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[[West Africa]] > [[Liberia]] > [[Gbi Proposed Protected Area]]

[[West Africa]] > [[Liberia]] > [[Gbi Proposed Protected Area]]

= Summary =  <!-- An overview of the site, with a one sentence overview of each of the following sections. can include a site map -->

= Summary =  <!-- An overview of the site, with a one sentence overview of each of the following sections. can include a site map -->

* Western chimpanzees ([https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15935/17989872 ''Pan troglodytes verus'']) are present in Gbi Proposed Protected Area.  

* Western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus'') are present in Gbi Proposed Protected Area.  

* The population size is unknown.  

* The population size is unknown.  

* The chimpanzee population trend is unknown.  

* The chimpanzee population trend is unknown.  

Gbi Proposed Protected Area is located in a lowly populated and densely forested area of Grand Gedeh county, about 15 kilometers west of the county capital city Zwedru. Gbi Proposed Protected Area is an area of largely undeveloped closed dense forest and is unique in that it remains the largest area most distant from settlements in all of Liberia. This is one of the best sites for the endangered red colobus ''Piliocolobus badius'', the endangered pygmy hippopotamus ''Choeropsis liberiensis'' and the vulnerable zebra duiker ''Cephalophus zebra''. The national chimpanzee survey (Tweh et al. 2014) and subsequent data analysis indicates that this area supports a large population of the critically endangered western chimpanzees and has large mammal species diversity (Johnson 2015, Junker et al. 2015). Additional community forest applications overlapping with Krahn-Bassa Proposed Protected Area (KBPPA), which includes the entire continuous forest block and which Gbi Proposed Protected Area forms part of, poses a serious threat to this site. The decision about the community forest applications and whether they will be considered despite their overlap with the proposed protected area shall be taken after the final presentation of results from the feasibility study. While in the meantime additional funding was acquired by the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation for the pre-gazettement of KBPPA, respective activities can only fully start once the extent and status of the future protected area have been confirmed by the Forestry Development Authority.

Gbi Proposed Protected Area is located in a lowly populated and densely forested area of Grand Gedeh county, about 15 kilometers west of the county capital city Zwedru. Gbi Proposed Protected Area is an area of largely undeveloped closed dense forest and is unique in that it remains the largest area most distant from settlements in all of Liberia. This is one of the best sites for the endangered red colobus ''Piliocolobus badius'', the endangered pygmy hippopotamus ''Choeropsis liberiensis'' and the vulnerable zebra duiker ''Cephalophus zebra''. The national chimpanzee survey (Tweh et al. 2014) and subsequent data analysis indicates that this area supports a large population of the critically endangered western chimpanzees and has large mammal species diversity (Johnson 2015, Junker et al. 2015). Additional community forest applications overlapping with Krahn-Bassa Proposed Protected Area (KBPPA), which includes the entire continuous forest block and which Gbi Proposed Protected Area forms part of, poses a serious threat to this site. The decision about the community forest applications and whether they will be considered despite their overlap with the proposed protected area shall be taken after the final presentation of results from the feasibility study. While in the meantime additional funding was acquired by the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation for the pre-gazettement of KBPPA, respective activities can only fully start once the extent and status of the future protected area have been confirmed by the Forestry Development Authority.

 

'''Table 1. Basic site information for Gbi Proposed Protected Area'''

'''Table 1: Basic site information for Gbi Proposed Protected Area'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"

|Area            <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha    -->

|Area            <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha    -->

|-

|-

|Coordinates

|Coordinates

|6.00 N, 8.53 W

|6.00, -8.53

|-

|-

|Designation      <!-- National Park, Nature Reserve, etc.  -->

|Designation      <!-- National Park, Nature Reserve, etc.  -->

The nationwide chimpanzee abundance model predicted chimpanzees to be present at this site (Tweh et al. 2014). More specifically, teams found signs of chimpanzee presence, including nests, feeding remains, and nut-cracking sites in the north-eastern area of Gbi while walking a reconnaissance path (“recce”) - only about 16 kilometers away from the city Zwedru. Further analysis of the nationwide dataset revealed that Gbi Proposed Protected Area was located in an area ranked highest in terms of chimpanzee density, and mammal and tree diversity (Junker et al. 2015). A feasibility study for Gbi Proposed Protected Area was conducted by the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation and completed in 2019 (Riedel pers. comm. 2019). This study had two components: a camera trap survey focusing on key conservation species and a socio-economic survey implemented by WCF’s consortium partner Fawlkes Consulting. The socio-economic survey was conducted in February-March 2019 and the camera trap survey in April 2019. During the camera trap survey threatened key species, such as forest elephants ''Loxodonta africana'' and pygmy hippopotamus ''Choeropsis liberiensis'' were recorded. However, the final results of the camera trap study have not yet been analyzed and are not available.

