Difference between revisions of "Lac Télé Community Reserve"
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+ | [[Central Africa]] > [[Republic of the Congo]] > [[Lac Télé Community Reserve]] | ||
− | + | = Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with one sentence for each section. May include a site map --> | |
− | + | * Central chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes troglodytes'') & Western lowland gorillas (''Gorilla gorilla gorilla'') are present in Lac Télé Community Reserve. | |
− | = Summary = | + | * It has been estimated that 7,647 (4,044–12,183) gorillas and chimpanzees occur in the site. |
− | + | * The population trends are unknown. | |
− | * | + | * The site has a total size of 4,400 km². |
− | * | + | * Key threats to great apes are hunting and logging. |
− | * | + | * Conservation activities have focused on monitoring with SMART, anti-poaching patrols, and providing alternative forms of income to reduce the bushmeat trade. |
− | * | ||
− | * Key threats to apes are | ||
− | * | ||
+ | = Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information --> | ||
− | + | Lac Télé Community Reserve is located in the northeastern Republic of the Congo. Consisting of 70% wetland, Lac Télé Community Reserve is one of the world's largest swamp-forest ([https://congo.wcs.org/Wild-Places/Lac-T%C3%A9l%C3%A9-Community-Reserve.aspx WCS]). The site is located between the Sangha and Oubangui rivers, which seasonally flood the forest, grassland, and floating prairies, and pump water into the lakes, ponds and rivers found at the site. In the centre of the reserve lies an area of firm land, which is an important habitat for gorillas ([https://congo.wcs.org/Wild-Places/Lac-T%C3%A9l%C3%A9-Community-Reserve.aspx WCS]). The reserve supports one of the densest populations of western lowland gorillas, and it is also home to chimpanzees, elephants, buffaloes, duikers, and hippopotamuses ([https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/950 Ramsar]). The reserve was designated a Ramsar site in 1998. In 2017, the Lac Tumba Transboundary Ramsar Site was established, which includes Lac Télé and Grands Affluents in Congo, as well as Ngiri-Tumba-Maindombe in the Democratic Republic of Congo ([https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/950 Ramsar]). The reserve is owned by the local communities; approximately 20,000 people in the reserve ([https://congo.wcs.org/Wild-Places/Lac-T%C3%A9l%C3%A9-Community-Reserve.aspx WCS]; [https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/950 Ramsar]). These communities heavily depend on the reserve's natural resources for fish, agriculture, construction materials canoes, and medicines ([https://congo.wcs.org/Wild-Places/Lac-T%C3%A9l%C3%A9-Community-Reserve.aspx WCS]; [https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/950 Ramsar]). | |
− | + | '''Table 1. Basic site information for Lac Télé Community Reserve''' | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | '''Table 1 | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information" | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information" | ||
− | | Area | + | | Area <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha --> |
− | | | + | |4,400 km² |
|- | |- | ||
− | | Coordinates | + | |Coordinates |
− | | | + | |1.316971 N, 17.223215 E |
|- | |- | ||
− | | Designation | + | |Designation |
− | | | + | |Community Reserve |
|- | |- | ||
− | |Habitat types | + | |Habitat types <!-- List IUCN Habitat Classification 3.0 categories present (without number), see link below --> |
− | | | + | |Subtropical/tropical swamp forest, Wetlands (inland) – Bogs, marshes, swamps, fens, peatlands |
|} | |} | ||
− | [ | + | [https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/habitat-classification-scheme IUCN habitat categories] [[Site designations]] |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
+ | = Ape status = <!--An overview of ape population status (population sizes, trends, etc.), followed by a table of specific surveys and results --> | ||
− | + | '''Table 2. Ape population estimates in Lac Télé Community Reserve''' | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | '''Table 2 | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table" | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table" | ||
! Species | ! Species | ||
! Year | ! Year | ||
− | ! Abundance estimate (95% | + | ! Abundance estimate (95% CI) |
