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[[West Africa]] > [[Republic of Guinea]] > [[Seringbara]]

[[West Africa]] > [[Republic of Guinea]] > [[Seringbara]]

 

[[File: Map_GIN_Seringbara.png | 400px | thumb| right | Seringbara (Guinea) © A.P.E.S. Wiki Team]]

{{#display_map: height=200px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap

 

|7.63, -8.46~[[Seringbara]]~Western Chimpanzee

= Summary =  <!-- An overview of the site, with a one sentence overview of each of the following sections. can include a site map -->

= Summary =  <!-- An overview of the site, with a one sentence overview of each of the following sections. can include a site map -->

[[File:Seringbara_Koops.JPG|500px|thumb|right|Seringbara © Kathelijne Koops]]

[[File:Seringbara_Koops.JPG|500px|thumb|right|Seringbara © Kathelijne Koops]]

* Western chimpanzees ([https://www.iucnredlist.org/species/15935/17989872 ''Pan troglodytes verus'']) are present in Seringbara.  

* Western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus'') are present in Seringbara.  

* It has been estimated that more than 100 individuals reside in two communities (Koops et al. in prep.).

* It has been estimated that more than 100 individuals reside in two communities (Koops et al. in prep.).

* The chimpanzee population trend is unknown.  

* The chimpanzee population trend is unknown.  

* Conservation activities include environmental education, snare removal, and local community projects.   

* Conservation activities include environmental education, snare removal, and local community projects.   

* Seringbara permanent chimpanzee research site was established in 2003.

* Seringbara permanent chimpanzee research site was established in 2003.

= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->

= Site characteristics = <!-- A paragraph summary of physical and geographic aspects of the site, and a table of key information -->

The Seringbara research area is located within the Mont Nimba Strict Nature Reserve on the western side of the Nimba Massif in southeastern Guinea. The area is adjacent to the village of Seringbara, approximately 6 km from Bossou, Guinea and 10 km from Yealé, Cote d’Ivoire (Koops 2011). It is separated from the Bossou hills by a 4 km stretch of savanna, an area that has been the focus of reforestation efforts by the Green Corridor Project. The Seringbara research area is largely composed of primary tropical forests, but as the terrain becomes steeper, it transitions to a mosaic of terrestrial herbaceous vegetations, montane forest, and high-altitude grasslands (Koops 2011; Fitzgerald et al 2018). The elevation ranges from 595 to 1520 m and the climate is characterized by a rainy season (February to October) and a 3-month dry season (November to February, Koops et al. 2012a, b; Koops et al. 2013).  

The Seringbara research area is located within the Mont Nimba Strict Nature Reserve on the western side of the Nimba Massif in southeastern Guinea. The area is adjacent to the village of Seringbara, approximately 6 km from Bossou, Guinea and 10 km from Yealé, Cote d’Ivoire (Koops 2011). It is separated from the Bossou hills by a 4 km stretch of savanna, an area that has been the focus of reforestation efforts by the Green Corridor Project. The Seringbara research area is largely composed of primary tropical forests, but as the terrain becomes steeper, it transitions to a mosaic of terrestrial herbaceous vegetations, montane forest, and high-altitude grasslands (Koops 2011; Fitzgerald et al 2018). The elevation ranges from 595 to 1520 m and the climate is characterized by a rainy season (February to October) and a 3-month dry season (November to February, Koops et al. 2012a, b; Koops et al. 2013).  

 

'''Table 1. Basic site information for Seringbara'''

'''Table 1: Basic site information for Seringbara'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="basic-information"

|Area            <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha    -->

|Area            <!-- Please include units: km2/ha e.g 200ha    -->

|-

|-

|Coordinates

|Coordinates

|7.63 N, 8.46 W

|7.63, -8.46

|-

|-

|Designation      <!-- National Park, Nature Reserve, etc.  -->

|Designation      <!-- National Park, Nature Reserve, etc.  -->

|Subtropical/Tropical moist forest

|Subtropical/Tropical moist forest

|}

|}

[http://www.unitar.org/hiroshima/sites/unitar.org.hiroshima/files/Annex%201%20-%20IUCN%20Classification%20Schemes.pdf IUCN habitat categories]  [[Site designations]]

[https://www.iucnredlist.org/resources/habitat-classification-scheme IUCN habitat categories]  [[Site designations]]

= Ape status =  <!-- a text overview of ape status (population sizes, trends etc), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->

