Kibale National Park

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Summary

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Leaflet

• Eastern chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) are present in Kibale National Park.
• The population size is unknown.
• The chimpanzee population trend is unknown.
• The site has a total size of 795 km².
• Hunting and snare injuries are a key threat to chimpanzees.
• Conservation activities have focused on veterinary intervention and snare removal.

Site characteristics

Kibale National Park is situated in southwestern Uganda. The park is contiguous with Queen Elizabeth National Park in the south. Established in 1993, Kibale National Park is famously known for the long-term research of chimpanzee communities inhabiting the area (see Kanyawara and Ngogo sites). In addition to the eastern chimpanzee, the park is home to other species of global conservation concern, including the forest elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis), western red colobus (Procolobus badius), and L'Hoest's monkey (Cercopithecus l’hoesti) (BirdLife International 2020). With at least 339 bird species, the site is an Important Bird Area (BirdLife International 2020).

Table 1. Basic site information for Kibale National Park

Species	'Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii
Area	795 km²
Coordinates	Lat: 0.487463 , Lon: 30.390052
Type of site	Protected area (National Park)
Habitat types	Unknown
Type of governance

IUCN habitat categories Site designations

Ape status

Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Kibale National Park

Species	Year	Occurrence	Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day)	Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)	Abundance estimate (95% CI)	Survey area	Sampling method	Analytical framework	Source	Comments	A.P.E.S. database ID
Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii							Unknown

Threats

Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Kibale National Park

Category	Specific threats	Threat level	Description	Year of threat
10 Geological events		Absent
5 Biological resource use	5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals	High (more than 70% of population affected)	Although snares are set up to mainly target small duikers and bushpigs, chimpanzees are at risk of falling victim to the snares and get severely maimed or killed (Dudley 2020).	Ongoing (2020)
1 Residential & commercial development		Unknown
2 Agriculture & aquaculture		Unknown
3 Energy production & mining		Unknown
4 Transportation & service corridors		Unknown
6 Human intrusions & disturbance		Unknown
7 Natural system modifications		Unknown
8 Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseases		Unknown
9 Pollution		Unknown
11 Climate change & severe weather		Unknown
12 Other threat		Unknown

IUCN Threats list

Conservation activities

The park is managed by the Uganda Wildlife Authority.

Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Kibale National Park

Category	Specific activity	Description	Implementing organization(s)	Year of activity
2 Counter-wildlife crime	2.6 Regularly de-activate/remove ground snares	The Kibale Snare Removal Program (KSRP) was established in 1997 to reduce snaring in the park and involve the local community (Dudley 2020).		Ongoing (2020)
6 Species management	6.9 Rehabilitate injured/orphaned apes	Veterinary intervention when chimpanzees are injured by snares (Kibale Chimpanzee Project).

Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)

Challenges

Table 5. Challenges reported for Kibale National Park

Challenges	Specific challenges	Source	Year(s)
	Not reported

Enablers

Table 6. Enablers reported for Kibale National Park

Enablers	Specific enablers	Source	Year(s)
1 Site management
2 Resources and capacity
3 Engaged community
4 Institutional support
5 Ecological context
6 Safety and stability

Research activities

Kibale is an important site for research. Long-term projects based on the site include the Kibale Chimpanzee Project and the Kibale EcoHealth Project.

Documented behaviours

Table 7. Behaviours documented for Kibale National Park

Behavior	Source
Not reported

External links

Kibale Chimpanzee Project

References

BirdLife International (2020). Important Bird Areas factsheet: Kibale National Park. Downloaded from http://www.birdlife.org on 21/10/2020.

Dudley, A. (2020). In Uganda, safeguarding chimpanzees against the scourge of snaring. Retrieved 21 October 2020 from Mongabay.com. Web site: https://news.mongabay.com/2020/10/in-uganda-safeguarding-chimpanzees-against-the-scourge-of-snaring/?fbclid=IwAR0qzwA0DmheeoKtcX4ZYdyNTJOGBJX7yf0gPTTri5XdDGjIL0dSFXzW3J0#

Wrangham, R., & Mugume, S. (2000). Snare Removal Program in Kibale National Park: a Preliminary Report. Pan Africa News, 7(2), 18-20.

Kibale Chimpanzee Project (n.d.). Veterinary Intervention. https://kibalechimpanzees.wordpress.com/veterinary-intervention/

Page created by: A.P.E.S. Wiki Team Date: NA