duser, Administrators
731
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
no edit summary
Line 6:
Line 6:
!Method
|669 (CI: 623–759)
|-
−|5 Biological resource use
−|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
−|Present (severity unknown)
−|Habitat loss due to firewood and bamboo harvesting (Twinomugisha & Chapman 2006).
−|2006-Ongoing (2024)
|-
−|6 Human intrusions & disturbance
−|6.2 War, civil unrest & military exercises
−|Present (severity unknown)
−|During the civil war parts of Mgahinga National Park sometimes served as retreat areas for paramilitary units. Parts of the afro-alpine vegetation on the peaks of Mt. Gahinga and Muhavura were destroyed during the civil war (Karlowski 2004).
−|1990-1994
= Summary =
= Summary =
−<div style="float: right">{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap|-1.370292, 29.632708~[[Mgahinga Gorilla National Park]]~Gorilla beringei beringei}}</div>
+<div style="float: right">{{#display_map: height=190px | width=300px | scrollzoom=off | zoom=5 | layers= OpenStreetMap, OpenTopoMap|-1.370292, 29.632708~[[Mgahinga Gorilla National Park]]~'Gorilla beringei beringei''}}</div>
* Mountain gorillas (''Gorilla beringei beringei'') are present in Mgahinga Gorilla National Park.
* Mountain gorillas (''Gorilla beringei beringei'') are present in Mgahinga Gorilla National Park.
* The population size in the park is unknown; however, the site is part of the larger Virunga Massif, where a population size of 669 (CI: 623–759) individuals was estimated for 2016.
* The population size in the park is unknown; however, the site is part of the larger Virunga Massif, where a population size of 669 (CI: 623–759) individuals was estimated for 2016.
Line 22:
Line 22:
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table"
{| border="1" cellpadding="5" cellspacing="0" class="Site_characteristics-table"
|Species
|Species
−|Gorilla beringei beringei
+|'Gorilla beringei beringei''
|-
|-
|Area
|Area
Line 49:
Line 49:
!Species
!Species
!Year
!Year
+!Occurrence
+!Encounter or vistation rate (nests/km; ind/day)
+!Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
!Abundance estimate (95% CI)
!Abundance estimate (95% CI)
−!Density estimate [ind./ km²] (95% CI)
+!Survey area
−!Encounter rate (nests/km)
+!Sampling method
−!Area
+!Analytical framework
−!Source
!Source
!Comments
!Comments
Line 59:
Line 61:
|-
|-
|''Gorilla beringei beringei''
|''Gorilla beringei beringei''
+|
|
|
|
|
Line 65:
Line 68:
|Mgahinga Gorilla National Park
|Mgahinga Gorilla National Park
|Unknown
|Unknown
+|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
−|Gorilla beringei beringei
+|''Gorilla beringei beringei''
|2016
|2016
−|
|
|
|
+|
+|669 (CI: 623-759)
|Virunga Massif
|Virunga Massif
|Unknown
|Unknown
+|
|Granjon et al. 2020
|Granjon et al. 2020
|
|
Line 92:
Line 98:
!Description
!Description
!Year of threat
!Year of threat
+|-
+|12 Other threat
+|
+|Absent
+|
+|
|-
|-
|1 Residential & commercial development
|1 Residential & commercial development
|1.1 Residential areas
|1.1 Residential areas
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
|High (more than 70% of population affected)
−|Until 1992, people lived in what is now the protected area, where they farmed, logged and hunted (Karlowski 2004)
+|Until 1992, people lived in what is now the protected area, where they farmed, logged and hunted (Karlowski 2004).
|1992
|1992
|-
|-
Line 110:
Line 122:
|Livestock grazing in the site; settlers moved out along with 221 farms in 1992 (Karlowski 2004).
|Livestock grazing in the site; settlers moved out along with 221 farms in 1992 (Karlowski 2004).
|1989-1992
|1989-1992
−|-
|-
|5 Biological resource use
|5 Biological resource use
Line 122:
Line 128:
|Before conservation activities started, there was poaching in the area and hundreds of wire snares on paths to catch antelopes (Karlowski 2004).
|Before conservation activities started, there was poaching in the area and hundreds of wire snares on paths to catch antelopes (Karlowski 2004).
|1990
|1990
+|-
+|8 Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseases
+|8.4 Pathogens
+|High (more than 70% of population affected)
+|Risk of acquiring Covid-19 due to presence in the surrounding human population (Kungu et al. 2023). Evidence of human respiratory viruses, gastrointestinal parasites, and herpes viruses in the Virunga gorilla population exists. In addition, rabies, Ebola, and Marburg virus outbreaks occur in close proximity to the park (e.g. Mazet et al. 2020; Hassell et al. 2017; Smiley Evans et al. 2017; Petrzlkova et al. 2021, 2022).
