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Grebo-Krahn National Park (view source)

Revision as of 09:52, 18 March 2025

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= Summary =
 
= Summary =
   −
<div style="float: right">{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap|5.66, -7.53~[[Grebo-Krahn National Park]]~Pan troglodytes verus}}</div>
+
<div style="float: right">{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap|5.66, -7.53~[[Grebo-Krahn National Park]]~'Pan troglodytes verus''}}</div>
 
* Western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus'') are present in Grebo-Krahn National Park.
 
* Western chimpanzees (''Pan troglodytes verus'') are present in Grebo-Krahn National Park.
 
* It has been estimated that 313 (CI: 186-449) individuals occur in the site.
 
* It has been estimated that 313 (CI: 186-449) individuals occur in the site.
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{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table"
 
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table"
 
|Species
 
|Species
−
|Pan troglodytes verus
+
|'Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|-
 
|-
 
|Area
 
|Area
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!Species
 
!Species
 
!Year
 
!Year
 +
!Occurrence
 +
!Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day)
 +
!Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
 
!Abundance estimate (95% CI)
 
!Abundance estimate (95% CI)
−
!Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
+
!Survey area
−
!Encounter rate (nests/km)
+
!Sampling method
−
!Area
+
!Analytical framework
−
!Method
   
!Source
 
!Source
 
!Comments
 
!Comments
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|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|2005
 
|2005
 +
|Present
 +
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
−
|Present
   
|Grebo National Forest
 
|Grebo National Forest
 
|Reconnaissance walk
 
|Reconnaissance walk
 +
|
 
|Barrie et al. 2007
 
|Barrie et al. 2007
 
|Camera traps and reconnaissance walk, nut-cracking sites and vocalizations
 
|Camera traps and reconnaissance walk, nut-cracking sites and vocalizations
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|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|2012
 
|2012
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|0.111
 
|412 (216-787)
 
|412 (216-787)
−
|0.111
  −
|
   
|Grebo National Forest
 
|Grebo National Forest
 
|Line transects
 
|Line transects
 +
|
 
|Kouakou et al. 2012
 
|Kouakou et al. 2012
 
|Total survey effort: 178.21 km
 
|Total survey effort: 178.21 km
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|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|2012
 
|2012
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|0.10
 
|352 (214-578)
 
|352 (214-578)
−
|0.10
  −
|
   
|Grebo National Forest
 
|Grebo National Forest
 
|Line transects
 
|Line transects
 +
|
 
|Tweh et al. 2014
 
|Tweh et al. 2014
 
|
 
|
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|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|2013
 
|2013
 +
|
 +
|
 +
|0.289
 
|341 (139-836)
 
|341 (139-836)
−
|0.289
  −
|
   
|Proposed Grebo-Krahn National Park (including Glaro Native Reserve)
 
|Proposed Grebo-Krahn National Park (including Glaro Native Reserve)
 
|Line transects
 
|Line transects
 +
|
 
|Kouakou et al. 2013
 
|Kouakou et al. 2013
 
|Total survey effort: 51.5 km
 
|Total survey effort: 51.5 km
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|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|2014
 
|2014
 +
|
 +
|0.91
 +
|0.161
 
|247 (155-396)
 
|247 (155-396)
−
|0.161
  −
|0.91
   
|Proposed Grebo-Krahn National Park (including Glaro Native Reserve)
 
|Proposed Grebo-Krahn National Park (including Glaro Native Reserve)
 
|Line transects
 
|Line transects
 +
|
 
|Kouakou et al. 2014
 
|Kouakou et al. 2014
 
|Total survey effort: 242.73 km
 
|Total survey effort: 242.73 km
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|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|''Pan troglodytes verus''
 
|2015
 
|2015
 +
|
 +
|1.01
 +
|0.230
 
|313 (186-449)
 
|313 (186-449)
−
|0.230
  −
|1.01
   
|Proposed Grebo-Krahn National Park (including Glaro Native Reserve)
 
|Proposed Grebo-Krahn National Park (including Glaro Native Reserve)
 
|Line transects
 
|Line transects
 +
|
 
|Furnell  et al. 2015
 
|Furnell  et al. 2015
 
|Total survey effort:  249.32 km
 
|Total survey effort:  249.32 km
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!Year of threat
 
!Year of threat
 
|-
 
|-
−
|1 Residential & commercial development
+
|12 Other threat
−
|1.1 Residential areas
+
|
−
|Low
+
|Absent
−
|Illegal settlements (Furnell et al. 2015)
+
|
−
|Ongoing (2015)
+
|
−
|-
  −
|2 Agriculture & aquaculture
  −
|2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops
  −
|Present
  −
|Farming activities, including cocoa production in southern areas of the park (Furnell et al. 2015, WCF 2017)
  −
|Ongoing (2017)
  −
|-
  −
|3 Energy production & mining
  −
|3.2 Mining & quarrying
  −
|Medium
  −
|Mining activities have increased (WCF 2017)
  −
|Ongoing (2017)
   