− | ! Density estimate ( | + | ! Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI) |
! Encounter rate (nests/km) | ! Encounter rate (nests/km) | ||
! Area | ! Area | ||
Line 72: | Line 52: | ||
! A.P.E.S. database ID | ! A.P.E.S. database ID | ||
|- | |- | ||
+ | |''Gorilla gorilla gorilla'' | ||
+ | |2007 | ||
+ | |5,402 (2,778–10,486) | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
+ | |1,029 km2 of the south-eastern Reserve periphery including Raphia swamp forests | ||
+ | |Line transects (Distance) | ||
+ | |Rainey et al. 2010 | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |''Pan troglodytes troglodytes'' & ''Gorilla gorilla gorilla'' | ||
+ | |2007 | ||
+ | |7,647 (4,044–12,183) | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |1,029 km2 of the south-eastern Reserve periphery including Raphia swamp forests |
− | | | + | |Line transects (Distance) |
+ | |Rainey et al. 2010 | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 86: | Line 77: | ||
= Threats = <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats --> | = Threats = <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats --> | ||
− | + | '''Table 3. Threats to apes in Lac Télé Community Reserve''' | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | '''Table 3 | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table" | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table" | ||
− | !align="left"|Category | + | !align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE THREAT CATEGORIES --> |
− | !Specific threats | + | !Specific threats <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the IUCN list linked below --> |
− | !Threat level | + | !Threat level <!-- For threat level, please use keywords: low, medium, high, present, absent, unknown--> |
− | !Quantified severity <!-- e.g., encounter | + | !Quantified severity <!-- Enter any available quantification of the threat, e.g., the proportion of the area affected by the threat, hunting sign encounter rates--> |
− | !Description | + | !Description <!-- Add descriptive information --> |
− | !Year of threat | + | !Year of threat <!-- Enter specific year(s), “ongoing”, or “unknown”. If the threat is ongoing, please add the year of reference in parentheses --> |
|- | |- | ||
|1. Residential & commercial development | |1. Residential & commercial development | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |Unknown |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 108: | Line 95: | ||
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture | |2. Agriculture & aquaculture | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |Unknown |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 115: | Line 102: | ||
|3. Energy production & mining | |3. Energy production & mining | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |Unknown |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 122: | Line 109: | ||
|4. Transportation & service corridors | |4. Transportation & service corridors | ||
| | | | ||
+ | |Unknown | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
+ | |- | ||
+ | |5. Biological resource use | ||
+ | |5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals | ||
+ | |Present, but threat severity is unknown | ||
| | | | ||
+ | |Mammal species hunted for commercial bushmeat markets, not only locally, but also in urban areas further away, e.g., in Kinshasa ([https://congo.wcs.org/Wild-Places/Lac-T%C3%A9l%C3%A9-Community-Reserve.aspx WCS]). | ||
+ | |Ongoing | ||
|- | |- | ||
|5. Biological resource use | |5. Biological resource use | ||
+ | |5.3 Logging & wood harvesting | ||
+ | |Low | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |Deforestation concentrated along the rivers and in terra firma forests. Trees are logged mainly for firewood collection and slash-and-burn agriculture. Although at the moment is it small-scale, the threat is expected to increase as road networks expand in the area ([https://congo.wcs.org/Wild-Places/Lac-T%C3%A9l%C3%A9-Community-Reserve.aspx WCS]). |
− | | | + | |Ongoing |
− | |||
− | |||
|- | |- | ||
− | |6. Human | + | |6. Human intrusion & disturbance |
− | |||
| | | | ||
+ | |Absent | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 143: | Line 137: | ||
|7. Natural system modifications | |7. Natural system modifications | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |Absent |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 150: | Line 144: | ||
