Eastern block (Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba, TL2)

Central Africa > Democratic Republic of the Congo > Eastern block (Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba, TL2)

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Summary

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Leaflet

• Bonobos (Pan paniscus) are present in Eastern block (Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba, TL2).
• It has been estimated that a minimum of 5,000 individuals occur in the site.
• The population trend is unknown.
• The site has a total size of 20,000 km².
• Key threats to bonobos are poaching, habitat destruction and degradation, risk of disease transmission.
• Conservation activities are not documented.

Site characteristics

Unlike the Northern, Southern and Western blocks, most of the Eastern block (also known as the Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba or TL2 block) is not part of a Congo Basin Forest Partnership (CBFP) or Commission des Forêts d’Afrique Centrale (CFAC) landscape, because its biological importance was only revealed since 2007, through surveys (IUCN & ICCN 2012). The block stresches from from the Tshuapa River basin in the west to the Lualaba (Congo) River in the east. The western part of TL2 is contiguous with the Sankuru Natural Reserve. Lomami National Park is found within the TL2 block.

Table 1. Basic site information for Eastern block (Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba, TL2)

Species	'Pan paniscus
Area	20,000 km²
Coordinates	Lat: -1.711684 , Lon: 25.061206
Type of site	Non-protected area
Habitat types	Subtropical/tropical moist lowland forest, Subtropical/tropical swamp forest, Savanna
Type of governance

IUCN habitat categories Site designations

Ape status

Through analysis of all available data from surveys conducted between 2003–2010, it has been estimated that there is a minimum population of 5,000 individuals in the Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba block, making it an important stronghold for bonobos (IUCN & ICCN 2012).

Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Eastern block (Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba, TL2)

Species	Year	Occurrence	Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day)	Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)	Abundance estimate (95% CI)	Survey area	Sampling method	Analytical framework	Source	Comments	A.P.E.S. database ID
Pan paniscus	2003-2010				5000	Eastern block (Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba, TL2)	Other		IUCN & ICCN 2012	minimum estimate

Threats

Although large parts of the area are uninhabited, bonobos and other wildlife are under intense pressure from the commercial bushmeat trade. In addition, the presence of slash-and-burn agriculture and artisanal logging are also threats in the TL2 block. No industrial logging or mining operations exist in the area, but parts of the forest are fragmented in and around the Sankuru reserve (IUCN & ICCN 2012).

Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Eastern block (Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba, TL2)

Category	Specific threats	Threat level	Description	Year of threat
10 Geological events		Absent
12 Other threat		Absent
5 Biological resource use	5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals	High (more than 70% of population affected)	Intense hunting pressure from commercial bushmeat trade (IUCN & ICCN 2012).	Ongoing (2012)
5 Biological resource use	5.3 Logging & wood harvesting	Low (up to 30% of population affected)	Artisanal logging (IUCN & ICCN 2012).	Ongoing (2012)
2 Agriculture & aquaculture	2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops	Present (unknown severity)	Slash-and-burn agriculture (IUCN & ICCN 2012).	Ongoing (2012)
1 Residential & commercial development		Unknown
3 Energy production & mining		Unknown
4 Transportation & service corridors		Unknown
6 Human intrusions & disturbance		Unknown
7 Natural system modifications		Unknown
8 Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseases		Unknown
9 Pollution		Unknown
11 Climate change & severe weather		Unknown

IUCN Threats list

Challenges

Table 5. Challenges reported for Eastern block (Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba, TL2)

Challenges	Specific challenges	Source	Year(s)
4 Institutional support	4.1 Lack of law enforcement	IUCN & ICCN 2012

Enablers

Table 6. Enablers reported for Eastern block (Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba, TL2)

Enablers	Specific enablers	Source	Year(s)
1 Site management
2 Resources and capacity
3 Engaged community
4 Institutional support
5 Ecological context
6 Safety and stability

Documented behaviours

Table 7. Behaviours documented for Eastern block (Tshuapa-Lomami-Lualaba, TL2)

Behavior	Source
Not reported

References

IUCN & ICCN (2012). Bonobo (Pan paniscus): Conservation Strategy 2012–2022. Gland, Switzerland: IUCN/SSC Primate Specialist Group & Institut Congolais pour la Conservation de la Nature. 65 pp. Online: https://www.iucngreatapes.org/bonobo

Page created by: A.P.E.S. Wiki team Date: NA