Owo Forest Reserve

West Africa >Nigeria > Owo Forest Reserve

Summary

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• Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes ellioti) may be present in Owo Forest Reserve.
• The population size is unknown.
• The population trend is decreasing.
• The site has a total size of 242 km².
• Key threats to chimpanzees are clearing land for agriculture and plantations.
• Conservation activities are not documented.

Site characteristics

The reserve is located in the state of Ondo, Nigeria.

Table 1. Basic site information for Owo Forest Reserve

Area	242 km²
Coordinates	6.96879,5.5626
Designation	Forest Reserve
Habitat types	Plantations, subtropical/tropical heavily degraded forest

IUCN habitat categories Site designations

Ape status

The site was superficially surveyed in 2006. Two nests were observed in Owo Forest Reserve in 1997, but it remains unconfirmed whether or not chimpanzees still survive here- a more extensive survey is needed to confirm chimpanzee occurrence (Greengrass 2006).

Table 2. Ape population estimates in Owo Forest Reserve

Species	Year	Abundance estimate (95% CI)	Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)	Encounter rate (nests/km)	Area	Method	Source	Comments	A.P.E.S. database ID
Pan troglodytes ellioti	2006			0	Owo Forest Reserve	Index survey (reconnaissance walk)	Greengrass 2006

Threats

Table 3. Threats to apes in Owo Forest Reserve

Category	Specific threats	Threat level	Quantified severity	Description	Year of threat
1. Residential & commercial development		Unknown
2. Agriculture & aquaculture	2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops	High		Land clearing for farmland (Greengrass 2006).	Ongoing (2006)
	2.2 Wood & pulp plantations	High		Extensive teak and gmelina plantations (Greengrass 2006).	Ongoing (2006)
3. Energy production & mining		Unknown
4. Transportation & service corridors		Unknown
5. Biological resource use		Unknown
6. Human intrusion & disturbance		Unknown
7. Natural system modifications	7.1 Fire & fire suppression	Present but threat severity unknown		Clearing land with fires, leading to high fragmentation of the forest (Greengrass 2006).	Ongoing (2006)
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases		Unknown
9. Pollution		Unknown
10. Geological Events		Absent
11. Climate change & severe weather		Unknown
12. Other options		Absent

IUCN Threats list

Conservation activities

Table 4. Conservation activities in Owo Forest Reserve

Category	Specific activity	Description	Year of activity
1. Residential & commercial development	Not reported
2. Agriculture & aquaculture	Not reported
3. Energy production & mining	Not reported
4. Transportation & service corridors	Not reported
5. Biological resource use	Not reported
6. Human intrusion & disturbance	Not reported
7. Natural system modifications	Not reported
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases	Not reported
9. Pollution	Not reported
10. Education & Awareness	Not reported
11. Habitat Protection	Not reported
12. Species Management	Not reported
13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives	Not reported

Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)

Challenges

Table 5. Challenges reported for Owo Forest Reserve

Challenge	Source
Not reported

Research activities

Documented behaviours

Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Owo Forest Reserve

Behavior	Source
Not reported

References

Greengrass, E.J. (2006). A survey of chimpanzees in south-west Nigeria. Report to the NCF-WCS Biodiversity Research Programme.

Page completed by: A.P.E.S. Wiki team Date: 17/03/2023