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases | |8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |Unknown |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 157: | Line 151: | ||
|9. Pollution | |9. Pollution | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |Unknown |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 164: | Line 158: | ||
|10. Geological Events | |10. Geological Events | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |Absent |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |11. Climate change & severe weather | + | | 11. Climate change & severe weather |
− | |||
| | | | ||
+ | |Unknown | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 178: | Line 172: | ||
|12. Other options | |12. Other options | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |Absent |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
Line 186: | Line 180: | ||
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list] | [https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list] | ||
+ | = Conservation activities = <!-- A summary of the conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities --> | ||
+ | The reserve is managed by the Ministry of Forest Economy (MEF) in partnership with WCS Congo. | ||
− | + | '''Table 4. Conservation activities in Lac Télé Community Reserve''' | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | '''Table 4 | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table" | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table" | ||
− | !align="left"|Category | + | !align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE CATEGORIES --> |
− | !Specific activity | + | !Specific activity <!-- For specific threats, please use list from the list linked below, OR enter “Not reported” --> |
− | !Description | + | !Description <!-- Add descriptive information --> |
− | !Year of activity | + | !Year of activity <!-- Add descriptive information --> |
|- | |- | ||
|1. Residential & commercial development | |1. Residential & commercial development | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture | |2. Agriculture & aquaculture | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|3. Energy production & mining | |3. Energy production & mining | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|4. Transportation & service corridors | |4. Transportation & service corridors | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|5. Biological resource use | |5. Biological resource use | ||
+ | |5.11. Provide training to anti-poaching ranger patrols | ||
+ | |WCS Congo, together with the Government of Congo, are recruiting and training rangers to patrol and protect the landscape and its wildlife ([https://congo.wcs.org/Wild-Places/Lac-T%C3%A9l%C3%A9-Community-Reserve.aspx WCS]). | ||
+ | |Ongoing | ||
+ | |- | ||
| | | | ||
− | | | + | |5.15. Implement monitoring surveillance strategies (e.g. SMART) or use monitoring data to improve effectiveness of wildlife law enforcement patrols |
− | | | + | |Provide rangers with training on the Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool (SMART)([https://congo.wcs.org/Wild-Places/Lac-T%C3%A9l%C3%A9-Community-Reserve.aspx WCS]). |
+ | |Ongoing | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | |6. Human | + | |6. Human intrusion & disturbance |
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|7. Natural system modifications | |7. Natural system modifications | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases | |8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|9. Pollution | |9. Pollution | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|10. Education & Awareness | |10. Education & Awareness | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|11. Habitat Protection | |11. Habitat Protection | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|12. Species Management | |12. Species Management | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives | |13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives | ||
− | | | + | |13.2. Provide non-monetary benefits to local communities for sustainably managing their forest and its wildlife (e.g. better education, infrastructure development) |
− | | | + | |Providing alternative forms of income (to reduce bushmeat trade) by developing and implementing a cocoa conservation management program; sustainable fisheries and commerce of dried fish; and a micro-credit program ([https://congo.wcs.org/Wild-Places/Lac-T%C3%A9l%C3%A9-Community-Reserve.aspx WCS]). |
− | | | + | |Ongoing |
