Difference between revisions of "Bia Shelter Belt Forest Reserve"

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   3) To make information comparable across wiki pages, keywords must be taken from the list of permitted words, or added to the list of permitted keywords. This is why we use official lists, e.g., IUCN classification lists, in our tables.
 
   3) To make information comparable across wiki pages, keywords must be taken from the list of permitted words, or added to the list of permitted keywords. This is why we use official lists, e.g., IUCN classification lists, in our tables.
 
-->
 
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[[West Africa]] > [[Ghana]] > [[Bia Shelter Belt Forest Reserve]]
+
[[West Africa]] > [[Ghana]] > [[Ankasa Conservation Area]]
  
 
= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with one sentence for each section. May include a site map -->
 
= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with one sentence for each section. May include a site map -->
 
<div style="float: right">
 
<div style="float: right">
 
{{#display_map: height=200px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap
 
{{#display_map: height=200px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap
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|7.050600, -2.695950 ~[[Bia Shelter Belt Forest Reserve]]~Western Chimpanzee
+
|5.252710, -2.583665~[[Ankasa Conservation Area]]~Western Chimpanzee
 
}}
 
}}
 
</div>
 
</div>
−
* Western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus'') are present in Bia Shelter Belt Forest Reserve.
+
* Western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus'') may be present in Ankasa Conservation Area.
−
* The population size is unknown.
+
* Chimpanzees have not been documented in the area since 2016.
−
* The chimpanzee population trend is unknown.
+
* The chimpanzee population trend is unknown; possibly absent.
−
* The site has a total size of XXXX km².
+
* The site has a total size of 509 km².
−
* Key threats to chimpanzees are poaching and logging.
+
* Key threats to chimpanzees are agricultural encroachment and hunting.
−
* Conservation activities have focused on education and patrols.
+
* Conservation activities have focused on education, patrolling, and preventing further degradation from farming activities.
  
 
= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->
 
= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->
  
−
Bia Shelter Belt Forest Reserve is a Tropical Semi-Deciduous Forest. It is home to pangolins, duikers, and monkeys, among other species. The area also has a good forest but exploitation of the Forest and other activities are reducing the status of the forest cover (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
+
Ankasa Conservation Area (National Park and Resource Reserve) is located in the South Western part of Ghana, borderingIvory Coast. The Park is one of the few remnants of undisturbed Tropical Rainforest in Ghana. It was created in 1976. The site is very rich in biodiversity including forest elephants, bongos, leopards, olive colobus, black and white colobus, mangabey and other monkeys, yellow backed duikers and other duikers, pangolins, over 200 species of birds recorded, over 600 species of butterflies etc. The area is one of the known World Bird Areas and a Key Biodiversity Area (Ofori-Amanfo, R. pers. comm. 2023).
  
−
'''Table 1. Basic site information for Bia Shelter Belt Forest Reserve'''
+
'''Table 1. Basic site information for Ankasa Conservation Area'''
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"
 
| Area <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha -->
 
| Area <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha -->
−
| km²
+
|509 km²
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Coordinates
 
|Coordinates
−
|7.050600, -2.695950
+
|5.252710, -2.583665
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Designation
 
|Designation
−
|Forest Reserve
+
|Conservation Area and Resource Reserve
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Habitat types <!-- List IUCN Habitat Classification 3.0 categories present (without number), see link below -->
 
|Habitat types <!-- List IUCN Habitat Classification 3.0 categories present (without number), see link below -->
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= Ape status = <!--An overview of ape population status (population sizes, trends, etc.), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->
 
= Ape status = <!--An overview of ape population status (population sizes, trends, etc.), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->
  
−
No recent survey has been conducted at the area but some farmers and hunters within the area claimed they have been spotting chimpanzees periodically in the Bia Shelter Belt Forest Reserve (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
+
Chimpanzees have not been documented in the area since 2016.
  