The nationwide chimpanzee abundance model predicted chimpanzees to be present at this site (Tweh et al. 2014). More specifically, teams found signs of chimpanzee presence, including nests, feeding remains, and nut-cracking sites in the north-eastern area of Gbi while walking a reconnaissance path (“recce”) - only about 16 kilometers away from the city Zwedru. Further analysis of the nationwide dataset revealed that Gbi Proposed Protected Area was located in an area ranked highest in terms of chimpanzee density, and mammal and tree diversity (Junker et al. 2015). A feasibility study for Gbi Proposed Protected Area was conducted by the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation and completed in 2019 (Riedel pers. comm. 2019). This study had two components: a camera trap survey focusing on key conservation species and a socio-economic survey implemented by WCF’s consortium partner Fawlkes Consulting. The socio-economic survey was conducted in February-March 2019 and the camera trap survey in April 2019. During the camera trap survey threatened key species, such as forest elephants ''Loxodonta africana'' and pygmy hippopotamus ''Choeropsis liberiensis'' were recorded. However, the final results of the camera trap study have not yet been analyzed and are not available.

 

'''Table 2. Great ape population estimates in Gbi Proposed Protected Area'''

'''Table 2: Great ape population estimates in Gbi Proposed Protected Area'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"

! Species

! Species

! Year

! Year

! Abundance estimate (95% confidence interval)

! Abundance estimate (95% CI)

! Density estimate (per km²)

! Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)

! Encounter rate (nests/km)

! Encounter rate (nests/km)

! Area

! Area

'''Table 3: Threats to great apes in Gbi Proposed Protected Area'''

'''Table 3. Threats to great apes in Gbi Proposed Protected Area'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"

!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->

!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->

A camera trap- and a socio-economic survey were conducted by the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation in 2019 (Riedel pers. comm. 2019).

A camera trap- and a socio-economic survey were conducted by the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation in 2019 (Riedel pers. comm. 2019).

 

'''Table 4. Conservation activities in Gbi Proposed Protected Area'''

'''Table 4: Conservation activities in Gbi Proposed Protected Area'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"

!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->

!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->

[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]

[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]

= Impediments = <!-- Overview of impediments to ape conservation -->

= Challenges = <!-- Overview of impediments to ape conservation -->

'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Gbi Proposed Protected Area'''

 

 

'''Table 5: Impediments reported for Gbi Proposed Protected Area'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="impediments-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="impediments-table"

!align="left"|Impediment  <!-- Do not change categories -->

!align="left"|Impediment  <!-- Do not change categories -->

In 2019, a camera trap- and a socio-economic survey were conducted by the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (Riedel pers. comm. 2019).  

In 2019, a camera trap- and a socio-economic survey were conducted by the Wild Chimpanzee Foundation (Riedel pers. comm. 2019).  

===Documented behaviours===  <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->

===Documented behaviours===  <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->

Junker and her teams (unpubl. data) found nut-cracking sites with stone- and wood hammers and –anvils, as well as a termite mound that was broken/opened by chimpanzees on the northern fringes of Gbi Proposed Protected Area.

Junker and her teams (unpubl. data) found nut-cracking sites with stone- and wood hammers and –anvils, as well as a termite mound that was broken/opened by chimpanzees on the northern fringes of Gbi Proposed Protected Area.

 

'''Table 6. Great ape behaviors reported for Gbi Proposed Protected Area'''

'''Table 6: Great ape behaviors reported for Gbi Proposed Protected Area'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"

!align="left"|Behavior  <!-- Do not change categories -->

!align="left"|Behavior  <!-- Do not change categories -->

|Junker unpubl. data

|Junker unpubl. data

|}

|}

= References =

= References =

'''Page completed by:''' A.P.E.S. Wiki Team '''Date:''' 11/10/2019  <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->

'''Page completed by:''' A.P.E.S. Wiki Team '''Date:''' 11/10/2019  <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->

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