= Ape status =  <!-- a text overview of ape status (population sizes, trends etc), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->

Since 1976, several surveys have been conducted in the Seringbara region by Sugiyama, who visited the area at least four times to interview the local population on chimpanzees, suggesting chimpanzees were present in the area. During his visits he also did two field surveys of the area (Shimada 2000). Shimada confirmed the presence of chimpanzees by recorded vocalizations and the presence of nests in 1999 (Shimada 2000). While it was at first thought that chimpanzees use this area only seasonally, more systematic surveys in 2000 and 2001 established the presence of at least one chimpanzee community (Humle & Matsuzawa 2001). Since 2003, Kathelijne Koops (in collaboration with Kyoto University Primate Research Institute, KUPRI) has directed research at the Seringbara study site and researchers and field assistants have maintained a near-constant presence at the site. The study population remains partly habituated to human observers. For more information on the study site, see Koops (2011) and Koops et al (2007; 2012a, b; 2013; 2015, 2019). With the establishment of the permanent research site in 2003 the presence of at least two chimpanzee communities was confirmed and chimpanzee density estimated at 1.72 individuals/km2 (Koops 2011). Genetic analyses are currently ongoing and include 707 chimpanzee faecal samples collected at the Seringbara study site between 2003-2014 (Koops et al. in prep.).

Since 1976, several surveys have been conducted in the Seringbara region by Sugiyama, who visited the area at least four times to interview the local population on chimpanzees, suggesting chimpanzees were present in the area. During his visits he also did two field surveys of the area (Shimada 2000). Shimada confirmed the presence of chimpanzees by recorded vocalizations and the presence of nests in 1999 (Shimada 2000). While it was at first thought that chimpanzees use this area only seasonally, more systematic surveys in 2000 and 2001 established the presence of at least one chimpanzee community (Humle & Matsuzawa 2001). Since 2003, Kathelijne Koops (in collaboration with Kyoto University Primate Research Institute, KUPRI) has directed research at the Seringbara study site and researchers and field assistants have maintained a near-constant presence at the site. The study population remains partly habituated to human observers. For more information on the study site, see Koops (2011) and Koops et al (2007; 2012a, b; 2013; 2015, 2019). With the establishment of the permanent research site in 2003 the presence of at least two chimpanzee communities was confirmed and chimpanzee density estimated at 1.72 individuals/km2 (Koops 2011). Genetic analyses are currently ongoing and include 707 chimpanzee faecal samples collected at the Seringbara study site between 2003-2014 (Koops et al. in prep.).

 

'''Table 2. Ape population estimates in Seringbara'''

'''Table 2: Great ape population estimates in Seringbara'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="population-estimate-table"

! Species

! Species

! Year

! Year

! Abundance estimate (95% confidence interval)

! Abundance estimate (95% CI)

! Density estimate (per km²)

! Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)

! Encounter rate (nests/km)

! Encounter rate (nests/km)

! Area

! Area

Threats to chimpanzees in Seringbara include mining, habitat encroachment, poaching, and disease (Table 3, see also: Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve, Guinea).

Threats to chimpanzees in Seringbara include mining, habitat encroachment, poaching, and disease (Table 3, see also: Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve, Guinea).

 

'''Table 3. Threats to great apes in Seringbara'''

'''Table 3: Threats to great apes in Seringbara'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="threats-table"

!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->

!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->

|-

|-

|2. Agriculture & aquaculture

|2. Agriculture & aquaculture

|2.1. Annual & Perennial Non-Timber Crops

|2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops

|High

|High

|

|

|-

|-

|3. Energy production & mining

|3. Energy production & mining

|3.2. Mining & Quarrying

|3.2 Mining & quarrying

|High

|High

|

|

|-

|-

|4. Transportation & service corridors

|4. Transportation & service corridors

|4.1. Roads & railroads

|4.1 Roads & railroads

|High

|High

|

|

|-

|-

|5. Biological resource use

|5. Biological resource use

|5.1. Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals

|5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals

|High

|High

|

|

|-

|-

|

|

|5.2. Gathering terrestrial plants

|5.2 Gathering terrestrial plants

|High

|High

|

|

|-

|-

|

|

|5.3. Logging & wood harvesting

|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting

|High

|High

|

|

|-

|-

|7. Natural system modifications

|7. Natural system modifications

|7.1. Fire & Fire suppression

|7.1 Fire & fire suppression

|Medium

|Medium

|

|

|-

|-

|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases

|8. Invasive & other problematic species, genes, diseases

|8.1. Invasive Non-Native/Alien Species/Disease

|8.1 Invasive non-native/alien species/disease

|Present

|Present

|

|

Conservation interventions at the Seringbara study site implemented by the Institut de Recherche Environnementale de Bossou (IREB) and Kyoto University Primate Research Institute (KUPRI) include environmental education, community projects, and snare removal [https://www.greencorridor.info/en/field-info/nimba.html  www.greencorridor.info].

