Xuan Nha Nature Reserve

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Summary

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• Northern white-cheeked gibbons (Nomascus leucogenys) are present in Xuan Nha Nature Reserve.
• Gibbons may be absent in the reserve, or occurring at very low densities.
• The site has a total size of 163.17 km².
• Key threats to gibbons are hunting and shifting agriculture leading to habitat loss.
• Conservation activities are not documented.

Site characteristics

Table 1. Basic site information for Xuan Nha Nature Reserve

Species	Nomascus leucogenys
Area	163.17 km²
Coordinates	Lat: 20.691537 , Lon: 104.705431
Type of site	Protected area (Nature Reserve)
Habitat types	Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest
Type of governance

Types of sites Governance types Habitat types

Ape status

No signs of gibbons were recorded during a ten day survey in 2011, but there were reports of gibbons in the buffer zone (Nguyen Manh Ha et al. 2011), which may be the gibbons in Long Luong Commune (Rawson et al. 2011). During mammal surveys conducted between 2006 and 2010, gibbons were not detected either, but interviews with local residents suggest that some gibbons persist within and outside the reserve (Rawson et al. 2011).

Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Xuan Nha Nature Reserve

Species	Year	Total number indiv. (95% CI)	Total number groups (95% CI)	Density ​​[groups/km²​] (95% CI)	Area	Method	Source	Comments	A.P.E.S. database ID	NA	NA
Nomascus leucogenys	2011		0			Xuan Nha Nature Reserve	Unknown		Nguyen Manh Ha et al. 2011	No records of gibbons

Threats

Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Xuan Nha Nature Reserve

Category	Specific threats	Threat level	Description	Year of threat
2 Agriculture & aquaculture	2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops	High (more than 70% of population affected)	Forest clearance due to shifting agriculture (Rawson et al. 2011).	Ongoing (2011)
5 Biological resource use	5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals	High (more than 70% of population affected)	Local communities commonly hunt with dogs and guns for subsistence and for the wildlife trade (Rawson et al. 2011).	Ongoing (2011)
7 Natural system modifications	7.2 Dams & water management/use	High (more than 70% of population affected)	The construction of a nearby hydropower dam, the Trung Son Hydropower Project was predicted to result in further forest clearance for agriculture and illegal logging, increased wildlife hunting, increased incidence of forest fires and greater access to the reserve via the reservoir and new construction roads (Rawson et al. 2011).	Ongoing (2011)
10 Geological events		Absent
12 Other threat		Absent
1 Residential & commercial development		Unknown
3 Energy production & mining		Unknown
4 Transportation & service corridors		Unknown
6 Human intrusions & disturbance		Unknown
8 Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseases		Unknown
9 Pollution		Unknown
11 Climate change & severe weather		Unknown

Threats

Challenges

Table 5. Challenges reported for Xuan Nha Nature Reserve

Challenges	Specific challenges	Source	Year(s)
	Not reported

Enablers

Table 6. Enablers reported for Xuan Nha Nature Reserve

Enablers	Specific enablers	Source	Year(s)
1 Site management
2 Resources and capacity
3 Engaged community
4 Institutional support
5 Ecological context
6 Safety and stability

Documented behaviours

Table 7. Behaviours documented for Xuan Nha Nature Reserve

Behavior	Source
Not reported

References

Nguyen Manh Ha, Do Tuoc, and L. V. Dung (2011). A survey of white-cheeked gibbons (Nomascus leucogenys) and large mammals (Mammalia) in Xuan Nha Nature Reserve and Sop Cop Nature Reserve, Son La Province. Centre for Natural Resources and Environmental Studies (CRES), Hanoi, Vietnam (in Vietnamese).

Rawson, B. M, Insua-Cao, P., Nguyen Manh Ha, Van Ngoc Thinh, Hoang Minh Duc, Mahood, S., Geissmann, T. and Roos, C. (2011). The Conservation Status of Gibbons in Vietnam. Fauna & Flora International/Conservation International, Hanoi, Vietnam.

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