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Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area (view source)
Revision as of 05:56, 21 September 2022
, 05:56, 21 September 2022no edit summary
to the relevant table or keyword list. This ensures that the same keyword always refers to the same concept, e.g. Everybody uses "Industrial mining",
to the relevant table or keyword list. This ensures that the same keyword always refers to the same concept, e.g. Everybody uses "Industrial mining",
rather than several keywords such as "Industrial mining", "Large-scale mining", and "Mining".
rather than several keywords such as "Industrial mining", "Large-scale mining", and "Mining".
[[File: Map_LBR_MargibiMangrove_PPA_WGS84.png | 400px | thumb| right | Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area (Liberia) © A.P.E.S. Wiki Team]]
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<!-- Please add information for this site -->
<!-- Please add information for this site -->
[[West Africa]] > [[Liberia]] > [[Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area]]
[[West Africa]] > [[Liberia]] > [[Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area]]
= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with a one sentence overview of each of the following sections. can include a site map -->
= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with a one sentence overview of each of the following sections. can include a site map -->
<div style="float: right">
* Western chimpanzees ([https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15935/17989872 ''Pan troglodytes verus'']) are present in Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area.
{{#display_map: height=200px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap
|6.160000, -10.370000~[[Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area]]~Western Chimpanzee
}}
</div>
* Western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus'') are present in Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area.
* It has been estimated that more than 60 individuals occur at the site.
* It has been estimated that more than 60 individuals occur at the site.
* The chimpanzee population trend is unknown.
* The chimpanzee population trend is unknown.
* The chimpanzees on Marshall Island depend on a team of caretakers for survival, as there is no food or fresh water on the islands.
* The chimpanzees on Marshall Island depend on a team of caretakers for survival, as there is no food or fresh water on the islands.
* Margibi Mangrove forms part of a Key Biodiversity Area (KBA) spanning Kpelle Forest and Lorma National Forest.
* Margibi Mangrove forms part of a Key Biodiversity Area (KBA) spanning Kpelle Forest and Lorma National Forest.
= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->
= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->
Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area is an important mangrove area and estuary of the Junk and Farmington Rivers, Margibi Mangrove is home to the Liberia Chimpanzee Colony (Johnson 2015). The area has approximately 35 kilometers of Atlantic coastline. The six islands on the wetland have been used by New York Blood Center (NYBC) who established a chimpanzee virus laboratory in West Africa in 1974. One of the purposes of VILAB II, at the Liberian Institute for Biomedical Research in Robertsfield, Liberia, was to develop the hepatitis B vaccine in chimpanzees. Chimpanzees were captured from various parts of West Africa and brought to [http://aaccliberia.blogspot.com/2013/02/climate-change-impact-on-marshall.html VILAB]. When the lab closed down in 2005, the remaining chimpanzees were released on islands in Marshall Wetland. Currently, more 60 chimpanzees inhabit the islands. Their originals carers, many of whom have worked with the chimps since the 1970s, were paid to take them food and water every other day. Then, at the height of the Ebola epidemic in 2014, the caretakers stopped going to the island and the apes began to starve. In 2015, the Humane Society decided to take on the care of the chimps and in 2017 the NYBC pledged £5million to pay for their future food and medical needs.
Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area is an important mangrove area and estuary of the Junk and Farmington Rivers, Margibi Mangrove is home to the Liberia Chimpanzee Colony (Johnson 2015). The area has approximately 35 kilometres of Atlantic coastline. The six islands on the wetland have been used by New York Blood Center (NYBC) who established a chimpanzee virus laboratory in West Africa in 1974. One of the purposes of VILAB II, at the Liberian Institute for Biomedical Research in Robertsfield, Liberia, was to develop the hepatitis B vaccine in chimpanzees. Chimpanzees were captured from various parts of West Africa and brought to [http://aaccliberia.blogspot.com/2013/02/climate-change-impact-on-marshall.html VILAB]. When the lab closed down in 2005, the remaining chimpanzees were released on islands in Marshall Wetland. Currently, more than 60 chimpanzees inhabit the islands. Their original carers, many of whom have worked with the chimps since the 1970s, were paid to take them food and water every other day. Then, at the height of the Ebola epidemic in 2014, the caretakers stopped going to the island and the apes began to starve. In 2015, the Humane Society decided to take on the care of the chimps and in 2017 the NYBC pledged £5 million to pay for their future food and medical needs.
