Mount Nimba strict Nature Reserve

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Summary

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Site characteristics

The Mount Nimba Massif is a transboundary site shared by three countries (Ivory Coast, Guinea, and Liberia). The status of this forest massif varies across these countries. Specifically, the part of Mount Nimba in Ivory Coast is designated as an integral nature reserve and a UNESCO World Heritage site. In Guinea, the Guinean portion is classified as a biosphere reserve and a World Heritage site, while the part in Liberia has no special status.

As a UNESCO World Heritage natural site, the Mount Nimba Nature Reserve (Ivory Coast – Guinea) has been listed as a World Heritage site in danger since 1992 by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, mainly due to the presence of mining sites within the property. In recent years, the State Parties of Ivory Coast and Guinea have expressed their intention to remove this site from the endangered list. To achieve this, both countries have committed to implementing the recommendations made by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee (OIPR, 2016).

One of the key recommendations from the Committee is the establishment of an ecological monitoring protocol. Despite numerous studies, knowledge regarding the abundance of wildlife species, particularly mammalian fauna and endemic species of the Mount Nimba Nature Reserve, remains insufficient. Data on the populations of endemic, rare, and endangered species is lacking, making it difficult to assess this criterion (IUCN, 2008). However, inventories and research conducted, along with monitoring activities, show that these species are still present, indicating that the reference to this criterion remains relevant (IUCN and UNESCO, 2019).

Table 1. Basic site information for Mount Nimba strict Nature Reserve

Species	'Pan troglodytes verus
Area	50.92 km²
Coordinates	Lat: 7.58287 , Lon: -8.41795
Type of site	Protected area (Nature Reserve)
Habitat types	Subtropical/tropical moist montane forest, Savanna
Type of governance	Governance by government

IUCN habitat categories Site designations

Ape status

Table 2. Ape population estimates reported for Mount Nimba strict Nature Reserve

Species	Year	Occurrence	Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day)	Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)	Abundance estimate (95% CI)	Survey area	Sampling method	Analytical framework	Source	Comments	A.P.E.S. database ID
Pan troglodytes verus	2021		2.5	0.07 (0.34-0.145)	36 (17-74)	Mount Nimba strict Nature Reserve (50,92 km²)	Line transects & recces	Distance sampling	OIPR 2021
Pan troglodytes verus	2022		4.2	0.50 (0.23-1.06)	25 (12-54)	Mount Nimba strict Nature Reserve (50,92 km²)	Line transects & recces	Distance sampling	OIPR 2023

Threats

Table 3. Threats to apes reported for Mount Nimba strict Nature Reserve

Category	Specific threats	Threat level	Description	Year of threat
5 Biological resource use	5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals	Present (unknown severity)	As for the types of anthropogenic activities recorded in the reserve, they are primarily related to poaching. These include, among others, bushfires, human tracks, cartridge casings, and gunshots. Among these poaching indicators, human tracks have been the most frequently recorded. This high number of tracks in the reserve suggests that the surrounding populations regularly engage in activities that impact the presence of wildlife (OIPR 2021, OIPR 2023).	Ongoing (2022)
7 Natural system modifications	7.1 Fire & fire suppression	Present (unknown severity)	Bushfires by humans (OIPR 2021, OIPR 2023).	Ongoing (2022)

IUCN Threats list

Conservation activities

Table 4. Conservation activities reported for Mount Nimba strict Nature Reserve

Category	Specific activity	Description	Implementing organization(s)	Year of activity
2 Counter-wildlife crime	2.11 Implement monitoring surveillance strategies (e.g., SMART) or use monitoring data to improve effectiveness of patrols	In order to ensure effective and sustainable management of the wildlife in the Mont Nimba Strict Nature Reserve, ecological monitoring activities are carried out periodically. This provides up-to-date, periodic data on the reserve's wildlife, enabling decision-making related to the conservation of key values to be based on sound, rational information (OIPR 2023).	Office ivoirien des Parcs et Réserves (OIPR)	2021-Ongoing (2022)

Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)

Challenges

Table 5. Challenges reported for Mount Nimba strict Nature Reserve

Challenges	Specific challenges	Source	Year(s)
2 Resources and capacity	2.1 Lack of capacity/training	OIPR 2021; OIPR 2023	2021-Ongoing (2022)
2 Resources and capacity	2.5 Lack of equipment/transportation	OIPR 2021; OIPR 2023	2021-Ongoing (2022)
4 Institutional support	4.4 Lack of transboundary cooperation	OIPR 2021; OIPR 2023	2021-Ongoing (2022)

Enablers

Table 6. Enablers reported for Mount Nimba strict Nature Reserve

Enablers	Specific enablers	Source	Year(s)
2 Resources and capacity	2.6 External partnerships that add expertise or resources	OIPR 2021, OIPR 2023	2021-Ongoing (2022)
2 Resources and capacity	2.5 Sufficient capacity/expertise to advise, design, or implement actions	OIPR 2021, OIPR 2023	2021-Ongoing (2022)

Documented behaviours

Table 7. Behaviours documented for Mount Nimba strict Nature Reserve

Behavior	Source
Not reported

References

OIPR (2016). Stratégie de mise en œuvre du suivi-écologique dans les Parcs nationaux et Réserves de Côte d’Ivoire. Office Ivoirien des Parcs et Réserves. Abidjan. 13 p.

OIPR (2021). Etat de conservation de la Réserve Naturelle intégrale du mont Nimba : Rapport de suivi écologique Phase I

OIPR (2023). Rapport suivi-écologique phase 2 dans la réserve naturelle intégrale du mont Nimba.

UICN (2008). Parcs et Réserves de Côte d'Ivoire: évaluation de l'efficacité de la gestion des aires protégées, 43 p., Gland, Switzerland.

UICN et UNESCO (2019). Joint Monitoring Mission Report Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve (Côte d'Ivoire / Guinea). Gland, Switzerland and Paris, France: IUCN and UNESCO World Heritage Centre. [online] Available at: https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/155/documents/ (Accessed 12 September 2019).

Page created by: Zausa Diorne Date: 2024-11-24 08:16:00