of law enforcement during the post-election crisis 2010/2011 deforestation pressure increased strongly and the WCF seems to have now ceased its conservation activities due to the large-scale degradation of the forest (WCF 2016).

Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Goin-Débé Classified Forest

Category Specific activity Description Implementing organization(s) Year of activity
1 Development impact mitigation 1.15 Certify products from agriculture, mining or logging and market them as ape friendly WCF cooperates with SODEFOR and OIPR to establish and monitor sustainable logging practices (Normand 2007, WCF 2012) 2005-2012
4 Education & awareness 4.1 Educate local communities about apes and sustainable use SODEFOR conducted sensitization events with local population and illegal farmers (IDH 2018) 2018
5 Protection & restoration 5.2 Legally protect ape habitat designated as classified forest (Normand 2007, 2010) Unknown (2010)

Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)

Challenges

As part of their work to establish and monitor sustainable logging practices the WCF noted that civil unrest and the lack of law enforcement impeded conservation activities (WCF 2012).

Table 5. Challenges reported for Goin-Débé Classified Forest

Challenges Specific challenges Source Year(s)
6 Safety and stability 6.3 Civil unrest/war WCF 2012
4 Institutional support 4.1 Lack of law enforcement WCF 2012

Enablers

Table 6. Enablers reported for Goin-Débé Classified Forest

Enablers Specific enablers Source Year(s)
1 Site management
2 Resources and capacity
3 Engaged community
4 Institutional support
5 Ecological context
6 Safety and stability

Research activities

Beyond the monitoring activities mentioned in the section ‘Ape Status’ no further research activities have been reported.

Documented behaviours

Table 7. Behaviours documented for Goin-Débé Classified Forest

Behavior Source
Not reported

Exposure to climate change impacts

External links

Relevant datasets

References

IDH. 2018. SODEFOR half-way the full census of the Goin-Débé forest reserve. www.idhsustainabletrade.com

Kühl HS et al. 2017. The critically endangered western chimpanzee declines by 80%, American Journal of Primatology, 79:e22681

Normand E. 2007. Protection of two high priority classified Forests in Côte d’Ivoire (Cavally and Goin-Débé): Improved management plan and bio-monitoring of logging operations. Unpublished report, Wild Chimpanzee Foundation

Normand E. 2010. Rapport de suivi écologique dans les forêts de Goin-Débé et de Cavally (2007-2010). Unpublished report, Wild Chimpanzee Foundation

UNEP-WCMC, IUCN. 2019. Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA), Cambridge, UK: UNEP-WCMC and IUCN Online: www.protectedplanet.net

WCF. 2011. Annual report of the activities undertaken by the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation to improve the protection of wild chimpanzees and their habitat in West Africa, Year 2011. Online: Wild Chimpanzee Foundation

WCF. 2012. Annual report 2012 – activities of the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation for improved conservation of chimpanzees and their habitat in West Africa. Online: Wild Chimpanzee Foundation

WCF. 2016. Annual report 2016 – activities of the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation for improved conservation of chimpanzees and their habitat in West Africa. Online: Wild Chimpanzee Foundation


Page created by: A.P.E.S. Wiki Team & Julia Riedel Date: NA