Conservation interventions at the Seringbara study site implemented by the Institut de Recherche Environnementale de Bossou (IREB) and Kyoto University Primate Research Institute (KUPRI) include environmental education, community projects, and snare removal [https://www.greencorridor.info/en/field-info/nimba.html  www.greencorridor.info].

 

'''Table 4. Conservation activities in Seringbara'''

'''Table 4: Conservation activities in Seringbara'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="conservation-actions-table"

!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->

!align="left"|Category  <!-- Do not change threat categories -->

[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]

[[Conservation activities list (Junker et al. 2017)]]

= Impediments = <!-- Overview of impediments to ape conservation -->

= Challenges = <!-- Overview of impediments to ape conservation -->

 

'''Table 5: Impediments reported for Seringbara'''

'''Table 5. Challenges reported for Seringbara'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="impediments-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="impediments-table"

!align="left"|Impediment <!-- Do not change categories -->

!align="left"|Challenge <!-- Do not change categories -->

!Source  <!-- source for impediment mentioned -->

!Source  <!-- source for impediment mentioned -->

|-

|-

Initial research at Seringbara focused on tool use behaviour by the Nimba chimpanzees especially in comparison to the chimpanzees at Bossou (e.g., Humle & Matsuzawa 2001, Koops 2011, Shimada 2000, Sugiyama 1995). Subsequently, Seringbara research broadened to include chimpanzee tool use patterns (Koops et al. 2013, 2015), feeding ecology (Koops 2011, Koops et al. 2013, 2019), grouping and ranging patterns (van Leeuwen et al. in press), nesting behaviour (Koops et al. 2007, 2012a,b), habitat suitability modeling (Fitzgerald et al. 2018), molecular genetics (Koops et al 2012b, Koops et al. in prep), nutritional analyses (Koops et al. 2019), land cover change analyses (Fitzgerald et al, in prep) and conservation strategies (Fitzgerald et al. in prep).

Initial research at Seringbara focused on tool use behaviour by the Nimba chimpanzees especially in comparison to the chimpanzees at Bossou (e.g., Humle & Matsuzawa 2001, Koops 2011, Shimada 2000, Sugiyama 1995). Subsequently, Seringbara research broadened to include chimpanzee tool use patterns (Koops et al. 2013, 2015), feeding ecology (Koops 2011, Koops et al. 2013, 2019), grouping and ranging patterns (van Leeuwen et al. in press), nesting behaviour (Koops et al. 2007, 2012a,b), habitat suitability modeling (Fitzgerald et al. 2018), molecular genetics (Koops et al 2012b, Koops et al. in prep), nutritional analyses (Koops et al. 2019), land cover change analyses (Fitzgerald et al, in prep) and conservation strategies (Fitzgerald et al. in prep).

===Documented behaviours===  <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->

===Documented behaviours===  <!-- List of any behaviours observed at the site, including citations -->

 

'''Table 6. Great ape behaviors reported for Seringbara'''

'''Table 6: Great ape behaviors reported for Seringbara'''

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"

{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="behaviors-table"

!align="left"|Behavior  <!-- Do not change categories -->

!align="left"|Behavior  <!-- Do not change categories -->

|}

|}

= References =

= References =

The chimpanzees of Bossou and Nimba (2019) Green Corridor Project – Nimba, Online [https://www.greencorridor.info/en/field-info/nimba.html  www.greencorridor.info]<br>

The chimpanzees of Bossou and Nimba (2019) Green Corridor Project – Nimba, Online [https://www.greencorridor.info/en/field-info/nimba.html  www.greencorridor.info]<br>

'''Page completed by:''' A.P.E.S. Wiki Team, Kathelijne Koops & Maegan Fitzgerald '''Date:''' 02/12/2019  <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->

'''Page completed by:''' A.P.E.S. Wiki Team, Kathelijne Koops & Maegan Fitzgerald '''Date:''' 02/12/2019  <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->

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