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]] | [[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]] | ||
+ | = Challenges = <!-- Overview of challenges in ape conservation --> | ||
− | + | '''Table 5. Challenges reported for Lac Télé Community Reserve''' | |
− | + | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="challenges-table" | |
− | + | !align="left"|Challenge <!-- Do not change categories --> | |
− | + | !Source <!-- Source for challenge mentioned --> | |
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | '''Table 5 | ||
− | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class=" | ||
− | !align="left"| | ||
− | !Source | ||
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
− | |||
− | |||
= Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities --> | = Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities --> | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
===Documented behaviours=== <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations --> | ===Documented behaviours=== <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations --> | ||
− | '''Table 6 | + | '''Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Lac Télé Community Reserve''' |
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table" | {| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table" | ||
− | !align="left"|Behavior | + | !align="left"|Behavior |
− | !Source | + | !Source |
|- | |- | ||
− | | | + | |Not reported |
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
|} | |} | ||
+ | =External links= | ||
+ | [https://congo.wcs.org/Wild-Places/Lac-T%C3%A9l%C3%A9-Community-Reserve.aspx WCS Lac Télé Community Reserve] <br> | ||
+ | [https://rsis.ramsar.org/ris/950 Ramsar Lac Télé/Likouala-aux-herbes] <br> | ||
===Relevant datasets=== | ===Relevant datasets=== | ||
[http://apesportal.eva.mpg.de/database/archiveMap A.P.E.S Portal] | [http://apesportal.eva.mpg.de/database/archiveMap A.P.E.S Portal] | ||
− | |||
− | |||
− | |||
= References = | = References = | ||
− | + | Rainey, H. J., Iyenguet, F. C., Malanda, G.-A. F., Madzoké, B., Santos, D. D., Stokes, E. J., Maisels, F., & Strindberg, S. (2010). Survey of Raphia swamp forest, Republic of Congo, indicates high densities of Critically Endangered western lowland gorillas Gorilla gorilla gorilla. Oryx, 44(01), 124. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003060530999010X <br> | |
<br> | <br> | ||
− | '''Page completed by:''' | + | '''Page completed by: '''A.P.E.S. Wiki team''' Date:''' 29/12/2020 <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" --> |
− | |||
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Revision as of 17:30, 29 December 2020
Central Africa > Republic of the Congo > Lac Télé Community Reserve
Summary
- Central chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) & Western lowland gorillas (Gorilla gorilla gorilla) are present in Lac Télé Community Reserve.
- It has been estimated that 7,647 (4,044–12,183) gorillas and chimpanzees occur in the site.
- The population trends are unknown.
- The site has a total size of 4,400 km².
- Key threats to great apes are hunting and logging.
- Conservation activities have focused on monitoring with SMART, anti-poaching patrols, and providing alternative forms of income to reduce the bushmeat trade.
Site characteristics
Lac Télé Community Reserve is located in the northeastern Republic of the Congo. Consisting of 70% wetland, Lac Télé Community Reserve is one of the world's largest swamp-forest (WCS). The site is located between the Sangha and Oubangui rivers, which seasonally flood the forest, grassland, and floating prairies, and pump water into the lakes, ponds and rivers found at the site. In the centre of the reserve lies an area of firm land, which is an important habitat for gorillas (WCS). The reserve supports one of the densest populations of western lowland gorillas, and it is also home to chimpanzees, elephants, buffaloes, duikers, and hippopotamuses (Ramsar). The reserve was designated a Ramsar site in 1998. In 2017, the Lac Tumba Transboundary Ramsar Site was established, which includes Lac Télé and Grands Affluents in Congo, as well as Ngiri-Tumba-Maindombe in the Democratic Republic of Congo (Ramsar). The reserve is owned by the local communities; approximately 20,000 people in the reserve (WCS; Ramsar). These communities heavily depend on the reserve's natural resources for fish, agriculture, construction materials canoes, and medicines (WCS; Ramsar).
