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Created page with "<!-- INSTRUCTIONS FOR UPLOADING SITE INFORMATION - Wiki pages contain information in paragraphs, tables, lists, and images. - Text and images are not restricted, and their for..."
<!-- INSTRUCTIONS FOR UPLOADING SITE INFORMATION
- Wiki pages contain information in paragraphs, tables, lists, and images.
- Text and images are not restricted, and their formats can be chosen as desired.
- Tables and lists are extracted as data, so the following restrictions apply to them:
1) Table structure cannot be changed.
2) List format should not change, i.e. they are comma separated lists, not bullet points or numbered lists.
3) To make information comparable across wiki pages, keywords must be taken from the list of permitted words, or added to the list of permitted keywords. This is why we use official lists, e.g., IUCN classification lists, in our tables.
-->
[[Central Africa]] > [[Cameroon]] > [[Zone Humide d'Ebogo]]
= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with one sentence for each section. May include a site map -->
<div style="float: right">
{{#display_map: height=200px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap
|3.393683, 11.483002~[[Zone Humide d'Ebogo]]~Central chimpanzees & Western lowland gorillas
}}
</div>
* Central chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes troglodytes'') and western lowland gorillas (''Gorilla gorilla gorilla'') are present in Zone Humide d'Ebogo.
* The population sizes are unknown.
* The population trends are unknown.
* The site has a total size of 30.97 km².
* Forest loss and forest degradation due to wood harvesting, agriculture and collection of non-timber forest products are some of the known threats in the site.
* Conservation activities are unknown.
* The site was designated a Ramsar site in 2012.
= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->
The site is located about 40 km south of Yaoundé, the capital city of Cameroon. The area supports several IUCN Red-Listed plant species including the African Pearwood (''Baillonella toxisperma''), Sapele (''Entandrophragma cylindricum'') and Ebony (''Diospyros crassiflora''). It also supports nationally important animal species such as the Nile Monitor (''Varanus niloticus'') and the African Python (''Python sebae'') as well as over 100 waterbird species. The temporarily flooded marshes serve as food and breeding ground for waterbirds. It was designated as a Ramsar site in 2012. The forest also supports a rich diversity of non-timber forest products important to the local population both as a source of food and as a cultural heritage ([https://rsis.ramsar.org/fr/ris/2068 Ramsar 2012]). The area is surrounded by the Mbalyamo Forest Reserve.
'''Table 1. Basic site information for Zone Humide d'Ebogo'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"
| Area <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha -->
|30.97 km²
|-
|Coordinates
|3.393683, 11.483002
|-
|Designation
|Forest Reserve
|-
|Habitat types <!-- List IUCN Habitat Classification 3.0 categories present (without number), see link below -->
|Subtropical/tropical swamp forest
|}
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/habitat-classification-scheme IUCN habitat categories] [[Site designations]]
= Ape status = <!--An overview of ape population status (population sizes, trends, etc.), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->
'''Table 2. Ape population estimates in Zone Humide d'Ebogo'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"
! Species
! Year
! Abundance estimate (95% CI)
! Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
! Encounter rate (nests/km)
! Area
! Method
! Source
! Comments
! A.P.E.S. database ID
|-
|''Pan troglodytes troglodytes''
|
|
|
|
|Zone Humide d'Ebogo
|
|
|
|
|-
|''Gorilla gorilla gorilla''
|
|
|
|
|Zone Humide d'Ebogo
|
|
|
|
|}
= Threats = <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats -->
'''Table 3. Threats to apes in Zone Humide d'Ebogo'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"
!align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE THREAT CATEGORIES -->
!Specific threats <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the IUCN list linked below -->
!Threat level <!-- For threat level, please use keywords: low, medium, high, present, absent, unknown-->
!Quantified severity <!-- Enter any available quantification of the threat, e.g., the proportion of the area affected by the threat, hunting sign encounter rates-->
!Description <!-- Add descriptive information -->
!Year of threat <!-- Enter specific year(s), “ongoing”, or “unknown”. If the threat is ongoing, please add the year of reference in parentheses -->
|-
|1. Residential & commercial development
|1.1 Housing & urban areas
|Low
|
|Built areas around the eastern and western boundaries of the site (Liliane et al. 2022).
|Ongoing (2022)
|-
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
|2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops
|High
|
|Agriculture is a major cause of forest degradation in and around the site (Liliane et al. 2022).
|Ongoing (2022)
|-
|3. Energy production & mining
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|-
|4. Transportation & service corridors
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|-
|5. Biological resource use
|5.2 Gathering terrestrial plants
|High
|
|Collection of NFTPs for food and medicine (Liliane et al. 2022).
|Ongoing (2022)
|-
|
|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
|High
|
|Wood harvesting (Liliane et al. 2022).
