Ohosu Forest Reserve

West Africa > Nigeria > Ohosu Forest Reserve

Summary

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• Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes ellioti) are likely absent in Ohosu Forest Reserve.
• The population size is unknown.
• The chimpanzee population trend is decreasing (likely extinct).
• The site has a total size of 471 km².
• Key threats to chimpanzees are habitat degradation due to logging and farming.
• Conservation activities are not documented.

Site characteristics

Ohosu Forest Reserve is located in Edo State, bordering both Akure-Ofosu and Idanre Forest Reserves in Ondo State. The Lagos-Benin expressway lies close to its southern border (Greengrass 2006).

Table 1. Basic site information for Ohosu Forest Reserve

Area	471 km²
Coordinates
Designation	Forest Reserve
Habitat types	subtropical/tropical heavily degraded forest, subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest

IUCN habitat categories Site designations

Ape status

Based on a 2006 survey, it is likely that chimpanzees have gone extinct in the reserve. Local people reported that large-scale logging activity in the reserve caused chimpanzees to migrate north into Ondo state. One man reported not seeing chimpanzees since the early 90s (Greengrass 2006).

Table 2. Ape population estimates in Ohosu Forest Reserve

Species	Year	Abundance estimate (95% CI)	Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)	Encounter rate (nests/km)	Area	Method	Source	Comments	A.P.E.S. database ID
Pan troglodytes ellioti	2006			0	Ohosu Forest Reserve	Index survey (reconnaissance walk)	Greengrass 2006

Threats

Timber exploitation was intense in this reserve, and there have also been many illegal farm settlements in the site.

Table 3. Threats to apes in Ohosu Forest Reserve

Category	Specific threats	Threat level	Quantified severity	Description	Year of threat
1. Residential & commercial development		Unknown
2. Agriculture & aquaculture	2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops	High		Illegal farming in the reserve (Greengrass 2006).	Ongoing (2006)
3. Energy production & mining		Unknown
4. Transportation & service corridors		Unknown
5. Biological resource use	5.3 Logging & wood harvesting	High		Timber exploitation that was reported as early as 1982 (Greengrass 2006).	Ongoing (2006)
6. Human intrusion & disturbance		Unknown
7. Natural system modifications		Unknown
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases		Unknown
9. Pollution		Unknown
10. Geological Events		Absent
11. Climate change & severe weather		Unknown
12. Other options		Absent

IUCN Threats list

Conservation activities

Table 4. Conservation activities in Ohosu Forest Reserve

Category	Specific activity	Description	Year of activity
1. Residential & commercial development	Not reported
2. Agriculture & aquaculture	Not reported
3. Energy production & mining	Not reported
4. Transportation & service corridors	Not reported
5. Biological resource use	Not reported
6. Human intrusion & disturbance	Not reported
7. Natural system modifications	Not reported
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases	Not reported
9. Pollution	Not reported
10. Education & Awareness	Not reported
11. Habitat Protection	Not reported
12. Species Management	Not reported
13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives	Not reported

Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)

Challenges

Table 5. Challenges reported for Ohosu Forest Reserve

Challenge	Source
Not reported

Research activities

Documented behaviours

Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Ohosu Forest Reserve

Behavior	Source
Not reported

References

Greengrass, E.J. (2006). A survey of chimpanzees in south-west Nigeria. Report to the NCF-WCS Biodiversity Research Programme.

Page completed by: A.P.E.S. Wiki team Date: 13/03/2023