+|Ongoing (2024)
|-
|-
|5 Biological resource use
|5 Biological resource use
Line 132:
Line 144:
|5.1.5 Persecution/human wildlife conflict
|5.1.5 Persecution/human wildlife conflict
|Low (up to 30% of population affected)
|Low (up to 30% of population affected)
−|Buffalos, porcupines (main crop-raider in 2013), birds, bushbucks, duikers, elephants (Babaase et al., 2013; Sabuhoro et al., 2023)
+|Buffalos, porcupines (main crop-raider in 2013), birds, bushbucks, duikers, elephants (Babaase et al. 2013; Sabuhoro et al. 2023).
|Ongoing (2024)
|Ongoing (2024)
−|-
|-
|7 Natural system modifications
|7 Natural system modifications
|7.1 Fire & fire suppression
|7.1 Fire & fire suppression
|Low (up to 30% of population affected)
|Low (up to 30% of population affected)
−|In 1989 and 2009, fire broke out along the slope of Mount Muhabura twice caused by human activities in the past and burned a large area from low to high elevation which include small portions of the Mgahinga Gorilla National Park (Hoek et al., 2023; McNeilage, 1995)
+|In 1989 and 2009, fire broke out along the slope of Mount Muhabura twice caused by human activities in the past and burned a large area from low to high elevation which include small portions of the Mgahinga Gorilla National Park (Hoek et al. 2023; McNeilage 1995).
|1989-Ongoing (2024)
|1989-Ongoing (2024)
|-
|-
Line 150:
Line 156:
|8.1 Invasive non-native/alien species
|8.1 Invasive non-native/alien species
|Low (up to 30% of population affected)
|Low (up to 30% of population affected)
−|Black wattle (Acacia mearnsii) and Eucalyptus trees were found to be the most widely distributed and Pinus patula the least distributed species in the park.
+|Black wattle (''Acacia mearnsii'') and Eucalyptus trees were found to be the most widely distributed and Pinus patula the least distributed species in the park.
|1991-Ongoing (2024)
|1991-Ongoing (2024)
|-
|-
−|8 Invasive & other problematic species, genes & diseases
+|5 Biological resource use
−|8.4 Pathogens
+|5.3 Logging & wood harvesting
−|High (more than 70% of population affected)
+|Present (unknown severity)
−|Risk of acquiring Covid-19 due to presence in the surrounding human population (Kungu et al. 2023). Evidence of human respiratory viruses, gastrointestinal parasites, and herpes viruses in the Virunga gorilla population exists. In addition, rabies, Ebola, and Marburg virus outbreaks occur in close proximity to the park (e.g. Mazet et al., 2020; Hassell et al., 2017; Smiley Evans et al., 2017; Petrzlkova et al., 2021, 2022).
+|Habitat loss due to firewood and bamboo harvesting (Twinomugisha & Chapman 2006).
−|Ongoing (2024)
+|2006-Ongoing (2024)
|-
|-
−|9 Pollution
+|6 Human intrusions & disturbance
−|
+|6.2 War, civil unrest & military exercises
−|Unknown
+|Present (unknown severity)
−|
+|During the civil war parts of Mgahinga National Park sometimes served as retreat areas for paramilitary units. Parts of the afro-alpine vegetation on the peaks of Mt. Gahinga and Muhavura were destroyed during the civil war (Karlowski 2004).
−|
+|1990-1994
|-
|-
|10 Geological events
|10 Geological events
|10.2 Earthquakes/tsunamis
|10.2 Earthquakes/tsunamis
−|Present (severity unknown)
+|Present (unknown severity)
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
−|11 Climate change & severe weather
+|9 Pollution
|
|
|Unknown
|Unknown
Line 177:
Line 183:
|
|
|-
|-
−|12 Other threat
+|11 Climate change & severe weather
|
|
−|Absent
+|Unknown
|
|
|
|
Line 376:
Line 382:
|2 Resources and capacity
|2 Resources and capacity
|2.3 Continuous/long-term funding
|2.3 Continuous/long-term funding
−|Robbins et al., 2011
+|Robbins et al. 2011
|1992-Ongoing (2024)
|1992-Ongoing (2024)
|-
|-
Line 386:
Line 392:
|2 Resources and capacity
|2 Resources and capacity
|2.6 External partnerships that add expertise or resources
|2.6 External partnerships that add expertise or resources
−|Robbins et al., 2011
+|Robbins et al. 2011
|
|
|}
|}