|Ongoing (2022)
|-
|6. Human intrusion & disturbance
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|-
|7. Natural system modifications
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|-
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|-
|9. Pollution
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|-
|10. Geological Events
|
|Absent
|
|
|
|-
| 11. Climate change & severe weather
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|-
|12. Other options
|
|Absent
|
|
|
|-
|}
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list]
= Conservation activities = <!-- A summary of the conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->
'''Table 4. Conservation activities in Zone Humide d'Ebogo'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"
!align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE CATEGORIES -->
!Specific activity <!-- For specific threats, please use list from the list linked below, OR enter “Not reported” -->
!Description <!-- Add descriptive information -->
!Year of activity <!-- Add descriptive information -->
|-
|1. Residential & commercial development
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|3. Energy production & mining
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|4. Transportation & service corridors
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|5. Biological resource use
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|6. Human intrusion & disturbance
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|7. Natural system modifications
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|9. Pollution
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|10. Education & Awareness
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|11. Habitat Protection
|11.2. Legally protect primate habitat
|The site is protected internationally as a Ramsar site since 2012, but the management plan and national authority for the site are unknown (UNEP-WCMC 2023).
|Ongoing (2023)
|-
|12. Species Management
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|}
[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]
= Challenges = <!-- Overview of challenges in ape conservation -->
'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Zone Humide d'Ebogo'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="challenges-table"
!align="left"|Challenge <!-- Do not change categories -->
!Source <!-- Source for challenge mentioned -->
|-
|Not reported
|
|-
|}
= Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities -->
===Documented behaviours=== <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->
'''Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Zone Humide d'Ebogo'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"
!align="left"|Behavior
!Source
|-
|Not reported
|
|-
|}
=External links=
[https://rsis.ramsar.org/fr/ris/2068 Ramsar]
= References =
Liliane, M. D., Romain, N. J., Caroline, M. S. M., Abigaelle, T., & Loic, T. T. A. (2022). Quantifying Forest Loss in the Mbalmayo Forest Reserve (Center Region, Cameroon). Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 10(9), 271-288.<br>
Ramsar (2012. Zone Humide d'Ebogo. Online: https://rsis.ramsar.org/fr/ris/2068 <br>
UNEP-WCMC (2023). Protected Area Profile for Zone Humide d'Ebogo from the World Database on Protected Areas, May 2023. Available at: www.protectedplanet.net<br>
<br>
'''Page completed by: '''A.P.E.S. Wiki team''' Date:''' 26/05/2023 <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->
- Wiki pages contain information in paragraphs, tables, lists, and images.
- Text and images are not restricted, and their formats can be chosen as desired.
- Tables and lists are extracted as data, so the following restrictions apply to them:
1) Table structure cannot be changed.
2) List format should not change, i.e. they are comma separated lists, not bullet points or numbered lists.
3) To make information comparable across wiki pages, keywords must be taken from the list of permitted words, or added to the list of permitted keywords. This is why we use official lists, e.g., IUCN classification lists, in our tables.
-->
[[Central Africa]] > [[Cameroon]] > [[Zone Humide d'Ebogo]]
= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with one sentence for each section. May include a site map -->
<div style="float: right">
{{#display_map: height=200px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap
|3.393683, 11.483002~[[Zone Humide d'Ebogo]]~Central chimpanzees & Western lowland gorillas
}}
</div>
* Central chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes troglodytes'') and western lowland gorillas (''Gorilla gorilla gorilla'') are present in Zone Humide d'Ebogo.
* The population sizes are unknown.
* The population trends are unknown.
* The site has a total size of 30.97 km².
* Forest loss and forest degradation due to wood harvesting, agriculture and collection of non-timber forest products are some of the known threats in the site.
* Conservation activities are unknown.
* The site was designated a Ramsar site in 2012.
= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->
The site is located about 40 km south of Yaoundé, the capital city of Cameroon. The area supports several IUCN Red-Listed plant species including the African Pearwood (''Baillonella toxisperma''), Sapele (''Entandrophragma cylindricum'') and Ebony (''Diospyros crassiflora''). It also supports nationally important animal species such as the Nile Monitor (''Varanus niloticus'') and the African Python (''Python sebae'') as well as over 100 waterbird species. The temporarily flooded marshes serve as food and breeding ground for waterbirds. It was designated as a Ramsar site in 2012. The forest also supports a rich diversity of non-timber forest products important to the local population both as a source of food and as a cultural heritage ([https://rsis.ramsar.org/fr/ris/2068 Ramsar 2012]). The area is surrounded by the Mbalyamo Forest Reserve.
