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= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with one sentence for each section. May include a site map -->
= Summary = <!-- An overview of the site, with one sentence for each section. May include a site map -->
<div style="float: right">
{{#display_map: height=200px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap
|7.051510, 5.436220~[[Ala Forest Reserve]]~Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees
}}
</div>
* Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes ellioti'') have been present in Ala Forest Reserve.
* Nigeria-Cameroon chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes ellioti'') have been present in Ala Forest Reserve.
* Chimpanzees are extinct or nearly extinct at the site.
* Chimpanzees are extinct or nearly extinct at the site.
|-
|-
|Coordinates
|Coordinates
|7.067219, 5.421981
|7.051510, 5.436220
|-
|-
|Designation
|Designation
= Ape status = <!--An overview of ape population status (population sizes, trends, etc.), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->
= Ape status = <!--An overview of ape population status (population sizes, trends, etc.), followed by a table of specific surveys and results -->
Chimpanzees are extinct or nearly extinct in Ala Forest Reserve (Greengrass 2006). During a 2006 survey, no chimpanzees, nor signs of chimpanzees, were encountered (Greengrass 2006).
Chimpanzees are extinct or nearly extinct in Ala Forest Reserve. During a 2006 survey, no chimpanzees, nor signs of chimpanzees, were encountered (Greengrass 2006).
'''Table 2. Ape population estimates in Ala Forest Reserve'''
'''Table 2. Ape population estimates in Ala Forest Reserve'''
|}
|}
= Exposure to climate change impacts =
=External links=
As part of a study on the exposure of African great ape sites to climate change impacts, Kiribou et al. (2024) extracted climate data and data on projected extreme climate impact events for the site. Climatological characteristics were derived from observation-based climate data provided by the Inter-Sectoral Impact Model Intercomparison Project (ISIMIP, www.isimip.org). Parameters were calculated as the average across each 30-year period. For 1981-2010, the EWEMBI dataset from ISIMIP2a was used. For the two future periods (2021-2050 and 2071-2099) ISIMIP2b climate data based on four CMIP5 global climate models were used. For future projections, two Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) were used. RCP 2.6 is a scenario with strong mitigation measures in which global temperatures would likely rise below 2°C. RCP 6.0 is a scenario with medium emissions in which global temperatures would likely rise up to 3°C by 2100. For the number of days with heavy precipitation events, the 98th percentile of all precipitation days (>1mm/d) was calculated for the 1979-2013 reference period as a threshold for a heavy precipitation event. Then, for each year, the number of days above that threshold was derived. The figures on temperature and precipitation anomaly show the deviation from the mean temperature and mean precipitation for the 1979-2013 reference period.
The estimated exposure to future extreme climate impact events (crop failure, drought, river flood, wildfire, tropical cyclone, and heatwave) is based on a published dataset by Lange et al. 2020 derived from ISIMIP2b data. The same global climate models and RCPs as described above were used. Within each 30-year period, the number of years with an extreme event and the average proportion of the site affected were calculated (Kiribou et al. 2024).
'''Table 7. Estimated past and projected climatological characteristics in Ala FR'''
{| border='1' cellpadding='5' cellspacing='0' class='EE-table'
|
|'''1981-2010'''
|'''2021-2050, RCP 2.6'''
|'''2021-2050, RCP 6.0'''
|'''2071-2099, RCP 2.6'''
|'''2071-2099, RCP 6.0'''
|-
|Mean temperature [°C]
|26.3
|27.4
|27.2
|27.6
|28.6
|-
|Annual precipitation [mm]
|1679
|1715
|1732
|1687
|1757
|-
|Max no. consecutive dry days (per year)
|36.7
|43.1
|42.5
|42
|44.4
|-
|No. days with heavy precipitation (per year)
|6.2
|9.1
|9
|9.4
|10.4
|-
|}
'''Table 8. Projected exposure of apes to extreme climate impact events in Ala FR'''
{| border='1' cellpadding='5' cellspacing='0' class='EE-table'
|
|'''No. of years with event (2021-2050, RCP 2.6)'''
|'''% of site exposed (2021-2050, RCP 2.6)'''
|'''No. of years with event (2021-2050, RCP 6.0)'''
|'''% of site exposed (2021-2050, RCP 6.0)'''
|'''No. of years with event (2070-2099, RCP 2.6)'''
|'''% of site exposed (2070-2099, RCP 2.6)'''
|'''No. of years with event (2070-2099, RCP 6.0)'''
|'''% of site exposed (2070-2099, RCP 6.0)'''
|-
|Crop failure
|2.5
|2.56
|2.5
|2.74
|1
|2.95
|4.5
|2.95
|-
|Drought
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
|Heatwave
|6.5
|100
|7.5
|100
|5.5
|100
|7.5
|100
|-
|River flood
|1.5
|0.57
|1.5
|0.02
|0.5
|0.74
|3
|1.87
|-
|Tropical cyclone
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|0
|-
|Wildfire
|30
|0.47
|30
|0.47
|29
|0.47
|29
|0.46
|-
|}
= References =
= References =
Greengrass, E.J. (2006). A survey of chimpanzees in south-west Nigeria. Report to the NCF-WCS Biodiversity Research Programme. <br>
Greengrass, E.J. (2006). A survey of chimpanzees in south-west Nigeria. Report to the NCF-WCS Biodiversity Research Programme. <br>
Kiribou, R., Tehoda, P., Chukwu, O., Bempah, G., Kühl, H. S., Ferreira, J., ... & Heinicke, S. (2024). Exposure of African ape sites to climate change impacts. PLOS Climate, 3(2), e0000345.<br>
<br>
<br>
'''Page completed by: '''A.P.E.S. Wiki Team''' Date:''' 19/11/2020 <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->
'''Page completed by: '''A.P.E.S. Wiki Team''' Date:''' 19/11/2020 <!-- If you don't want to add your name, you can add "A.P.E.S. Wiki team" -->