Ben En National Park

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Summary

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• Northern white-cheeked gibbons (Nomascus leucogenys) may be present in Ben En National Park.
• The population size is unknown.
• The population trend is decreasing.
• The site has a total size of 147.4 km².
• Logging is the main threat to gibbons in the area.
• Conservation activities are not documented.

Site characteristics

Ben En National Park was established as a national park in 1992. The site includes a wide and diverse system of lakes, caves, mountains and forest that is utilized to develop ecotourism. Ben En River and Muc River are the two biggest rivers there (Frontier Vietnam 2000).

Table 1. Basic site information for Ben En National Park

Area	147.4 km²
Coordinates	19.566729, 105.452144
Designation	National Park
Habitat types	Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest

IUCN habitat categories Site designations

Ape status

Information from park staff in 2009 suggests only one gibbon group remains and that 2-3 groups are situated outside the park boundary. Before that, gibbons were last recorded in 1997-1998; all sightings and vocalizations may have been of the same group (Rawson et al. 2011).

Table 2. Ape population estimates in Ben En National Park

Species	Year	Total number indiv. (95% CI)	Total number groups (95% CI)	Density ​​[groups/km²​] (95% CI)	Area	Method	Source	Comments	A.P.E.S. database ID
Nomascus leucogenys	2009		1		Ben En National Park	Interview	Rawson et al. 2011

Threats

Table 3. Threats to apes in Ben En National Park

Category	Specific threats	Threat level	Quantified severity	Description	Year of threat
1. Residential & commercial development		Unknown
2. Agriculture & aquaculture		Unknown
3. Energy production & mining		Unknown
4. Transportation & service corridors		Unknown
5. Biological resource use	5.3 Logging & wood harvesting	High		Extensive commercial logging occurred in the park until 1992 and since then, small-scale illegal logging has continued (Rawson et al. 2011).	Ongoing (2011)
6. Human intrusion & disturbance		Unknown
7. Natural system modifications		Unknown
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases		Unknown
9. Pollution		Unknown
10. Geological Events		Absent
11. Climate change & severe weather		Unknown
12. Other options		Absent

IUCN Threats list

Conservation activities

Table 4. Conservation activities in Ben En National Park

Category	Specific activity	Description	Year of activity
1. Residential & commercial development	Not reported
2. Agriculture & aquaculture	Not reported
3. Energy production & mining	Not reported
4. Transportation & service corridors	Not reported
5. Biological resource use	Not reported
6. Human intrusion & disturbance	Not reported
7. Natural system modifications	Not reported
8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases	Not reported
9. Pollution	Not reported
10. Education & Awareness	Not reported
11. Habitat Protection	11.2. Legally protect primate habitat	The site is a national park.	Ongoing (2023)
12. Species Management	Not reported
13. Livelihood; Economic & Other Incentives	Not reported

Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)

Challenges

Table 5. Challenges reported for Ben En National Park

Challenge	Source
Not reported

Research activities

Documented behaviours

Table 6. Ape behaviors reported for Ben En National Park

Behavior	Source
Not reported

References

Frontier Vietnam (2000) Tordoff, A., Fanning, E. & Grindley, M. (eds) Ben En National Park: A Biodiversity Survey. Frontier Vietnam Environmental Research Report 18. Society for Environmental Exploration, UK and Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Hanoi and Darwin Initiative.
Rawson, B. M, Insua-Cao, P., Nguyen Manh Ha, Van Ngoc Thinh, Hoang Minh Duc, Mahood, S., Geissmann, T. and Roos, C. (2011). The Conservation Status of Gibbons in Vietnam. Fauna & Flora International/Conservation International, Hanoi, Vietnam.

Page completed by: A.P.E.S. Wiki team Date: 05/05/2023