'''Table 1. Basic site information for Zone Humide d'Ebogo'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"
| Area <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha -->
|30.97 km²
|-
|Coordinates
|3.393683, 11.483002
|-
|Designation
|Forest Reserve
|-
|Habitat types <!-- List IUCN Habitat Classification 3.0 categories present (without number), see link below -->
|Subtropical/tropical swamp forest
|}
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/habitat-classification-scheme IUCN habitat categories] [[Site designations]]
= Ape status = <!--An overview of ape population status (population sizes, trends, etc.), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->
'''Table 2. Ape population estimates in Zone Humide d'Ebogo'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"
! Species
! Year
! Abundance estimate (95% CI)
! Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
! Encounter rate (nests/km)
! Area
! Method
! Source
! Comments
! A.P.E.S. database ID
|-
|''Pan troglodytes troglodytes''
|
|
|
|
|Zone Humide d'Ebogo
|
|
|
|
|-
|''Gorilla gorilla gorilla''
|
|
|
|
|Zone Humide d'Ebogo
|
|
|
|
|}
= Threats = <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats -->
'''Table 3. Threats to apes in Zone Humide d'Ebogo'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"
!align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE THREAT CATEGORIES -->
!Specific threats <!-- For specific threats, please use list of comma separated keywords from the IUCN list linked below -->
!Threat level <!-- For threat level, please use keywords: low, medium, high, present, absent, unknown-->
!Quantified severity <!-- Enter any available quantification of the threat, e.g., the proportion of the area affected by the threat, hunting sign encounter rates-->
!Description <!-- Add descriptive information -->
!Year of threat <!-- Enter specific year(s), “ongoing”, or “unknown”. If the threat is ongoing, please add the year of reference in parentheses -->
|-
|1. Residential & commercial development
|1.1 Housing & urban areas
|Low
|
|Built areas around the eastern and western boundaries of the site (Liliane et al. 2022).
|Ongoing (2022)
|-
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
|2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops
|High
|
|Agriculture is a major cause of forest degradation in and around the site (Liliane et al. 2022).
|Ongoing (2022)
|-
|3. Energy production & mining
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|-
|4. Transportation & service corridors
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|-
|5. Biological resource use
|5.2 Gathering terrestrial plants
|High
|
|Collection of NFTPs for food and medicine (Liliane et al. 2022).
|Ongoing (2022)
|-
|
|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
|High
|
|Wood harvesting (Liliane et al. 2022).
|Ongoing (2022)
|-
|6. Human intrusion & disturbance
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|-
|7. Natural system modifications
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|-
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|-
|9. Pollution
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|-
|10. Geological Events
|
|Absent
|
|
|
|-
| 11. Climate change & severe weather
|
|Unknown
|
|
|
|-
|12. Other options
|
|Absent
|
|
|
|-
|}
[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/threat-classification-scheme IUCN Threats list]
= Conservation activities = <!-- A summary of the conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->
'''Table 4. Conservation activities in Zone Humide d'Ebogo'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"
!align="left"|Category <!-- PLEASE DO NOT CHANGE THE CATEGORIES -->
!Specific activity <!-- For specific threats, please use list from the list linked below, OR enter “Not reported” -->
!Description <!-- Add descriptive information -->
!Year of activity <!-- Add descriptive information -->
|-
|1. Residential & commercial development
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|2. Agriculture & aquaculture
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|3. Energy production & mining
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|4. Transportation & service corridors
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|5. Biological resource use
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|6. Human intrusion & disturbance
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|7. Natural system modifications
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|9. Pollution
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|10. Education & Awareness
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|11. Habitat Protection
|11.2. Legally protect primate habitat
|The site is protected internationally as a Ramsar site since 2012, but the management plan and national authority for the site are unknown (UNEP-WCMC 2023).
|Ongoing (2023)
|-
|12. Species Management
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives
|Not reported
|
|
|-
|}
[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]
= Challenges = <!-- Overview of challenges in ape conservation -->
'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Zone Humide d'Ebogo'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="challenges-table"
!align="left"|Challenge <!-- Do not change categories -->
!Source <!-- Source for challenge mentioned -->
|-
|Not reported
|
|-
|}
= Research activities = <!-- Overview of research activities -->
===Documented behaviours=== <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->
'''Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Zone Humide d'Ebogo'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"
!align="left"|Behavior
!Source
|-
|Not reported
|
|-
|}
=External links=
[https://rsis.ramsar.org/fr/ris/2068 Ramsar]
= References =
Liliane, M. D., Romain, N. J., Caroline, M. S. M., Abigaelle, T., & Loic, T. T. A. (2022). Quantifying Forest Loss in the Mbalmayo Forest Reserve (Center Region, Cameroon). Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection, 10(9), 271-288.<br>
Ramsar (2012. Zone Humide d'Ebogo. Online: https://rsis.ramsar.org/fr/ris/2068 <br>
UNEP-WCMC (2023). Protected Area Profile for Zone Humide d'Ebogo from the World Database on Protected Areas, May 2023. Available at: www.protectedplanet.net<br>
<br>
'''Page completed by: '''A.P.E.S. Wiki team''' Date:''' 26/05/2023 <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->