Mbam et Djerem National Park

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Summary

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Leaflet

• Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes ellioti) & central chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes) are present in Mbam et Djerem National Park.
• It has been estimated that at least 1,244 Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees occur in the site.
• The Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzee population trend is stable.
• The site has a total size of 4,165.2 km².
• Key threats to chimpanzees are poaching, transhumance, uncontrolled fires, and gathering terrestrial plants.
• Conservation activities are not documented.

Site characteristics

Mbam et Djerem National Park was established in 2000. The park is situated in central Cameroon, within the Guinea-Congolia/Sudania regional transition zone, between the Sudanian regional center of endemism in the north, and the Guinea-Congolian forest block in the south. The vegetation at Mbam et Djerem National Park grades from savanna in the northwest to forest-savanna mosaic, to the closed-canopy humid forest in the southwest. It is the most biologically diverse protected area in the country due to its exceptional habitat diversity (WCS). Mbam et Djerem National Park is home to two subspecies of chimpanzees, (central and Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees), De Brazza's monkeys, elephants, buffalos, hippopotamus, leopards, and over 65 reptile and 365 bird species (BirdLife International 2020, WCS).

Table 1. Basic site information for Mbam et Djerem National Park

Species	'Pan troglodytes ellioti
Area	4,165.2 km²
Coordinates	Lat: 5.858082 , Lon: 12.773937
Type of site	Protected area (National Park)
Habitat types	Subtropical/tropical dry forest, Savanna
Type of governance

IUCN habitat categories Site designations

Ape status

Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Mbam et Djerem National Park

Species	Year	Occurrence	Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day)	Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)	Abundance estimate (95% CI)	Survey area	Sampling method	Analytical framework	Source	Comments	A.P.E.S. database ID
Pan troglodytes ellioti	2016			0.59 (0.19-1.76)	449 (150-1343)	Mbam et Djerem National Park, forest-savanna mosaic area (900.84 sq. km)	Full count		Kamgang et al. 2018
Pan troglodytes ellioti	2016			0.88 (0.55-1.41)	795 (496-1272)	Mbam et Djerem National Park, dense forest area (761.5 sq. km)	Full count		Kamgang et al. 2018
Pan troglodytes ellioti	2016		1.77	0.33 (0.12-0.86		1662.34, core area of the park	Line transects		Kamgang et al. 2018

Threats

Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Mbam et Djerem National Park

Category	Specific threats	Threat level	Description	Year of threat
10 Geological events		Absent
12 Other threat		Absent
5 Biological resource use	5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals	High (more than 70% of population affected)	Poaching is the main threat to wildlife at the site (Dadem, Tchamba & Tsi 2018).	Ongoing (2018)
5 Biological resource use	5.2 Gathering terrestrial plants	Low (up to 30% of population affected)	Bark collection and plant gathering (Dadem, Tchamba & Tsi 2018).	Ongoing (2018)
7 Natural system modifications	7.1 Fire & fire suppression	Low (up to 30% of population affected)	Uncontrolled bushfires (Dadem, Tchamba & Tsi 2018).	Ongoing (2018)
2 Agriculture & aquaculture	2.3 Livestock farming & ranching	Medium (30-70% of population affected)	Transhumance (Dadem, Tchamba & Tsi 2018).	Ongoing (2018)
1 Residential & commercial development		Unknown
3 Energy production & mining		Unknown
4 Transportation & service corridors		Unknown
6 Human intrusions & disturbance		Unknown
8 Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseases		Unknown
9 Pollution		Unknown
11 Climate change & severe weather		Unknown

IUCN Threats list

Conservation activities

WCS has been responsible for the management of the site since 2003.

Challenges

Lack of connectivity, lack of community and private sector awareness and conservation constituencies (WCS).

Table 5. Challenges reported for Mbam et Djerem National Park

Challenges	Specific challenges	Source	Year(s)
4 Institutional support	4.1 Lack of law enforcement	WCS
2 Resources and capacity	2.1 Lack of capacity/training	WCS

Enablers

Table 6. Enablers reported for Mbam et Djerem National Park

Enablers	Specific enablers	Source	Year(s)
1 Site management
2 Resources and capacity
3 Engaged community
4 Institutional support
5 Ecological context
6 Safety and stability

Documented behaviours

Table 7. Behaviours documented for Mbam et Djerem National Park

Behavior	Source
Not reported

External links

WCS

References

Kamgang, S.A., Bobo, K.S., Maisels, F. et al. The relationship between the abundance of the Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes ellioti) and its habitat: a conservation concern in Mbam-Djerem National Park, Cameroon. BMC Ecol 18, 40 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12898-018-0199-3

BirdLife International (2020) Important Bird Areas factsheet: Mbam Djerem National Park. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 27/11/2020.

Dadem, G. C., Tchamba, N. M., & Tsi, E. A. (2018). Impacts of anthropogenic pressures on wildlife in the northern sector of the National Park of Mbam and Djerem, Adamaoua Cameroon. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation, 10(3), 145-153.

Page created by: Serge Kamgang & A.P.E.S. Wiki team Date: NA