Changes

= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with one sentence for each section. May include a site map -->

= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with one sentence for each section. May include a site map -->

* Tapanuli orangutans (''Pongo tapanuliensis'') are present in the Batang Toru Ecosystem.

* Tapanuli orangutans (''Pongo tapanuliensis'') are present in the Batang Toru Ecosystem.

* It has been estimated that 767 (CI: 231-1,597) individuals occur in the site.

* It has been estimated that 767 (CI: 231-1,597) individuals occur in the site.

= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->

= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->

 

The Batang Toru ecosystem is located in the province of North Sumatra, Indonesia. The site is the only place where the Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis) occurs (Wich et al. 2019). Rich in faunal biodiversity, 91 species have been recorded at the site, including tapirs, sun bears, serow, golden cat, and the very rare Sumatran tiger. Bird surveys conducted between 2003 and 2015 have documented 311 species at the site. Although there are areas within Batang Toru that are protected, there are key areas that are still not protected ([https://www.batangtoru.org/ Batang Toru]).

The Batang Toru ecosystem is located in the province of North Sumatra, Indonesia. The site is the only place where the Tapanuli orangutan (Pongo tapanuliensis) occurs (Wich et al. 2019). Rich in faunal biodiversity, 91 species have been recorded at the site, including tapirs, sun bears, serow, golden cat, and the very rare Sumatran tiger. Bird surveys conducted between 2003 and 2015 have documented 311 species at the site. Although there are areas within Batang Toru that are protected, there are key areas that are still not protected ([https://www.batangtoru.org/ Batang Toru]).

= Threats =    <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats -->

= Threats =    <!-- a text overview of threats, followed by a table of key threats -->

 

'''Table 3. Threats to apes in Batang Toru Ecosystem'''

'''Table 3. Threats to apes in Batang Toru Ecosystem'''

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= Conservation activities =      <!-- A summary of the conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->

= Conservation activities =      <!-- A summary of the conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->

 

Since 2005, the Sumatran Orangutan Conservation Programme ([https://www.sumatranorangutan.org/our-work/habitat-protection/batang-toru-ecosystem/ SOCP]) has worked towards the protection of Batang Toru. After a decade, SOCP has succeeded in establishing protected status for a large proportion of the forests. SOCP works with the Forestry Department of Indonesia to establish management in the field through their Forest Management Unit. SOCP also implements community awareness and education programmes with the communities living near the forest edge and local schools ([https://www.sumatranorangutan.org/our-work/habitat-protection/batang-toru-ecosystem/ SOCP]).

Since 2005, the Sumatran Orangutan Conservation Programme ([https://www.sumatranorangutan.org/our-work/habitat-protection/batang-toru-ecosystem/ SOCP]) has worked towards the protection of Batang Toru. After a decade, SOCP has succeeded in establishing protected status for a large proportion of the forests. SOCP works with the Forestry Department of Indonesia to establish management in the field through their Forest Management Unit. SOCP also implements community awareness and education programmes with the communities living near the forest edge and local schools ([https://www.sumatranorangutan.org/our-work/habitat-protection/batang-toru-ecosystem/ SOCP]).

The People Resources and Conservation Foundation ([https://prcfoundation.org/prcf-indonesia/our-team/ PRCF]) in partnership with the local grassroots NGO Sumatran Rainforest Institute ([http://sumatranrainforest.org/ SRI]) is implementing an ARCUS supported community-based corridor program in South Tapanuli in liaison with five stakeholder villages, aiming to maintain forest cover between Sibual Buali Nature Reserve and the West Block of the Batang Toru Ecosystem and increase the tolerance towards orangutans in a shared landscape matrix. This corridor program is designed to prevent genetic isolation of orangutans as well as other endangered arboreal species such as Siamang and Agile Gibbons that otherwise become stranded in Sibual Buali Nature Reserve. The PRCF-SRI consortium is working on mitigating human-orangutan conflict and land conversion through working hand in hand with stakeholder communities in the corridor landscape in order to establish a landscape matrix in which orangutans are tolerated and free to disperse through. The program is planning to bolster already existing traditional agroforestry practices and strengthen customary forest management regimes to maintain a patchwork of different land use gradients ranging from natural forest to intensively managed agroforests. To mitigate the livelihood impacts of crop raiding (especially during the durian season) and in turn change attitudes towards orangutans the program aims to establish Village Self-help Groups and farmer cooperatives that benefit from better market connections for “orangutan-friendly" produce (e.g. coffee, cocoa, vanilla). The overall long-term aim is to promote environmental stewardship by local stakeholder communities through institutional capacity building to sustainably manage a landscape that is functioning as an ecological corridor for the critically endangered Tapanuli Orangutan and at the same time is the livelihood source for local people.

The People Resources and Conservation Foundation ([https://prcfoundation.org/prcf-indonesia/our-team/ PRCF]) in partnership with the local grassroots NGO Sumatran Rainforest Institute ([http://sumatranrainforest.org/ SRI]) is implementing an ARCUS supported community-based corridor program in South Tapanuli in liaison with five stakeholder villages, aiming to maintain forest cover between Sibual Buali Nature Reserve and the West Block of the Batang Toru Ecosystem and increase the tolerance towards orangutans in a shared landscape matrix. This corridor program is designed to prevent genetic isolation of orangutans as well as other endangered arboreal species such as Siamang and Agile Gibbons that otherwise become stranded in Sibual Buali Nature Reserve. The PRCF-SRI consortium is working on mitigating human-orangutan conflict and land conversion through working hand in hand with stakeholder communities in the corridor landscape in order to establish a landscape matrix in which orangutans are tolerated and free to disperse through. The program is planning to bolster already existing traditional agroforestry practices and strengthen customary forest management regimes to maintain a patchwork of different land use gradients ranging from natural forest to intensively managed agroforests. To mitigate the livelihood impacts of crop raiding (especially during the durian season) and in turn change attitudes towards orangutans the program aims to establish Village Self-help Groups and farmer cooperatives that benefit from better market connections for “orangutan-friendly'' produce (e.g. coffee, cocoa, vanilla). The overall long-term aim is to promote environmental stewardship by local stakeholder communities through institutional capacity building to sustainably manage a landscape that is functioning as an ecological corridor for the critically endangered Tapanuli Orangutan and at the same time is the livelihood source for local people.

'''Table 4. Conservation activities in Batang Toru Ecosystem'''

'''Table 4. Conservation activities in Batang Toru Ecosystem'''