Table 1. Basic site information for Lac Télé Community Reserve
Area | 4,400 km² |
Coordinates | 1.316971 N, 17.223215 E |
Designation | Community Reserve |
Habitat types | Subtropical/tropical swamp forest, Wetlands (inland) – Bogs, marshes, swamps, fens, peatlands |
IUCN habitat categories Site designations
Ape status
Table 2. Ape population estimates in Lac Télé Community Reserve
Species | Year | Abundance estimate (95% CI) | Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI) | Encounter rate (nests/km) | Area | Method | Source | Comments | A.P.E.S. database ID |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gorilla gorilla gorilla | 2007 | 5,402 (2,778–10,486) | 1,029 km2 of the south-eastern Reserve periphery including Raphia swamp forests | Line transects (Distance) | Rainey et al. 2010 | ||||
Pan troglodytes troglodytes & Gorilla gorilla gorilla | 2007 | 7,647 (4,044–12,183) | 1,029 km2 of the south-eastern Reserve periphery including Raphia swamp forests | Line transects (Distance) | Rainey et al. 2010 |
Threats
Table 3. Threats to apes in Lac Télé Community Reserve
Category | Specific threats | Threat level | Quantified severity | Description | Year of threat |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
1. Residential & commercial development | Unknown | ||||
2. Agriculture & aquaculture | Unknown | ||||
3. Energy production & mining | Unknown | ||||
4. Transportation & service corridors | Unknown | ||||
5. Biological resource use | 5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals | Present, but threat severity is unknown | Mammal species hunted for commercial bushmeat markets, not only locally, but also in urban areas further away, e.g., in Kinshasa (WCS). | Ongoing | |
5. Biological resource use | 5.3 Logging & wood harvesting | Low | Deforestation concentrated along the rivers and in terra firma forests. Trees are logged mainly for firewood collection and slash-and-burn agriculture. Although at the moment is it small-scale, the threat is expected to increase as road networks expand in the area (WCS). | Ongoing | |
6. Human intrusion & disturbance | Absent | ||||
7. Natural system modifications | Absent | ||||
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases | Unknown | ||||
9. Pollution | Unknown | ||||
10. Geological Events | Absent | ||||
11. Climate change & severe weather | Unknown | ||||
12. Other options | Absent |
Conservation activities
The reserve is managed by the Ministry of Forest Economy (MEF) in partnership with WCS Congo.
Table 4. Conservation activities in Lac Télé Community Reserve
Category | Specific activity | Description | Year of activity |
---|---|---|---|
1. Residential & commercial development | Not reported | ||
2. Agriculture & aquaculture | Not reported | ||
3. Energy production & mining | Not reported | ||
4. Transportation & service corridors | Not reported | ||
5. Biological resource use | 5.11. Provide training to anti-poaching ranger patrols | WCS Congo, together with the Government of Congo, are recruiting and training rangers to patrol and protect the landscape and its wildlife (WCS). | Ongoing |
5.15. Implement monitoring surveillance strategies (e.g. SMART) or use monitoring data to improve effectiveness of wildlife law enforcement patrols | Provide rangers with training on the Spatial Monitoring and Reporting Tool (SMART)(WCS). | Ongoing | |
6. Human intrusion & disturbance | Not reported | ||
7. Natural system modifications | Not reported | ||
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases | Not reported | ||
9. Pollution | Not reported | ||
10. Education & Awareness | Not reported | ||
11. Habitat Protection | Not reported | ||
12. Species Management | Not reported | ||
13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives | 13.2. Provide non-monetary benefits to local communities for sustainably managing their forest and its wildlife (e.g. better education, infrastructure development) | Providing alternative forms of income (to reduce bushmeat trade) by developing and implementing a cocoa conservation management program; sustainable fisheries and commerce of dried fish; and a micro-credit program (WCS). | Ongoing |
Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)
Challenges
Table 5. Challenges reported for Lac Télé Community Reserve
Challenge | Source |
---|---|
Not reported |
Research activities
Documented behaviours
Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Lac Télé Community Reserve
Behavior | Source |
---|---|
Not reported |
External links
WCS Lac Télé Community Reserve
Ramsar Lac Télé/Likouala-aux-herbes
Relevant datasets
References
Rainey, H. J., Iyenguet, F. C., Malanda, G.-A. F., Madzoké, B., Santos, D. D., Stokes, E. J., Maisels, F., & Strindberg, S. (2010). Survey of Raphia swamp forest, Republic of Congo, indicates high densities of Critically Endangered western lowland gorillas Gorilla gorilla gorilla. Oryx, 44(01), 124. https://doi.org/10.1017/S003060530999010X
Page completed by: A.P.E.S. Wiki team Date: 29/12/2020