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[[West Africa]] > [[Sierra Leone]] > [[Kambui Hills Forest Reserve]]

[[West Africa]] > [[Sierra Leone]] > [[Kambui Hills Forest Reserve]]

= Summary =  <!-- An overview of the site, with a one sentence overview of each of the following sections. can include a site map -->

= Summary =  <!-- An overview of the site, with a one sentence overview of each of the following sections. can include a site map -->

 

* Western chimpanzees ([https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15935/17989872 ''Pan troglodytes verus'']) are present in Kambui Hills Forest Reserve.  

* Western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus'') are present in Kambui Hills Forest Reserve.  

* The chimpanzee population size is unknown.  

* The chimpanzee population size is unknown.  

* The chimpanzee population trend is unknown.  

* The chimpanzee population trend is unknown.  

Located in southeastern Sierra Leone, the site forms part of the Upper Guinea forest ecosystem (Brncic et al. 2010). The [http://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/kambui-hills-forest-reserve-iba-sierra-leone site] consist of two blocks, Kambui North (20,348 ha), and Kambui South (880 ha, BirdLife International 2019). The two sections are divided by a main road leading to the town of Kenema. The site is a catchment area for reservoirs that supply water to Kenema and nearby communities (Brncic et al. 2010). The Kambui Hills Forest Reserve is an Important Bird Area ([http://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/kambui-hills-forest-reserve-iba-sierra-leone IBA]; BirdLife International 2019), and in addition to the high diversity of bird species, other species found at the site include Diana monkey (''Cercopithecus diana''), western black-and-white colobus monkey, forest elephant (''Loxodonta cyclotis''), and Jentink’s duiker (''Cephalophus jentinki'', BirdLife International 2019). The vegetation mostly consists of mature secondary moist forest, with semi-deciduous forest on the slopes (BirdLife International 2019).

Located in southeastern Sierra Leone, the site forms part of the Upper Guinea forest ecosystem (Brncic et al. 2010). The [http://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/kambui-hills-forest-reserve-iba-sierra-leone site] consist of two blocks, Kambui North (20,348 ha), and Kambui South (880 ha, BirdLife International 2019). The two sections are divided by a main road leading to the town of Kenema. The site is a catchment area for reservoirs that supply water to Kenema and nearby communities (Brncic et al. 2010). The Kambui Hills Forest Reserve is an Important Bird Area ([http://datazone.birdlife.org/site/factsheet/kambui-hills-forest-reserve-iba-sierra-leone IBA]; BirdLife International 2019), and in addition to the high diversity of bird species, other species found at the site include Diana monkey (''Cercopithecus diana''), western black-and-white colobus monkey, forest elephant (''Loxodonta cyclotis''), and Jentink’s duiker (''Cephalophus jentinki'', BirdLife International 2019). The vegetation mostly consists of mature secondary moist forest, with semi-deciduous forest on the slopes (BirdLife International 2019).

 

'''Table 1. Basic site information for Kambui Hills Forest Reserve'''

'''Table 1: Basic site information for Kambui Hills Forest Reserve'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"

|Area            <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha    -->

|Area            <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha    -->

|-

|-

|Coordinates

|Coordinates

|7.78 N, 11.34 W

|7.78, -11.34

|-

|-

|Designation      <!-- National Park, Nature Reserve, etc.  -->

|Designation      <!-- National Park, Nature Reserve, etc.  -->

|Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland Forest, Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane Forest, Arable Land

|Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland Forest, Subtropical/Tropical Moist Montane Forest, Arable Land

|}

|}

[http://www.unitar.org/hiroshima/sites/unitar.org.hiroshima/files/Annex%201%20-%20IUCN%20Classification%20Schemes.pdf IUCN habitat categories]  [[Site designations]]

[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/habitat-classification-scheme IUCN habitat categories]  [[Site designations]]

= Ape status =  <!-- a text overview of ape status (population sizes, trends etc), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->

= Ape status =  <!-- a text overview of ape status (population sizes, trends etc), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->

The chimpanzee population size is unknown. Based on the most recent survey of the area (Brncic et al. 2010), there might not be a substantial population within the reserve, which may only be used seasonally by chimpanzees. Chimpanzee nests and signs were found between Kambui North and Kambui South during a survey of the area (Brncic et al. 2010). It is likely that high logging and hunting pressure in the areas have greatly reduced the population (Brncic et al 2010).

The chimpanzee population size is unknown. Based on the most recent survey of the area (Brncic et al. 2010), there might not be a substantial population within the reserve, which may only be used seasonally by chimpanzees. Chimpanzee nests and signs were found between Kambui North and Kambui South during a survey of the area (Brncic et al. 2010). It is likely that high logging and hunting pressure in the areas have greatly reduced the population (Brncic et al 2010).

 

'''Table 2. Great ape population estimates in Kambui Hills Forest Reserve'''

'''Table 2: Great ape population estimates in Kambui Hills Forest Reserve'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"

! Species

! Species

! Year

! Year

! Abundance estimate (95% confidence interval)

! Abundance estimate (95% CI)

! Density estimate (per km²)

! Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)

! Encounter rate (nests/km)

! Encounter rate (nests/km)

! Area

! Area

Signs of human activity are very high in the reserve, particularly in Kambui North. In fact, the encounter rate of human signs (logging, snares, gun shells, footpaths) during a survey of the area was 7.35 signs per km, with logging having the greatest impact at the site (Brncic et al. 2010).

Signs of human activity are very high in the reserve, particularly in Kambui North. In fact, the encounter rate of human signs (logging, snares, gun shells, footpaths) during a survey of the area was 7.35 signs per km, with logging having the greatest impact at the site (Brncic et al. 2010).

 

'''Table 3. Threats to great apes in Kambui Hills Forest Reserve'''

'''Table 3: Threats to great apes in Kambui Hills Forest Reserve'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"

!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->

!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->

The management of conservation efforts at the site is largely unknown. The site is in great need for increased protection efforts and rehabilitation (Brncic et al. 2010). Currently, there is one [http://www.birdlife.org/worldwide/news/kambui-hills-forest-reserve-run-whole-community project] aiming to develop community-based forest management at the reserve, which is funded by the Aage V. Jensen Charity Foundation (BirdLife International 2018).

The management of conservation efforts at the site is largely unknown. The site is in great need for increased protection efforts and rehabilitation (Brncic et al. 2010). Currently, there is one [http://www.birdlife.org/worldwide/news/kambui-hills-forest-reserve-run-whole-community project] aiming to develop community-based forest management at the reserve, which is funded by the Aage V. Jensen Charity Foundation (BirdLife International 2018).

 

'''Table 4. Conservation activities in Kambui Hills Forest Reserve'''

'''Table 4: Conservation activities in Kambui Hills Forest Reserve'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"

!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->

!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->

[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]

[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]

= Impediments = <!-- Overview of impediments to ape conservation -->

= Challenges = <!-- Overview of impediments to ape conservation -->

 

'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Kambui Hills Forest Reserve'''

'''Table 5: Impediments reported for Kambui Hills Forest Reserve'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="impediments-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="impediments-table"

!align="left"|Impediment <!-- Do not change categories -->

!align="left"|Challenge <!-- Do not change categories -->

!Source  <!-- source for impediment mentioned -->

!Source  <!-- source for impediment mentioned -->

|-

|-

'''Table 6: Great ape behaviors reported for Kambui Hills Forest Reserve'''

'''Table 6. Great ape behaviors reported for Kambui Hills Forest Reserve'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"

!align="left"|Behavior  <!-- Do not change categories -->

!align="left"|Behavior  <!-- Do not change categories -->

|}

|}

= References =

= References =