−
'''Table 2. Ape population estimates in Bia Shelter Belt Forest Reserve'''
+
'''Table 2. Ape population estimates in Ankasa Conservation Area'''
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"
 
! Species
 
! Species
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|-
 
|-
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 +
|2016
 +
|0
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 +
|Ankasa Conservation Area
 
|
 
|
−
|
+
|Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2016
−
|Bia Shelter Belt FR
 
−
|
 
−
|
 
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
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= Threats =    <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats -->
 
= Threats =    <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats -->
  
−
In the past, around the 1990s, threats were not very serious, but the threats to the forest are now increasing along with the human population increase, which leads to the higher demand for resources (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
+
There are poaching camps, which the park’s staff has encountered, as well as temporary farm houses in encroached areas, but efforts are being made to clear all these in the park (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
  
−
'''Table 3. Threats to apes in Bia Shelter Belt Forest Reserve'''
+
'''Table 3. Threats to apes in Ankasa Conservation Area'''
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"
 
!align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE THREAT CATEGORIES -->
 
!align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE THREAT CATEGORIES -->
Line 92: Line 92:
 
|-
 
|-
 
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
 
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
−
|
+
|2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops
−
|Unknown
+
|Medium
−
|
+
|About 50 ha of farmland within the site (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
−
|
+
|The community members are predominantly farmers, embarking on cocoa and rubber plantations affecting the surroundings of the park and the entire landscape (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
−
|
+
|Ongoing (2023)
 
|-
 
|-
 
|3. Energy production & mining
 
|3. Energy production & mining
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|5. Biological resource use
 
|5. Biological resource use
 
|5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals
 
|5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals
−
|Medium
+
|Low
−
|
 
−
|Farmers and hunters get most of their livelihood from the Forest Reserve (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
 
−
|Ongoing (2023)
 
−
|-
 
−
|
 
−
|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
 
−
|Medium
 
 
|
 
|
−
|The area is under timber concession and some illegal logging and collection of forest products are also taking place (since 1980s but intensified from 2005 up to date) (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
+
|Communities surrounding the Park (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
−
|Ongoing (2023)
+
|2016 - 2020
 
|-
 
|-
 
|6. Human intrusion & disturbance
 
|6. Human intrusion & disturbance
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|-
 
|-
 
|7. Natural system modifications
 
|7. Natural system modifications
−
|7.1 Fire & fire suppression
 
−
|Low
 
 
|
 
|
−
|Sometimes the forest catches fire and destroys part of the forest, which changes the structure of the forest (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
+
|Unknown
−
|Sporadic
+
|
 +
|
 +
|
 
|-
 
|-
 
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
 
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
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= Conservation activities =      <!-- A summary of the conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->
 
= Conservation activities =      <!-- A summary of the conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->
  
−
Forestry Commission staff undertake patrols within the forest and carry out conservation education in the communities on the best conservation practices (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
+
The Wildlife Division of Forestry Commission is the main organization that protects the Ankasa Conservation Area. Forest Research Institute and some Universities in the country carry out research in the Park and give some recommendations regarding management of some of the species and information on some species in the Park for conservation and management purposes.  
  
−
'''Table 4. Conservation activities in Bia Shelter Belt Forest Reserve'''
+
'''Table 4. Conservation activities in Ankasa Conservation Area'''
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"
 
!align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE CATEGORIES -->
 
!align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE CATEGORIES -->
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|-
 
|-
 
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
 
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
−
|Not reported
+
|2.8. Prohibit (livestock) farmers from entering protected areas
−
|
+
|Farmers and all unauthorised people are not allowed to enter into the reserve by intensive patrols within the area (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
 +
|Ongoing (2023)
 +
|-
 
|
 
|
 +
|2.11. Farm more intensively and effectively in selected areas and spare more natural land
 +
|Old cocoa and rubber farms are being cleared (since 2016) to plant new hybrid to yield more products to increase farmers income rather than clearing more land for cultivation (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
 +
|Ongoing (2023)
 
|-
 
|-
 
|3. Energy production & mining
 
|3. Energy production & mining
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|5. Biological resource use
 
|5. Biological resource use
 
|5.6. Conduct regular anti-poaching patrols
 
|5.6. Conduct regular anti-poaching patrols
−
|Periodic patrols are carried out by Forestry Commission staff (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
+
|Field staff undertake day patrols, over night patrols and long/sleeping patrols in the Park to control poaching and for field data collection (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
 +
|Ongoing (2023)
 +
|-
 +
|
 +
|5.11. Provide training to anti-poaching ranger patrols
 +
|Staff are trained in, how take field data on animals and how to manage the animal species causing human animals conflict and others (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
 
