Sop Cop Nature Reserve

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Summary

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• Northern white-cheeked gibbons (Nomascus leucogenys) are present in Sop Cop Nature Reserve.
• Gibbons are absent in the reserve.
• The gibbon population trend is unknown.
• The site has a total size of 187 km².
• Key threats to gibbons are hunting, logging, and agricultural expansion.
• Conservation activities are not documented.

Site characteristics

Table 1. Basic site information for Sop Cop Nature Reserve

Area	187 km²
Coordinates	20.977205, 103.657088
Designation	Nature Reserve
Habitat types	Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest

IUCN habitat categories Site designations

Ape status

In 2011, a group of five individuals was seen in a forest patch of about 300 ha in Sai Khao Village, Muong Cai Commune. However, no gibbons were detected in the nature reserve itself (Rawson et al. 2011). Based on a large mammal survey conducted later in 2011, the population of gibbons in the reserve is now extirpated, but one group of 3-4 individuals was recorded in the buffer zone. Local reports of gibbons had been documented in previous wildlife surveys in the 90s (Rawson et al. 2011).

Table 2. Ape population estimates in Sop Cop Nature Reserve

Species	Year	Total number indiv. (95% CI)	Total number groups (95% CI)	Density ​​[groups/km²​] (95% CI)	Area	Method	Source	Comments	A.P.E.S. database ID
Nomascus leucogenys	2011			0	Sop Cop Nature Reserve	Unknown	Nguyen Manh Ha pers. comm as cited by Rawson et al. 2011	A group of five individuals seen in a forest nearby.

Threats

The main threats to gibbons and other wildlife in the reserve are hunting, logging, and forest loss due to the expansion of agricultural land; forest fires from human encroachment also occur annually (Rawson et al. 2011).

Table 3. Threats to apes in Sop Cop Nature Reserve

Category	Specific threats	Threat level	Quantified severity	Description	Year of threat
1. Residential & commercial development		Unknown
2. Agriculture & aquaculture	2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops	High		Habitat encroachment as a result of agricultural activities (Rawson et al. 2011).	Ongoing (2011)
3. Energy production & mining		Unknown
4. Transportation & service corridors		Unknown
5. Biological resource use	5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals	High		Hunting is common in the reserve (Rawson et al. 2011).	Ongoing (2011)
	5.3 Logging & wood harvesting	High		As of 2011, due to logging and other human activities, the forest area has diminished to approximately 4,000 ha and is increasingly isolated from surrounding forests, including those in Laos (Rawson et al. 2011).	Ongoing (2011)
6. Human intrusion & disturbance		Unknown
7. Natural system modifications	7.1 Fire & fire suppression	High		Forest fires from land encroachment occur annually (Rawson et al. 2011).	Ongoing (2011)
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases		Unknown
9. Pollution		Unknown
10. Geological Events		Absent
11. Climate change & severe weather		Unknown
12. Other options		Absent

IUCN Threats list

Conservation activities

Table 4. Conservation activities in Sop Cop Nature Reserve

Category	Specific activity	Description	Year of activity
1. Residential & commercial development	Not reported
2. Agriculture & aquaculture	Not reported
3. Energy production & mining	Not reported
4. Transportation & service corridors	Not reported
5. Biological resource use	Not reported
6. Human intrusion & disturbance	Not reported
7. Natural system modifications	Not reported
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases	Not reported
9. Pollution	Not reported
10. Education & Awareness	Not reported
11. Habitat Protection	Not reported
12. Species Management	Not reported
13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives	Not reported

Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)

Challenges

Table 5. Challenges reported for Sop Cop Nature Reserve

Challenge	Source
Not reported

Research activities

Documented behaviours

Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Sop Cop Nature Reserve

Behavior	Source
Not reported

References

Rawson, B. M, Insua-Cao, P., Nguyen Manh Ha, Van Ngoc Thinh, Hoang Minh Duc, Mahood, S., Geissmann, T. and Roos, C. (2011). The Conservation Status of Gibbons in Vietnam. Fauna & Flora International/Conservation International, Hanoi, Vietnam.

Page completed by: A.P.E.S. Wiki team Date: 04/05/2022