Ifon Forest Reserve

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Summary

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• Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes ellioti) are present in Ifon Forest Reserve.
• The population size is unknown.
• The chimpanzee population trend is unknown.
• The site has a total size of 282 km².
• Key threats to chimpanzees are logging and hunting.
• Conservation activities are not documented.

Site characteristics

Ifon is found in the state of Ondo, Nigeria. The vegetation of Ifon is composed mainly of savanna-woodland but riverine forest and high forest also occur here. Four rivers run through it, the Osse, the Omo, the Owesse and the Okowa Rivers (Greengrass 2006).

Table 1. Basic site information for Ifon Forest Reserve

Species	'Pan troglodytes ellioti
Area	282 km²
Coordinates	Lat: 7.10367 , Lon: 5.79839
Type of site	Protected area (Forest Reserve)
Habitat types	Agricultural land, Savanna, Subtropical/tropical heavily degraded former forest, Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest
Type of governance

IUCN habitat categories Site designations

Ape status

Chimpanzees may still be present in the site. During a 2005 visit to the site, a hunter reported the presence of chimpanzees (Greengrass 2006). In 2006, feeding remains were found in the reserve (Greengrass 2006). An up to date survey is needed to confirm chimpanzee occurrence.

Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Ifon Forest Reserve

Species	Year	Occurrence	Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day)	Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)	Abundance estimate (95% CI)	Survey area	Sampling method	Analytical framework	Source	Comments	A.P.E.S. database ID
Pan troglodytes ellioti		Present				Ifon	Reconnaissance walk		Greengrass 2006	Feeding remains found.

Threats

The site is under high pressure from hunting, logging and encroachment/land clearing for farmland around its boundary (Greengrass 2006).

Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Ifon Forest Reserve

Category	Specific threats	Threat level	Description	Year of threat
10 Geological events		Absent
12 Other threat		Absent
2 Agriculture & aquaculture	2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops	High (more than 70% of population affected)	Conversion of forest for farmland (Greengrass 2006).	Ongoing (2006)
5 Biological resource use	5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals	High (more than 70% of population affected)	Illegal huntings (Greengrass 2006).	Ongoing (2006)
5 Biological resource use	5.3 Logging & wood harvesting	High (more than 70% of population affected)	High logging pressure documented during a 2006 survey. Areas of high and riverine forest are subject to illegal logging (Greengrass 2006).	Ongoing (2006)
1 Residential & commercial development		Unknown
3 Energy production & mining		Unknown
4 Transportation & service corridors		Unknown
6 Human intrusions & disturbance		Unknown
7 Natural system modifications		Unknown
8 Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseases		Unknown
9 Pollution		Unknown
11 Climate change & severe weather		Unknown

IUCN Threats list

Conservation activities

INSERT PARAGRAPH(S)

Challenges

Table 5. Challenges reported for Ifon Forest Reserve

Challenges	Specific challenges	Source	Year(s)
4 Institutional support	4.1 Lack of law enforcement	Greengrass 2006
2 Resources and capacity	2.3 General lack of funding	Greengrass 2006

Enablers

Table 6. Enablers reported for Ifon Forest Reserve

Enablers	Specific enablers	Source	Year(s)
1 Site management
2 Resources and capacity
3 Engaged community
4 Institutional support
5 Ecological context
6 Safety and stability

Documented behaviours

Table 7. Behaviours documented for Ifon Forest Reserve

Behavior	Source
Not reported

References

Greengrass, E.J. (2006). A survey of chimpanzees in south-west Nigeria. Report to the NCF-WCS Biodiversity Research Programme.

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