|Ongoing (2023)
 
|Ongoing (2023)
 
|-
 
|-
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|10. Education & Awareness  
 
|10. Education & Awareness  
 
|10.1. Educate local communities about primates and sustainable use  
 
|10.1. Educate local communities about primates and sustainable use  
−
|Conservation education is carried out by Wildlife staff (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
+
|Local communities are educated on the need to conserve the resources in the Park since the 1990s (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
 
|Ongoing (2023)
 
|Ongoing (2023)
 
|-
 
|-
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= Challenges to conservation = <!-- Overview of challenges in ape conservation -->
 
= Challenges to conservation = <!-- Overview of challenges in ape conservation -->
  
−
Restrictions into Forest Reserves are not the same as for National Parks and Resource reserves; as a result, illegal offtake control has not been so effective and the increase of population and demand for resources for their livelihood has made effective conservation difficult (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
+
Inadequate equipment and financial resources make protection of the Park difficult. The communities’ expectation is very high; that serves as disincentive to them no matter the efforts put in to support them (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).
  
−
'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Bia Shelter Belt Forest Reserve'''
+
'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Ankasa Conservation Area'''
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="challenges-table"
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="challenges-table"
 
!align="left"|Challenge <!-- Do not change categories -->
 
!align="left"|Challenge <!-- Do not change categories -->
 
!Source <!-- Source for challenge mentioned -->
 
!Source <!-- Source for challenge mentioned -->
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Lack of human resources
+
|Lack of financial means
 
|Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023
 
|Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Lack of law enforcement
+
|Lack of logistical means
−
|Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023
+
|Wildlife Division and PADP II, 2010
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Lack of trust and support from local communities
+
|Lack of human resources
−
|Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023
+
|Wildlife Division and PADP II, 2010
 
|-
 
|-
−
|Lack of logistical means
+
|Lack of trust and support from local communities
−
|Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023
+
|Wildlife Division and PADP II, 2010
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
  
 
= Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities -->
 
= Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities -->
−
 
−
Periodic research by the Forestry Commission, NGOs and others take place in the Forest Reserve.
 
  
 
===Documented behaviours===  <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->
 
===Documented behaviours===  <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->
  
−
'''Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Bia Shelter Belt Forest Reserve'''
+
'''Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Ankasa Conservation Area'''
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"
 
!align="left"|Behavior
 
!align="left"|Behavior
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= References =
 
= References =
 +
Wildlife Division and PADP II (2010) Ankasa Conservation Area, Management Plan, Ankasa Conservation Area Quarterly reports (Unpublished)  <br>
  
 
<br>
 
<br>
−
'''Page completed by: '''Richard Ofori-Amanfo''' Date:''' 07/08/2023 <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->
+
'''Page completed by: '''Richard Ofori-Amanfo''' Date:''' 14/08/2023 <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->

Revision as of 05:14, 14 August 2023

West Africa > Ghana > Ankasa Conservation Area

Summary

Loading map...
  • Western chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes verus) may be present in Ankasa Conservation Area.
  • Chimpanzees have not been documented in the area since 2016.
  • The chimpanzee population trend is unknown; possibly absent.
  • The site has a total size of 509 km².
  • Key threats to chimpanzees are agricultural encroachment and hunting.
  • Conservation activities have focused on education, patrolling, and preventing further degradation from farming activities.

Site characteristics

Ankasa Conservation Area (National Park and Resource Reserve) is located in the South Western part of Ghana, borderingIvory Coast. The Park is one of the few remnants of undisturbed Tropical Rainforest in Ghana. It was created in 1976. The site is very rich in biodiversity including forest elephants, bongos, leopards, olive colobus, black and white colobus, mangabey and other monkeys, yellow backed duikers and other duikers, pangolins, over 200 species of birds recorded, over 600 species of butterflies etc. The area is one of the known World Bird Areas and a Key Biodiversity Area (Ofori-Amanfo, R. pers. comm. 2023).