|-
 
|-
 
|4 Transportation & service corridors
 
|4 Transportation & service corridors
 
|4.1 Roads & railroads
 
|4.1 Roads & railroads
−
|High
+
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
 
|Logging roads and paths leading to mining, farming, and logging sites (Furnell et al. 2015)
 
|Logging roads and paths leading to mining, farming, and logging sites (Furnell et al. 2015)
 
|Ongoing (2015)
 
|Ongoing (2015)
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|5 Biological resource use
 
|5 Biological resource use
 
|5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals
 
|5.1 Hunting & collecting terrestrial animals
−
|High
+
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
 
|Although hunting levels decreased in 2015 due to the Ebola outbreak, hunting for bushmeat continues to be a main threat in the site (Barrie et al. 2007, WCF 2017)
 
|Although hunting levels decreased in 2015 due to the Ebola outbreak, hunting for bushmeat continues to be a main threat in the site (Barrie et al. 2007, WCF 2017)
 
|Ongoing (2017)
 
|Ongoing (2017)
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|5 Biological resource use
 
|5 Biological resource use
 
|5.2 Gathering terrestrial plants
 
|5.2 Gathering terrestrial plants
−
|High
+
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
 
|Harvest of chewing stick (roots of ''Garcinia spp.'' (WCF 2017)
 
|Harvest of chewing stick (roots of ''Garcinia spp.'' (WCF 2017)
 
|Ongoing (2017)
 
|Ongoing (2017)
 +
|-
 +
|6 Human intrusions & disturbance
 +
|6.3 Other human disturbances
 +
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
 +
|Human encroachment due to mining, hunting, farming activities, as well as harvesting of chewing stick (WCF 2017)
 +
|Ongoing (2017)
 +
|-
 +
|1 Residential & commercial development
 +
|1.1 Residential areas
 +
|Low (up to 30% of population affected)
 +
|Illegal settlements (Furnell et al. 2015)
 +
|Ongoing (2015)
 
|-
 
|-
 
|5 Biological resource use
 
|5 Biological resource use
 
|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
 
|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
−
|Low
+
|Low (up to 30% of population affected)
 
|Logging (Furnell et al. 2015)
 
|Logging (Furnell et al. 2015)
 
|Ongoing (2015)
 
|Ongoing (2015)
 
|-
 
|-
−
|6 Human intrusions & disturbance
+
|3 Energy production & mining
−
|6.3 Other human disturbances
+
|3.2 Mining & quarrying
−
|High
+
|Medium (30-70% of population affected)
−
|Human encroachment due to mining, hunting, farming activities, as well as harvesting of chewing stick (WCF 2017)
+
|Mining activities have increased (WCF 2017)
 +
|Ongoing (2017)
 +
|-
 +
|2 Agriculture & aquaculture
 +
|2.1 Annual & perennial non-timber crops
 +
|Present (unknown severity)
 +
|Farming activities, including cocoa production in southern areas of the park (Furnell et al. 2015, WCF 2017)
 
|Ongoing (2017)
 
|Ongoing (2017)
 
|-
 
|-
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|
 
|
 
|Unknown
 
|Unknown
−
|
  −
|
  −
|-
  −
|12 Other threat
  −
|
  −
|Absent
   
|
 
|
 
|
 
|
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|2.13 Provide sustainable alternative livelihoods; establish fish- or domestic meat farms
 
|2.13 Provide sustainable alternative livelihoods; establish fish- or domestic meat farms
 
|The WCF is supporting sustainable aquaculture activities in two communities next to the national park to increase revenues and supply an alternative to bushmeat (WCF 2018); in addition, farmers were trained in bee-keeping in 2018 by the Universal Outreach Foundation (WCF 2019)
 
|The WCF is supporting sustainable aquaculture activities in two communities next to the national park to increase revenues and supply an alternative to bushmeat (WCF 2018); in addition, farmers were trained in bee-keeping in 2018 by the Universal Outreach Foundation (WCF 2019)
−
|
  −
|Ongoing (2019)
  −
|-
  −
|5 Protection & restoration
  −
|5.9 Resettle illegal human communities (i.e., in a protected area) to another location
  −
|Community eco-guards report any illegal settlements (e.g., bushmeat tents) that they come across to the FDA (WCF 2019)
   
|
 
|
 
|Ongoing (2019)
 
|Ongoing (2019)
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|4.5 Implement multimedia campaigns using theatre, film, print media, discussions
 
|4.5 Implement multimedia campaigns using theatre, film, print media, discussions
 
|Theater plays to sensitize local communities to issues of wildlife protection and deforestation (WCF 2019)
 
|Theater plays to sensitize local communities to issues of wildlife protection and deforestation (WCF 2019)
 +
|
 +
|Ongoing (2019)
 +
|-
 +
|5 Protection & restoration
 +
|5.9 Resettle illegal human communities (i.e., in a protected area) to another location
 +
|Community eco-guards report any illegal settlements (e.g., bushmeat tents) that they come across to the FDA (WCF 2019)
 
|
 
|
 
|Ongoing (2019)
 
|Ongoing (2019)
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