'''Table 1: Basic site information for Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area'''
'''Table 1. Basic site information for Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"
|Area <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha -->
|Area <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha -->
|-
|-
|Coordinates
|Coordinates
|6.16 N, 10.37 W
|6.160000, -10.370000
|-
|-
|Designation <!-- National Park, Nature Reserve, etc. -->
|Designation <!-- National Park, Nature Reserve, etc. -->
|}
|}
[http://www.unitar.org/hiroshima/sites/unitar.org.hiroshima/files/Annex%201%20-%20IUCN%20Classification%20Schemes.pdf IUCN habitat categories] [[Site designations]]
[http://www.unitar.org/hiroshima/sites/unitar.org.hiroshima/files/Annex%201%20-%20IUCN%20Classification%20Schemes.pdf IUCN habitat categories] [[Site designations]]
= Ape status = <!-- a text overview of ape status (population sizes, trends etc), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->
= Ape status = <!-- a text overview of ape status (population sizes, trends etc), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->
No information was found about how many chimpanzees were initially released on the islands. Apparently, 63 chimpanzees currently still inhabit the islands. They are taken care of by staff of the Humane Society, financed by the NYBC after much public outcry in 2015, when NYBCs original funding to care for the released lab chimpanzees ran out [https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4342004/Chimps-left-starve-monkey-island-thriving.html Mail Online].
No information was found about how many chimpanzees were initially released on the islands. Apparently, 63 chimpanzees currently still inhabit the islands. They are taken care of by staff of the Humane Society, financed by the NYBC after much public outcry in 2015, when NYBCs original funding to care for the released lab chimpanzees ran out [https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-4342004/Chimps-left-starve-monkey-island-thriving.html Mail Online].
'''Table 2. Great ape population estimates in Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area'''
'''Table 2: Great ape population estimates in Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"
! Species
! Species
! Year
! Year
! Abundance estimate (95% confidence interval)
! Abundance estimate (95% CI)
! Density estimate (per km²)
! Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
! Encounter rate (nests/km)
! Encounter rate (nests/km)
! Area
! Area
The chimpanzees who are trapped on the islands (which is artificial habitat for them) depend on humans to bring them food and drinking water on a daily basis for survival. If funding ends or if there is nobody taking care of them, they will die of thirst or starve to death.
The chimpanzees who are trapped on the islands (which is artificial habitat for them) depend on humans to bring them food and drinking water on a daily basis for survival. If funding ends or if there is nobody taking care of them, they will die of thirst or starve to death.
'''Table 3. Threats to great apes in Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area'''
'''Table 3: Threats to great apes in Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"
!align="left"|Category <!-- Do not change threat categories -->
!align="left"|Category <!-- Do not change threat categories -->
= Conservation activities = <!-- a text overview of conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->
= Conservation activities = <!-- a text overview of conservation activities, followed by a table of key activities -->
Although chimpanzee reintroduction/translocation and rehabilitation are conservation activities listed for primates (Junker et al. 2017), we refrain from listing the release of the Liberian laboratory chimpanzees on Marshall islands as a conservation activity, as this was a way for the NYBC to allow these chimpanzees to “retire” from the invasive research that was done on them in the center for more than 30 years. It was not conservation activity per se.
Although chimpanzee reintroduction/translocation and rehabilitation are conservation activities listed for primates (Junker et al. 2017), we refrain from listing the release of the Liberian laboratory chimpanzees on Marshall islands as a conservation activity, as this was a way for the NYBC to allow these chimpanzees to “retire” from the invasive research that was done on them in the center for more than 30 years. It was not a conservation activity per se.
'''Table 4: Conservation activities in Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area'''
'''Table 4. Conservation activities in Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"
!align="left"|Category <!-- Do not change threat categories -->
!align="left"|Category <!-- Do not change threat categories -->
[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]
[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]
= Impediments = <!-- Overview of impediments to ape conservation -->
= Challenges = <!-- Overview of impediments to ape conservation -->
No information on impediments has been documented.
No information on impediments has been documented.
'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area'''
'''Table 5: Impediments reported for Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="impediments-table"
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="impediments-table"
!align="left"|Impediment <!-- Do not change categories -->
!align="left"|Impediment <!-- Do not change categories -->
No information on research activities has been documented.
No information on research activities has been documented.
===Documented behaviours=== <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->
===Documented behaviours=== <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->
'''Table 6. Great ape behaviors reported for Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area'''
'''Table 6: Great ape behaviors reported for Margibi Mangrove Proposed Protected Area'''
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"
!align="left"|Behavior <!-- Do not change categories -->
!align="left"|Behavior <!-- Do not change categories -->
|
|
|}
|}
= References =
= References =
'''Page completed by:''' A.P.E.S. Wiki Team '''Date:''' 25/10/2019 <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->
'''Page completed by:''' A.P.E.S. Wiki Team '''Date:''' 25/10/2019 <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->
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