Table 1. Basic site information for Ankasa Conservation Area

Area 509 km²
Coordinates 5.252710, -2.583665
Designation Conservation Area and Resource Reserve
Habitat types Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland Forest

IUCN habitat categories Site designations

Ape status

Chimpanzees have not been documented in the area since 2016.

Table 2. Ape population estimates in Ankasa Conservation Area

Species Year Abundance estimate (95% CI) Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI) Encounter rate (nests/km) Area Method Source Comments A.P.E.S. database ID
Pan troglodytes verus 2016 0 Ankasa Conservation Area Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2016

Threats

There are poaching camps, which the park’s staff has encountered, as well as temporary farm houses in encroached areas, but efforts are being made to clear all these in the park (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).

Table 3. Threats to apes in Ankasa Conservation Area

Category Specific threats Threat level Quantified severity Description Year of threat
1. Residential & commercial development Unknown
2. Agriculture & aquaculture 2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops Medium About 50 ha of farmland within the site (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023). The community members are predominantly farmers, embarking on cocoa and rubber plantations affecting the surroundings of the park and the entire landscape (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023). Ongoing (2023)
3. Energy production & mining Unknown
4. Transportation & service corridors Unknown
5. Biological resource use 5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals Low Communities surrounding the Park (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023). 2016 - 2020
6. Human intrusion & disturbance Unknown
7. Natural system modifications Unknown
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases Unknown
9. Pollution Unknown
10. Geological Events Absent
11. Climate change & severe weather Unknown
12. Other options Absent

IUCN Threats list

Conservation activities

The Wildlife Division of Forestry Commission is the main organization that protects the Ankasa Conservation Area. Forest Research Institute and some Universities in the country carry out research in the Park and give some recommendations regarding management of some of the species and information on some species in the Park for conservation and management purposes.

Table 4. Conservation activities in Ankasa Conservation Area

Category Specific activity Description Year of activity
1. Residential & commercial development Not reported
2. Agriculture & aquaculture 2.8. Prohibit (livestock) farmers from entering protected areas Farmers and all unauthorised people are not allowed to enter into the reserve by intensive patrols within the area (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023). Ongoing (2023)
2.11. Farm more intensively and effectively in selected areas and spare more natural land Old cocoa and rubber farms are being cleared (since 2016) to plant new hybrid to yield more products to increase farmers income rather than clearing more land for cultivation (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023). Ongoing (2023)
3. Energy production & mining Not reported
4. Transportation & service corridors Not reported
5. Biological resource use 5.6. Conduct regular anti-poaching patrols Field staff undertake day patrols, over night patrols and long/sleeping patrols in the Park to control poaching and for field data collection (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023). Ongoing (2023)
5.11. Provide training to anti-poaching ranger patrols Staff are trained in, how take field data on animals and how to manage the animal species causing human animals conflict and others (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023). Ongoing (2023)
6. Human intrusion & disturbance Not reported
7. Natural system modifications Not reported
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases Not reported
9. Pollution Not reported
10. Education & Awareness 10.1. Educate local communities about primates and sustainable use Local communities are educated on the need to conserve the resources in the Park since the 1990s (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023). Ongoing (2023)
11. Habitat Protection Not reported
12. Species Management Not reported
13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives Not reported

Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)

Challenges to conservation

Inadequate equipment and financial resources make protection of the Park difficult. The communities’ expectation is very high; that serves as disincentive to them no matter the efforts put in to support them (Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023).

Table 5. Challenges reported for Ankasa Conservation Area

Challenge Source
Lack of financial means Ofori-Amanfo pers. obs. 2023
Lack of logistical means Wildlife Division and PADP II, 2010
Lack of human resources Wildlife Division and PADP II, 2010
Lack of trust and support from local communities Wildlife Division and PADP II, 2010

Research activities

Documented behaviours

Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Ankasa Conservation Area

Behavior Source
Not reported

External links

Ghana Forestry Commission

References

Wildlife Division and PADP II (2010) Ankasa Conservation Area, Management Plan, Ankasa Conservation Area Quarterly reports (Unpublished)


Page completed by: Richard Ofori-Amanfo Date: 14/08/2023

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